{"id":101737,"date":"2021-10-24T22:22:41","date_gmt":"2021-10-24T20:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/intel-otkryl-kod-sistemy-mashinnogo-obucheniya-controlflag-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-v-kode"},"modified":"2021-10-24T22:22:41","modified_gmt":"2021-10-24T20:22:41","slug":"intel-otkryl-kod-sistemy-mashinnogo-obucheniya-controlflag-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-v-kode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/intel-otkryl-kod-sistemy-mashinnogo-obucheniya-controlflag-dlya-vyyavleniya-oshibok-v-kode","title":{"rendered":"Intel a deschis codul sistemului de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare automat\u0103 ControlFlag pentru identificarea erorilor \u00een cod.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Compania Intel a deschis cercet\u0103rile legate de proiectul de cercetare ControlFlag, destinat cre\u0103rii unui sistem de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare automat\u0103 pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii codului. Instrumentele preg\u0103tite de proiect permit, pe baza unui model antrenat pe un volum mare de cod existent, identificarea diferitelor erori \u0219i anomalii \u00een textele surs\u0103 scrise \u00een limbaje de nivel \u00eenalt, cum ar fi C\/C++. Sistemul este potrivit pentru identificarea \u00een cod a diferitelor tipuri de probleme, de la detectarea gre\u0219elilor de tipar \u0219i combina\u021bii gre\u0219ite de tipuri, p\u00e2n\u0103 la identificarea verific\u0103rilor lips\u0103 privind valorile NULL \u00een pointeri \u0219i problemele de gestionare a memoriei. Codul ControlFlag este scris \u00een C++ \u0219i este disponibil sub licen\u021ba MIT. <\/p>\n

Sistemul se auto-\u00eenva\u021b\u0103 prin construirea unui model statistic al setului de cod existent din proiectele open-source publicate pe GitHub \u0219i \u00een repozitorii publice similare. \u00cen etapa de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, sistemul define\u0219te tiparele tipice de construire a construc\u021biilor \u00een cod \u0219i construie\u0219te un arbore sintactic al rela\u021biilor dintre aceste tipare, reflect\u00e2nd fluxul de execu\u021bie a codului \u00een program. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, se formeaz\u0103 un arbore de decizie de referin\u021b\u0103, care reune\u0219te experien\u021ba de dezvoltare a tuturor textelor surs\u0103 analizate. <\/p>\n

Pentru codul verificat se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 un proces similar de identificare a \u0219abloanelor, care sunt comparate cu un arbore de decizie standard. Abaterile mari fa\u021b\u0103 de ramurile vecine indic\u0103 existen\u021ba unei anomalii \u00een \u0219ablonul verificat. Sistemul permite nu doar identificarea unei erori \u00een \u0219ablon, ci \u0219i propunerea unei corecturi. De exemplu, \u00een codul OpenSSL a fost identificat\u0103 construc\u021bia \"(s1 == NULL) \u2227 (s2 == NULL)\", care ap\u0103rea \u00een arborele sintactic de 8 ori, \u00een timp ce cea mai apropiat\u0103 ramur\u0103 cu valoarea \"(s1 == NULL) || (s2 == NULL)\" ap\u0103rea de aproximativ 7 mii de ori. De asemenea, sistemul a identificat o anomalie \"(s1 == NULL) | (s2 == NULL)\" care ap\u0103rea \u00een arbore de 32 de ori.

\"Intel<\/center> <\/p>\n

La analiza fragmentului de cod \"if (x = 7) y = x;\" sistemul a determinat c\u0103 de obicei \u00een operatorul \"if\" pentru compararea valorilor numerice se folose\u0219te construc\u021bia \"variabil\u0103 == num\u0103r\", astfel c\u0103 specificarea \"variabil\u0103 = num\u0103r\" \u00een expresia \"if\" este probabil cauzat\u0103 de o gre\u0219eal\u0103 de tipar. O astfel de eroare ar fi fost depistat\u0103 \u0219i de anali\u0219tii statici tradi\u021bionali, dar spre deosebire de ace\u0219tia, ControlFlag nu aplic\u0103 reguli predefinite, \u00een care este greu de prev\u0103zut toate variantele posibile, ci se bazeaz\u0103 pe statisticile utiliz\u0103rii diverselor construc\u021bii \u00eentr-un num\u0103r mare de proiecte. <\/p>\n

Ca experiment, folosind ControlFlag \u00een codurile surs\u0103 ale utilitarului cURL, care este adesea prezentat ca un exemplu de cod de calitate \u0219i bine verificat, a fost identificat\u0103 o eroare neobservat\u0103 de anali\u0219tii statici \u00een utilizarea elementului structurii \"s->keepon\", care avea tip numeric, dar era comparat cu o valoare boolean\u0103 TRUE. \u00cen codul OpenSSL, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 problema men\u021bionat\u0103 anterior cu \"(s1 == NULL) \u2227 (s2 == NULL)\", au fost identificate \u0219i anomalii \u00een expresiile \"(-2 == rv)\" (minusul era o gre\u0219eal\u0103 de tipar) \u0219i \"BIO_puts(bp, \":\")\".
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Intel \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c ControlFlag, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c 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\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a C\/C++. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":101738,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Intel a deschis codul sistemului de 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