{"id":103071,"date":"2022-01-24T15:36:48","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T13:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bf-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d0%be%d1%81-phantom-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%b5-genode-%d0%b1"},"modified":"2022-01-24T15:36:48","modified_gmt":"2022-01-24T13:36:50","slug":"prototip-otechestvennoj-os-phantom-na-baze-genode-b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/prototip-otechestvennoj-os-phantom-na-baze-genode-b","title":{"rendered":"Prototipul sistemului de operare autohton Phantom bazat pe Genode va fi gata p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Dmitry Zavalishin a vorbit despre proiectul de portare a ma\u0219inii virtuale a sistemului de operare Phantom pentru a func\u021biona \u00een mediu cu sistemul de operare microkernel Genode. \u00cen interviu se men\u021bioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 versiunea principal\u0103 a Phantom este deja gata pentru proiecte pilot, iar versiunea bazat\u0103 pe Genode va fi finalizat\u0103 pentru utilizare la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului. Deocamdat\u0103, pe site-ul proiectului este declarat doar un prototip conceptual func\u021bional, a c\u0103rui stabilitate \u0219i func\u021bionalitate nu au fost aduse la un nivel adecvat pentru utilizarea industrial\u0103, iar printre planurile imediate se num\u0103r\u0103 formarea unei versiuni alpha potrivite pentru experimentele dezvoltatorilor ter\u021bi. <\/p>\n

Codul proiectului este distribuit sub licen\u021ba LGPL, dar ultima modificare \u00een depozitul principal este datat\u0103 noiembrie 2019. Activitatea public\u0103 asociat\u0103 cu proiectul este concentrat\u0103 \u00een depozitul cu fork pentru Genode, care este sus\u021binut din decembrie 2020 de Anton Antonov, un student de la Universitatea Innopolis. <\/p>\n

Sistemul de operare Phantom a evoluat ca un proiect personal al lui Dmitrii Zavalishin \u00eenc\u0103 din anii 2000, iar din 2010 a fost preluat de compania Digital Zone, fondat\u0103 de Dmitrii. Sistemul se remarc\u0103 prin orientarea sa c\u0103tre \u00eenalt\u0103 fiabilitate \u0219i prin utilizarea conceptului \u201etotul este obiect\u201d \u00een loc de \u201etotul este fi\u0219ier\u201d, ceea ce permite evitarea utiliz\u0103rii fi\u0219ierelor datorit\u0103 salv\u0103rii st\u0103rii memoriei \u0219i ciclului continuu de func\u021bionare. Aplica\u021biile din Phantom nu se finalizeaz\u0103, ci doar se suspend\u0103 \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i reiau activitatea de la punctul \u00eentrerupt. Toate variabilele \u0219i structurile de date pot fi p\u0103strate at\u00e2t timp c\u00e2t este necesar aplica\u021biei, f\u0103r\u0103 ca programatorul s\u0103 fie nevoit s\u0103 se \u00eengrijoreze de salvarea datelor. <\/p>\n

Aplica\u021biile din Phantom sunt compilate \u00een bytecode, care este executat \u00eentr-o ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103 pe baz\u0103 de stiv\u0103, similar\u0103 cu ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 Java. Ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 asigur\u0103 persisten\u021ba memoriei aplica\u021biilor \u2014 sistemul salveaz\u0103 periodic instantanee ale st\u0103rii ma\u0219inii virtuale pe un suport permanent. Dup\u0103 o oprire sau o \u00eenchidere nea\u0219teptat\u0103, activitatea poate fi reluat\u0103 de la ultima instantanee salvat\u0103 a memoriei. Instantanee sunt create \u00een mod asincron \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 suspendarea func\u021bion\u0103rii ma\u0219inii virtuale, dar \u00een snapshot este capturat un moment specific, de parc\u0103 ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 ar fi fost oprit\u0103, salvat\u0103 pe disc \u0219i apoi repornit\u0103. <\/p>\n

Toate aplica\u021biile ruleaz\u0103 \u00eentr-un spa\u021biu global de adresare comun, care permite evitarea comut\u0103rii contextelor \u00eentre kernel \u0219i aplica\u021bii, \u0219i de asemenea simplific\u0103 \u0219i accelereaz\u0103 interac\u021biunea \u00eentre aplica\u021biile care ruleaz\u0103 \u00een ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103, acestea put\u00e2nd schimba obiecte prin transmiterea de referin\u021be. Separarea accesului se face la nivel de obiecte, referin\u021bele la care pot fi ob\u021binute doar prin apelul metodelor corespunz\u0103toare (aritmetica pointerilor este absent\u0103). Orice date, inclusiv valorile numerice, sunt tratate ca obiecte separate. <\/p>\n

Pentru aplica\u021bie, munca apare ca fiind continu\u0103 \u0219i nu depinde de repornirile sistemului de operare, \u00eencheierile anormale \u0219i opririle computerului. Modelul de programare pentru Phantom este comparat cu rularea unor aplica\u021bii care nu se opresc niciodat\u0103. server<\/a> Ca una dintre metodele principale de dezvoltare a aplica\u021biilor, portarea programelor pentru Phantom scrise \u00een Java este considerat\u0103, ceea ce este facilitat de similitudinea \u00eentre ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 Phantom \u0219i JVM. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 compilatorul bytecode pentru Java, proiectul preconizeaz\u0103 crearea de compilatoare pentru Python \u0219i C#, precum \u0219i implementarea unui translator din cod intermediar \u00een WebAssembly. <\/p>\n

Pentru a efectua opera\u021biuni care necesit\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 ridicat\u0103, cum ar fi procesarea video \u0219i audio, exist\u0103 posibilitatea de a rula \u00een fire separate de obiecte binare cu cod nativ (pentru construirea obiectelor binare se folose\u0219te LLVM). Pentru accesul la serviciile de baz\u0103 la nivel de kernel, o parte din clasele VM (\u201eclase interne\u201d) sunt implementate la nivel de kernel al OS-ului. Pentru a rula aplica\u021bii Linux, este disponibil un strat de compatibilitate POSIX, care emuleaz\u0103 apelurile necesare pentru func\u021bionarea proceselor Unix (persisten\u021ba pentru aplica\u021biile din stratul POSIX nu este \u00eenc\u0103 asigurat\u0103).

\"Prototipul<\/center> <\/p>\n

Sistemul de operare tradi\u021bional Phantom, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103, include un nucleu propriu cu implement\u0103ri de fire, manager de memorie, colector de gunoi, mecanisme de sincronizare, sistem de intrare\/ie\u0219ire \u0219i drivere pentru interac\u021biunea cu hardware-ul, ceea ce complic\u0103 semnificativ aducerea proiectului la stadiul de utilizare pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103. Componentelor cu stiv\u0103 de re\u021bea, subsistem grafic \u0219i interfa\u021b\u0103 utilizator le sunt dezvoltate separat. Este demn de men\u021bionat c\u0103 subsistemul grafic \u0219i managerul de feron ce func\u021bioneaz\u0103 la nivelul nucleului. <\/p>\n

Pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi stabilitatea, portabilitatea \u0219i securitatea proiectului, a fost f\u0103cut\u0103 o \u00eencercare de a transfera ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 Phantom pentru a func\u021biona utiliz\u00e2nd componentele sistemului de operare cu micro-nucleu deschis Genode, al c\u0103rei dezvoltare este coordonat\u0103 de compania german\u0103 Genode Labs. Pentru cei interesa\u021bi s\u0103 experimenteze cu Phantom pe baza Genode, a fost preg\u0103tit\u0103 o mediu special de construc\u021bie bazat pe Docker. <\/p>\n

Utilizarea Genode va permite folosirea micro-nucleelor \u0219i driverelor deja testate, precum \u0219i mutarea driverelor \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului (\u00een forma actual\u0103, driverelor sunt scrise \u00een C \u0219i ruleaz\u0103 la nivelul nucleului Phantom). De asemenea, va exista posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii micro-nucleului seL4, care a fost supus unei verific\u0103ri matematice a fiabilit\u0103\u021bii, confirm\u00e2nd c\u0103 implementarea respect\u0103 \u00een totalitate specifica\u021biile stabilite \u00eentr-un limbaj formal. Se ia \u00een considerare posibilitatea de a preg\u0103ti o astfel de dovad\u0103 de fiabilitate \u0219i pentru ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 Phantom, ceea ce va permite verificarea \u00eentregului mediu al sistemului de operare. <\/p>\n

Ca domeniu principal de aplicare al portului bazat pe Genode este dezvoltarea aplica\u021biilor pentru diverse dispozitive industriale \u0219i \u00eencorporate. \u00cen prezent, a fost deja preg\u0103tit un set de modific\u0103ri pentru ma\u0219ina virtual\u0103 \u0219i au fost ad\u0103ugate leg\u0103turi func\u021bionale deasupra Genode pentru a asigura persisten\u021ba componentelor nucleului \u0219i a principalelor interfe\u021be de nivel inferior. Se remarc\u0103 faptul c\u0103 ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103<\/a> Phantom poate deja func\u021biona \u00een mediu de 64 de bi\u021bi Genode, dar mai trebuie implementat\u0103 func\u021bionarea VM \u00een modul de persisten\u021b\u0103, reproiectat\u0103 subsistemul driverelor \u0219i adaptate componentele cu stiva de re\u021bea \u0219i subsistemul grafic pentru Genode.

\"Prototipul<\/center>
\"Prototipul<\/center>
\"Prototipul<\/center>
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0417\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Phantom \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421 Genode. \u0412 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f Phantom \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Genode \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":103072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prototipul sistemului de operare autohton Phantom bazat pe Genode va fi gata p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului | ProHoster","description":"Dmitri Zavalishin a vorbit despre proiectul de portare a ma\u0219inii virtuale a sistemului de operare Phantom pentru a func\u021biona \u00een mediul sistemului de operare microkernel 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