{"id":101790,"date":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust"},"modified":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","slug":"proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Proiectul Kerla dezvolt\u0103 un nucleu compatibil cu Linux, scris \u00een limbajul Rust.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cen cadrul proiectului Kerla, se dezvolt\u0103 nucleul unui sistem de operare scris \u00een limbajul Rust. Noul nucleu este ini\u021bial orientat spre asigurarea compatibilit\u0103\u021bii cu nucleul Linux la nivel ABI, ceea ce va permite rularea \u00een medii bazate pe Kerla a fi\u0219ierelor executabile nedistribuite, compileaz\u0103 pentru Linux. Codul este distribuit sub licen\u021bele Apache 2.0 \u0219i MIT. Proiectul este dezvoltat de programatorul japonez Seiya Nuta, cunoscut pentru crearea sistemului de operare pe baz\u0103 de microkernel Resea, scris \u00een limbajul C. <\/p>\n

\u00cen prezent, Kerla poate func\u021biona doar pe sisteme cu arhitectura x86_64 \u0219i implementeaz\u0103 apeluri de sistem de baz\u0103, cum ar fi write, stat, mmap, pipe \u0219i poll, suport\u00e2nd semnale, canale anonime \u0219i schimb\u0103ri de context. Pentru gestionarea proceselor, se ofer\u0103 apeluri precum fork, wait4 \u0219i execve. Exist\u0103 suport pentru tty \u0219i pseudo-terminali (pty). Din sistemele de fi\u0219iere, suportul este deocamdat\u0103 oferit pentru initramfs (utilizat pentru montarea sistemului de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103), tmpfs \u0219i devfs. Este furnizat un stack de re\u021bea cu suport pentru socketi TCP \u0219i UDP, implementat pe baza bibliotecii smoltcp. <\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorul a preg\u0103tit un mediu de boot care poate rula \u00een QEMU sau \u00een ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103<\/a> Firecracker cu driverul virtio-net, la care se poate conecta deja prin SSH. Ca bibliotec\u0103 de sistem, se folose\u0219te musl, iar ca utilitare de utilizator \u2014 BusyBox.

\"Proiectul<\/center> <\/p>\n

Pe baza Docker, a fost preg\u0103tit un sistem de construire, care permite formarea propriilor initramfs de boot cu nucleul Kerla. Se dezvolt\u0103 separat un shell software asem\u0103n\u0103tor cu fish, numit nsh, \u0219i un stack GUI Kazari bazat pe protocolul Wayland.

\"Proiectul<\/center> <\/p>\n

Utilizarea limbajului Rust \u00een proiect reduce num\u0103rul de erori \u00een cod gra\u021bie aplic\u0103rii tehnicilor de programare sigur\u0103 \u0219i cre\u0219terii eficien\u021bei identific\u0103rii problemelor \u00een gestionarea memoriei. Lucrul sigur cu memoria este asigurat \u00een Rust \u00een timpul compil\u0103rii prin verificarea referin\u021belor, urm\u0103rirea propriet\u0103\u021bii obiectelor \u0219i gestionarea timpului de via\u021b\u0103 al obiectelor (domeniului de vizibilitate), precum \u0219i prin evaluarea corectitudinii accesului la memorie \u00een timpul execu\u021biei codului. \u00cen plus, Rust ofer\u0103 instrumente pentru a preveni suprascrierea numeric\u0103, necesit\u0103 ini\u021bializarea obligatorie a valorilor variabilelor \u00eenainte de utilizare, aplic\u0103 conceptul de imutabilitate (immutable) a referin\u021belor \u0219i variabilelor \u00een mod implicit, ofer\u0103 o tipizare static\u0103 puternic\u0103 pentru minimizarea erorilor logice \u0219i simplific\u0103 procesarea valorilor de intrare prin instrumentele de potrivire a modelelor. <\/p>\n

Pentru dezvoltarea componentelor de nivel inferior, cum ar fi nucleul sistemului de operare, Rust ofer\u0103 suport pentru pointeri raw, ambalarea structurilor, inser\u021biile inline de asamblare, \u00eencorporarea fi\u0219ierelor \u00een limbajul de asamblare. Pentru a func\u021biona independent de biblioteca standard, exist\u0103 pachete crate separate pentru opera\u021bii cu \u0219iruri, vectori \u0219i steaguri bit. Printre avantaje se num\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i instrumentele \u00eencorporate pentru evaluarea calit\u0103\u021bii codului (linter, rust-analyzer) \u0219i crearea de teste unitare, care pot fi rulate nu doar pe hardware real, ci \u0219i \u00een QEMU.
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Kerla \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c Linux \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 ABI, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Kerla \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Apache 2.0 \u0438 MIT. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0435\u0439\u044f \u041d\u0443\u0442\u0430 (Seiya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":101791,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Proiectul Kerla dezvolt\u0103 un nucleu compatibil Linux \u00een limbajul Rust | ProHoster","description":"\u00cen cadrul proiectului Kerla se dezvolt\u0103 nucleul sistemului de operare, scris \u00een limbajul 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