{"id":90687,"date":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2020-08-04T13:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-08-04T11:42:33","slug":"predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-blokirovke-drajverov-prosloek-predostavlyayushhih-dostup-k-gpl-vyzovam-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"Oferta de bloqueio de drivers de camada que fornecem acesso a chamadas GPL do n\u00facleo do Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, um conhecido desenvolvedor do n\u00facleo Linux, que foi membro do comit\u00ea t\u00e9cnico da Linux Foundation e atuou como demandante em um processo relacionado \u00e0 GPL judicial<\/a><\/noindex> com a VMware, um patch escrito \u00e0 m\u00e3o para corre\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/a><\/noindex> para refor\u00e7ar a prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra o v\u00ednculo de drivers propriet\u00e1rios a componentes do n\u00facleo Linux, exportados apenas para m\u00f3dulos sob licen\u00e7a GPL. Para contornar a limita\u00e7\u00e3o na exporta\u00e7\u00e3o de s\u00edmbolos GPL, os fabricantes de drivers propriet\u00e1rios usam um m\u00f3dulo intermedi\u00e1rio, cujo c\u00f3digo \u00e9 aberto e distribu\u00eddo sob a licen\u00e7a GPLv2, mas cujas fun\u00e7\u00f5es se resumem \u00e0 tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de acesso do driver propriet\u00e1rio \u00e0s APIs necess\u00e1rias do n\u00facleo, proibidas para uso a partir de c\u00f3digo propriet\u00e1rio diretamente.<\/p>\n

Para bloquear esse tipo de manobra, Christoph Hellwig preparou<\/a><\/noindex> para o n\u00facleo do Linux, patches que garantem a heran\u00e7a de flags relacionadas \u00e0 exporta\u00e7\u00e3o de s\u00edmbolos GPL. A proposta se resume \u00e0 heran\u00e7a da flag TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE em todos os m\u00f3dulos que importam s\u00edmbolos de m\u00f3dulos com essa flag. Assim, se um m\u00f3dulo GPL intermedi\u00e1rio tentar importar s\u00edmbolos de um m\u00f3dulo n\u00e3o GPL, o m\u00f3dulo GPL herdar\u00e1 a etiqueta TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE e n\u00e3o poder\u00e1 acessar os componentes do n\u00facleo dispon\u00edveis apenas para m\u00f3dulos sob licen\u00e7a GPL, mesmo que o m\u00f3dulo tenha importado anteriormente s\u00edmbolos da categoria 'gplonly'. <\/p>\n

Durante a discuss\u00e3o, tamb\u00e9m foi sugerido<\/a><\/noindex> a proposta de bloqueio reverso \u2014 se um m\u00f3dulo importar s\u00edmbolos EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, quaisquer s\u00edmbolos exportados por esse m\u00f3dulo n\u00e3o devem ser importados por m\u00f3dulos que n\u00e3o declaram explicitamente compatibilidade com GPL. Ou seja, se um m\u00f3dulo importar s\u00edmbolos EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, ent\u00e3o todos os seus s\u00edmbolos exportados devem ser tratados como EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL. Christoph Helwig escreveu<\/a><\/noindex>, que concorda 100% com essa proposta, mas tal mudan\u00e7a n\u00e3o ser\u00e1 aceita por Linus Torvalds, pois levar\u00e1 \u00e0 inacessibilidade para drivers propriet\u00e1rios da maior parte das subsistemas do n\u00facleo, devido ao fato de que, ao desenvolver drivers, s\u00edmbolos b\u00e1sicos exportados sob GPL s\u00e3o incorporados.<\/p>\n

A altera\u00e7\u00e3o foi proposta em resposta a publica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/noindex> um engenheiro do Facebook com uma s\u00e9rie de patches implementando um novo subsistema netgpu, permitindo a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de troca direta de dados (DMA
\nzero-copy) entre a placa de rede e a GPU, enquanto a manipula\u00e7\u00e3o do protocolo \u00e9 realizada pela CPU. A insatisfa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/noindex> dos desenvolvedores foi provocada pela disponibilidade<\/a><\/noindex> implementa\u00e7\u00f5es apenas para drivers propriet\u00e1rios da NVIDIA atrav\u00e9s da camada GPL fornecida por esses drivers. Em resposta a cr\u00edticas<\/a><\/noindex> autor dos patches referiu<\/a><\/noindex>, que o subsistema n\u00e3o est\u00e1 vinculado \u00e0 NVIDIA e seu suporte pode ser garantido tamb\u00e9m para interfaces de programa\u00e7\u00e3o de GPUs AMD e Intel. No final, a promo\u00e7\u00e3o do netgpu no n\u00facleo foi considerada imposs\u00edvel at\u00e9 que aparecesse suporte funcional baseado em drivers livres, como AMDGPU, Intel i915 ou Nouveau. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Foundation \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441 GPL \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441 VMware, 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\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Proposta de bloqueio de drivers intermedi\u00e1rios que fornecem acesso \u00e0s chamadas GPL do n\u00facleo Linux | ProHoster","description":"Christoph Hellwig, um conhecido desenvolvedor do n\u00facleo Linux, que foi membro do comit\u00ea t\u00e9cnico da Linux Foundation e atuou como demandante em um processo relacionado \u00e0 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