{"id":88194,"date":"2020-07-13T13:42:17","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T11:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/osnovan-xfce-classic-fork-xfce-bez-dekorirovaniya-okon-na-storone-klienta"},"modified":"2020-07-13T13:42:17","modified_gmt":"2020-07-13T11:42:17","slug":"osnovan-xfce-classic-fork-xfce-bez-dekorirovaniya-okon-na-storone-klienta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/osnovan-xfce-classic-fork-xfce-bez-dekorirovaniya-okon-na-storone-klienta","title":{"rendered":"Baseado no Xfce Classic, um fork do Xfce sem decora\u00e7\u00f5es de janelas do lado do cliente.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Sean Anastasio (Shawn Anastasio<\/a><\/noindex>), entusiasta de software livre, que na sua \u00e9poca desenvolveu seu pr\u00f3prio sistema operacional ShawnOS<\/a><\/noindex> e trabalhou na portabilidade do Chromium e do Qubes OS para a arquitetura ppc64le, fundou<\/a><\/noindex> projeto Xfce Classic<\/a><\/noindex>, no qual pretende desenvolver forks dos componentes do ambiente de desktop Xfce, que funcionam sem o uso de decora\u00e7\u00e3o de janelas do lado do cliente (CSD, client-side decorations), onde o cabe\u00e7alho e as bordas da janela s\u00e3o renderizados n\u00e3o pelo gerenciador de janelas, mas pelo pr\u00f3prio aplicativo. <\/p>\n

Vale lembrar que, ao preparar a pr\u00f3xima vers\u00e3o do Xfce 4.16, cujo lan\u00e7amento \u00e9 esperado<\/a><\/noindex> est\u00e1 programado para outubro ou novembro, foi feita a transi\u00e7\u00e3o da interface para o widget GtkHeaderBar e a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do CSD, permitindo, da mesma forma que no GNOME, posicionar menus, bot\u00f5es e outros elementos da interface no cabe\u00e7alho da janela, al\u00e9m de garantir a oculta\u00e7\u00e3o das bordas em di\u00e1logos. O novo mecanismo de renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o da interface foi integrado \u00e0 biblioteca libxfce4ui, resultando na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do CSD para quase todos os di\u00e1logos, sem a necessidade de modificar o c\u00f3digo dos projetos existentes. <\/p>\n

Com a transi\u00e7\u00e3o para o CSD surgiram<\/a><\/noindex> opositores<\/a><\/noindex>, que acreditam que o suporte ao CSD deve ser opcional e que o usu\u00e1rio deve ter a possibilidade de continuar usando cabe\u00e7alhos de janela cl\u00e1ssicos. Entre as desvantagens da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do CSD, destaca-se a \u00e1rea demasiadamente ampla do cabe\u00e7alho da janela, a falta de necessidade de mover elementos do aplicativo para o cabe\u00e7alho da janela, a inoperabilidade dos temas do Xfwm4 e a inconsist\u00eancia na apar\u00eancia das janelas dos aplicativos Xfce\/GNOME e dos programas que n\u00e3o utilizam CSD. Observa-se que uma das raz\u00f5es para o desagrado por parte de alguns usu\u00e1rios em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 interface do GNOME \u00e9 a ado\u00e7\u00e3o do CSD.<\/p>\n

Como n\u00e3o houve tentativas de fornecer suporte para desativar o CSD em cinco meses, Shawn Anastasio decidiu<\/a><\/noindex> decidiu assumir a quest\u00e3o e criou um fork da biblioteca libxfce4ui<\/a><\/noindex>, onde fez a limpeza da vincula\u00e7\u00e3o ao CSD e retornou ao antigo modo de decora\u00e7\u00e3o do lado do servidor (do gerenciador de janelas). Para garantir a compatibilidade com aplicativos que utilizam a nova API libxfce4ui e manter a ABI, foram preparadas liga\u00e7\u00f5es especiais que traduzem os m\u00e9todos espec\u00edficos do CSD da classe XfceTitledDialog em chamadas da classe GtkDialog. No final, foi possibilitada a remo\u00e7\u00e3o do CSD dos aplicativos Xfce atrav\u00e9s da substitui\u00e7\u00e3o da biblioteca libxfce4ui, sem a necessidade de alterar o c\u00f3digo dos pr\u00f3prios aplicativos.<\/p>\n

Fork adicionalmente formado pain\u00e9is xfce4-panel<\/a><\/noindex>, incluindo altera\u00e7\u00f5es para restaurar o comportamento cl\u00e1ssico. Uma vers\u00e3o preparada para usu\u00e1rios do Gentoo overlay<\/a><\/noindex> para a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do libxfce4ui-nocsd. Para usu\u00e1rios do Xubuntu\/Ubuntu, uma vers\u00e3o preparada com pacotes j\u00e1 prontos. um reposit\u00f3rio PPA<\/a><\/noindex> Os motivos para a cria\u00e7\u00e3o do fork foram explicados por Shawn Anastasio, que j\u00e1 usa o Xfce h\u00e1 muitos anos e gosta da interface desse ambiente. Ap\u00f3s a decis\u00e3o de mudar a interface, com a qual ele n\u00e3o concordava, e a falta de tentativas de fornecer uma op\u00e7\u00e3o para retornar ao comportamento antigo, foi decidido resolver seu problema por conta pr\u00f3pria e compartilhar a solu\u00e7\u00e3o com outras pessoas que compartilham sua vis\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Entre os problemas ao usar o Xfce Classic, destaca-se a impress\u00e3o de duplica\u00e7\u00e3o de cabe\u00e7alhos devido \u00e0 exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es repetidas no cabe\u00e7alho e na janela do aplicativo. Essa caracter\u00edstica corresponde ao comportamento do Xfce 4.12 e 4.14 e n\u00e3o est\u00e1 relacionada ao CSD. Em alguns aplicativos, essa duplica\u00e7\u00e3o parece normal (por exemplo, no xfce4-screenshooter), mas em outros \u00e9 claramente inadequada. Para resolver esse problema, n\u00e3o se descarta a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma vari\u00e1vel de ambiente que regule a renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o do XfceHeading.<\/p>\n

\"Baseado<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

A posi\u00e7\u00e3o dos defensores do CSD se resume \u00e0 possibilidade de utilizar o espa\u00e7o vazio do cabe\u00e7alho da janela para acomodar menus, bot\u00f5es de painel e outros elementos significativos da interface. Os cr\u00edticos do CSD acreditam que essa abordagem gera problemas de unifica\u00e7\u00e3o no design das janelas, especialmente aquelas escritas para diferentes ambientes de usu\u00e1rio, que definem diferentes diretrizes para o layout da \u00e1rea do cabe\u00e7alho. \u00c9 muito mais f\u00e1cil padronizar o design de todas as janelas de aplicativos com a renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica das \u00e1reas de servi\u00e7o na parte do servidor. No caso do uso do CSD, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio adaptar separadamente a interface do aplicativo para cada ambiente gr\u00e1fico e \u00e9 bastante dif\u00edcil garantir que o aplicativo n\u00e3o pare\u00e7a estranho em diferentes ambientes de usu\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0428\u043e\u043d \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0438 (Shawn Anastasio), \u044d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u041e, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 ShawnOS \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Chromium \u0438 Qubes OS \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 ppc64le, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Xfce Classic, \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 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