{"id":102442,"date":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea distribu\u021biei NixOS 21.11, care utilizeaz\u0103 managerul de pachete Nix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A avut loc lansarea distribu\u021biei NixOS 21.11, bazat\u0103 pe managerul de pachete Nix \u0219i oferind o serie de dezvolt\u0103ri proprii care simplific\u0103 configurarea \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binerea sistemului. De exemplu, \u00een NixOS se utilizeaz\u0103 un singur fi\u0219ier de configura\u021bie a sistemului (configuration.nix), se ofer\u0103 posibilitatea de a face rollback rapid al actualiz\u0103rilor, se suport\u0103 comutarea \u00eentre diferite st\u0103ri ale sistemului, se poate instala pachete individuale de c\u0103tre utilizatori (pachetul este instalat \u00een directorul personal), este posibil\u0103 instalarea simultan\u0103 a mai multor versiuni ale acelea\u0219i aplica\u021bii, iar construc\u021biile sunt reproducibile. Dimensiunea imaginii de instalare complete cu KDE este de 1,6 GB, GNOME \u2014 2 GB, iar varianta redus\u0103 pentru consol\u0103 \u2014 765 MB.     <\/p>\n<p>Nout\u0103\u021bi principale:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Desktopul KDE Plasma, \u00een mod implicit, a fost transformat pentru a utiliza protocolul Wayland. Au fost actualizate desktopurile GNOME 41 \u0219i Pantheon 6 (din Elementary OS 6).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen loc de iptables, este folosit setul iptables-nft, care ofer\u0103 instrumente cu aceea\u0219i sintax\u0103 a liniei de comand\u0103, dar care transpun regulile primite \u00een bytecode nf_tables.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile Systemd 249, PHP 8.0, Python 3.9, PostgreSQL 13, bash 5, OpenSSH 8.8p1 au fost actualizate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sistemul de gestionare a containerelor LXD a fost semnificativ \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. A fost implementat\u0103 posibilitatea de a construi imagini pentru LXD din fi\u0219iere de configurare folosind nixpkgs. Se asigur\u0103 construc\u021bia imaginilor nixOS cu suport complet pentru nixos-rebuild, care pot fi utilizate separat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate peste 40 de servicii noi, inclusiv Git, btrbk (backup pentru btrfs), clipcat (manager de clipboard), dex (furnizor OAuth 2.0), Jibri (serviciu pentru \u00eenregistrarea conferin\u021belor Jitsi Meet), Kea (server DHCP), owncast (streaming video), PeerTube, ucarp (implementare a protocolului CARP), opensnitch (firewall dinamic), Hockeypuck (server de chei OpenPGP), MeshCentral (echivalent TeamViewer), influxdb2 (SGBD pentru stocarea metricilor), fluidd (interfa\u021b\u0103 web pentru gestionarea imprimantelor 3D), postfixadmin (interfa\u021b\u0103 web pentru gestionarea emailului bazat pe Postfix), seafile (platform\u0103 de stocare \u00een cloud). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serverul\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3027\">serverul<\/a> pe baza Postfix), seafile (platform\u0103 de stocare \u00een cloud).      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd se utilizeaz\u0103 Nix, pachetele sunt instalate \u00eentr-un arbore de directoare separat \/nix\/store sau \u00eentr-un subdirector din directorul utilizatorului. De exemplu, un pachet este instalat ca \/nix\/store\/a2b5\u20268b163-firefox-94.0.2\/, unde \u201ea2b5\u2026\u201d este identificatorul unic al pachetului folosit pentru gestionarea dependen\u021belor. Pachetele sunt structurate sub form\u0103 de container, con\u021bin\u00e2nd componentele necesare func\u021bion\u0103rii aplica\u021biilor. O abordare similar\u0103 este utilizat\u0103 \u00een managerul de pachete GNU Guix, care se bazeaz\u0103 pe lucr\u0103rile Nix.      <\/p>\n<p>\u00centre pachete pot fi definite dependen\u021be, iar pentru a c\u0103uta existen\u021ba dependen\u021belor deja instalate se utilizeaz\u0103 scanarea hash-urilor identificatoare \u00een directorul pachetelor instalate. Este posibil at\u00e2t s\u0103 se descarce pachete binare gata din repository (la instalarea actualiz\u0103rilor pentru pachetele binare se descarc\u0103 doar modific\u0103rile delta), c\u00e2t \u0219i s\u0103 se compileze din cod surs\u0103 cu toate dependen\u021bele. Colec\u021bia de pachete este reprezentat\u0103 \u00eentr-un repository special Nixpkgs.          <\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56263\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c 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