{"id":100422,"date":"2021-06-03T16:23:37","date_gmt":"2021-06-03T14:23:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-gcc-razreshil-priyom-izmenenij-bez-peredachi-fondu-spo-prav-na-kod"},"modified":"2021-06-03T16:23:37","modified_gmt":"2021-06-03T14:23:37","slug":"proekt-gcc-razreshil-priyom-izmenenij-bez-peredachi-fondu-spo-prav-na-kod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/proekt-gcc-razreshil-priyom-izmenenij-bez-peredachi-fondu-spo-prav-na-kod","title":{"rendered":"Proiectul GCC a permis acceptarea modific\u0103rilor f\u0103r\u0103 a transfera Fondului Open Source drepturile asupra codului","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Comitetul care gestioneaz\u0103 dezvoltarea setului de compilatoare GCC (Comitetul de Direc\u021bie GCC) a aprobat \u00eentreruperea practicii de transfer obligatoriu a drepturilor de proprietate asupra codului c\u0103tre Fondul CPP. Dezvoltatorii care doresc s\u0103 contribuie la GCC nu mai sunt obliga\u021bi s\u0103 semneze un acord CLA cu Fondul CPP. Acum, pentru a participa la dezvoltare, este suficient s\u0103 confirme c\u0103 dezvoltatorul are dreptul de a transfera codul \u0219i nu \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i \u00eensu\u0219easc\u0103 codul altora. <\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorii care nu doresc s\u0103 semneze un acord CLA cu Fondul de Software Open Source au oportunitatea de a utiliza condi\u021biile Certificatului de Origine pentru Dezvoltatori (DCO), care sunt aplicate din 2004 pentru transferul modific\u0103rilor \u00een kernelul Linux. \u00cen conformitate cu regulile DCO, urm\u0103rirea autorului se efectueaz\u0103 prin ata\u0219area fiec\u0103rei modific\u0103ri a liniei \u201eSigned-off-by: nume \u0219i email-ul dezvoltatorului\u201d. Prin ata\u0219area acestei semn\u0103turi la patch, dezvoltatorul \u00ee\u0219i confirm\u0103 autoritatea asupra codului transferat \u0219i este de acord cu distribuirea sa \u00een cadrul proiectului sau ca parte a codului sub o licen\u021b\u0103 liber\u0103. <\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 anterior dezvoltatorii semnau un acord special care transfera toate drepturile de proprietate asupra codului c\u0103tre Fondul CPP, acum un astfel de acord se semneaz\u0103 la dorin\u021b\u0103, iar dezvoltatorul poate p\u0103stra drepturile asupra codului s\u0103u. Astfel, drepturile de proprietate asupra codului GCC vor fi acum \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite \u00eentre Fondul CPP \u0219i participan\u021bii la dezvoltare care nu au semnat acordul. <\/p>\n

Aceast\u0103 distribu\u021bie complic\u0103 schimbarea condi\u021biilor de distribu\u021bie ale proiectului, deoarece pentru a schimba licen\u021ba, este necesar consim\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul personal al fiec\u0103rui dezvoltator care nu a transferat drepturile c\u0103tre Fondul de Software Open Source. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, \u00eencetarea transferului drepturilor c\u0103tre Fondul de Software Open Source nu va complica posibila tranzi\u021bie la versiunile viitoare ale licen\u021bei GPL, deoarece GCC este distribuit sub licen\u021ba \u201eGPLv3 sau o versiune mai nou\u0103\u201d, ceea ce permite schimbarea licen\u021bei \u00een GPLv4 f\u0103r\u0103 acord suplimentar cu fiecare dezvoltator. Printre efectele pozitive ale renun\u021b\u0103rii la transferul obligatoriu al drepturilor asupra codului se num\u0103r\u0103 cre\u0219terea atractivit\u0103\u021bii particip\u0103rii la dezvoltarea GCC pentru corpora\u021bii \u0219i angaja\u021bi din companii mari, care anterior trebuiau s\u0103 consimt\u0103 suplimentar la semnarea acordului \u00een diverse institu\u021bii \u0219i servicii juridice. De exemplu, la un moment dat, compania Apple a renun\u021bat la transferul modific\u0103rilor sale c\u0103tre GCC Fondului de Software Open Source \u0219i \u0219i-a direc\u021bionat aten\u021bia pe dezvoltarea LLVM. <\/p>\n

Concentr\u00e2nd \u00een m\u00e2ini unice drepturile de proprietate, Fondul SPo a ac\u021bionat ca un garant al men\u021binerii unei politici de distribu\u021bie a codului proiectelor exclusiv sub licen\u021be libere \u0219i a desf\u0103\u0219urat sarcina de a proteja comunitatea \u00eempotriva schimb\u0103rii cursului ini\u021bial stabilit pentru dezvoltarea proiectului (de exemplu, a blocat introducerea unei licen\u021be duale\/comerciale sau lansarea de produse propriete \u00eenchise printr-un acord separat cu autorii codului). Fondul SPo putea de asemenea s\u0103 participe la solu\u021bionarea conflictelor judiciare \u00een numele dezvoltatorilor \u0219i s\u0103 ia unilateral decizii cu privire la modificarea condi\u021biilor de licen\u021biere (de exemplu, s\u0103 for\u021beze trecerea la o nou\u0103 versiune a licen\u021bei GPL). <\/p>\n

Unii dezvoltatori au criticat ac\u021biunile comitetului de conducere GCC, care a aprobat decizia f\u0103r\u0103 o discu\u021bie prealabil\u0103 \u00een comunitate. De altfel, a existat o discu\u021bie, \u00eens\u0103 s-a concentrat pe oportunitatea continu\u0103rii interac\u021biunii anterioare a GCC cu proiectul GNU \u0219i cu Fondul de Software Open Source. Ecourile acestei discu\u021bii se fac sim\u021bite \u00een fraza men\u021bionat\u0103 \u00een anun\u021b \u201eGCC a fost creat ca parte a proiectului GNU, dar a crescut suficient \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 func\u021bioneze ca un proiect autonom.\u201d <\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 temeri c\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 un control centralizat asupra drepturilor pentru \u00eentregul cod, pot ap\u0103rea confuzii \u00een procesul de acordare a licen\u021belor. Dac\u0103 \u00eenainte toate cererile de \u00eenc\u0103lcare a condi\u021biilor de licen\u021biere erau rezolvate prin interac\u021biunea cu o singur\u0103 organiza\u021bie, acum sursa \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103rilor, inclusiv cele neinten\u021bionate, devine imprevizibil\u0103 \u0219i necesit\u0103 consens din partea fiec\u0103rui participant. Un exemplu este situa\u021bia cu nucleul Linux, unde dezvoltatorii separa\u021bi ai nucleului ini\u021biaz\u0103 procese legale, inclusiv cu scopul de a ob\u021bine beneficii personale.
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 GCC (GCC Steering Committee), \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u0421\u041f\u041e \u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 GCC, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c CLA-\u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0421\u041f\u041e. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Proiectul GCC a autorizat primirea modific\u0103rilor f\u0103r\u0103 transferul drepturilor asupra codului c\u0103tre Funda\u021bia SPI | ProHoster","description":"Comitetul care gestioneaz\u0103 dezvoltarea setului de compilatoare GCC (Comitetul de Conducere GCC) a aprobat \u00eencetarea practicii de transfer obligatoriu a drepturilor de 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