{"id":104418,"date":"2022-06-15T21:37:34","date_gmt":"2022-06-15T19:37:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-monolitnyj-distributiv-ubuntu-core-22"},"modified":"2022-06-15T21:37:34","modified_gmt":"2022-06-15T19:37:34","slug":"dostupen-monolitnyj-distributiv-ubuntu-core-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/dostupen-monolitnyj-distributiv-ubuntu-core-22","title":{"rendered":"Distribu\u021bia monolitic\u0103 Ubuntu Core 22 este disponibil\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Compania Canonical a publicat versiunea Ubuntu Core 22, o variant\u0103 compact\u0103 a distribuitorului Ubuntu, adaptat\u0103 pentru utilizarea pe dispozitivele Internet of Things (IoT), \u00een containere, echipamente de consum \u0219i industriale. Ubuntu Core este livrat sub forma unei imagini monolitice indivizibile a sistemului de baz\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 a utiliza separarea \u00een pachete deb individuale. Imaginile Ubuntu Core 22, a c\u0103ror compunere este sincronizat\u0103 cu baza de pachete Ubuntu 22.04, sunt preg\u0103tite pentru sistemele x86_64, ARMv7 \u0219i ARMv8. Timpul de suport pentru aceast\u0103 versiune este de 10 ani.      <\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu Core serve\u0219te ca baz\u0103 pentru rularea compuselor \u0219i aplica\u021biilor suplimentare, care sunt formulate ca extensii autonome \u00een format snap. Componentele Ubuntu Core, inclusiv sistemul de baz\u0103, nucleul Linux \u0219i extensiile de sistem, sunt de asemenea livrate \u00een format snap \u0219i gestionate de instrumentul snapd. Tehnologia Snappy permite formarea imaginii sistemului ca un \u00eentreg, f\u0103r\u0103 separarea \u00een pachete individuale.    <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen locul actualiz\u0103rilor treptate la nivelul pachetelor deb individuale, Ubuntu Core utilizeaz\u0103 un mecanism de actualizare atomic\u0103 a pachetelor snap \u0219i a sistemului de baz\u0103, similar cu Atomic, ChromeOS, Endless, CoreOS \u0219i Fedora Silverblue. \u00cen timpul actualiz\u0103rii mediului de baz\u0103 \u0219i a pachetelor snap, exist\u0103 posibilitatea de a reveni la o stare anterioar\u0103, \u00een cazul unor probleme ap\u0103rute dup\u0103 actualizare. \u00cen prezent, \u00een catalogul SnapCraft exist\u0103 peste 4.5 mii de pachete snap.    <\/p>\n<p>Pentru a asigura securitatea, fiecare component\u0103 a sistemului este verificat\u0103 prin semn\u0103tur\u0103 digital\u0103, ceea ce permite protejarea distribu\u021biei \u00eempotriva modific\u0103rilor ascunse sau instal\u0103rii pachetelor snap neverificate. Componentele livrate \u00een format Snap sunt izolate prin AppArmor \u0219i Seccomp, cre\u00e2nd un strat suplimentar de protec\u021bie a sistemului \u00een cazul compromiterii aplica\u021biilor individuale. Sistemul de baz\u0103 include doar un set minim de aplica\u021bii necesare, ceea ce nu doar c\u0103 a redus dimensiunea mediu sistemului, ci a avut un impact pozitiv asupra securit\u0103\u021bii prin reducerea posibilelor vectori de atac.    <\/p>\n<p>Sistemul de fi\u0219iere de baz\u0103 este montat \u00een modul doar pentru citire. Exist\u0103 posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii cript\u0103rii datelor pe unitate utiliz\u00e2nd TPM. Actualiz\u0103rile sunt lansate \u00een mod regulat, livrate prin OTA (over-the-air) \u0219i sincronizate cu compunerea Ubuntu 22.04. Pentru a minimiza traficul, actualiz\u0103rile sunt livrate \u00eentr-o form\u0103 comprimat\u0103 \u0219i includ doar modific\u0103rile fa\u021b\u0103 de ultima actualizare (actualiz\u0103ri delta). Automatizarea instal\u0103rii actualiz\u0103rilor rezolv\u0103 problemele de men\u021binere a securit\u0103\u021bii sistemului utilizat pe dispozitive \u00eencorporate.     <\/p>\n<p>Datorit\u0103 separ\u0103rii logice a sistemului de baz\u0103 de aplica\u021bii, mentenan\u021ba bazei de cod Ubuntu Core este realizat\u0103 de dezvoltatorii Ubuntu, \u00een timp ce actualizarea aplica\u021biilor suplimentare este gestionat\u0103 de dezvoltatorii aplica\u021biilor. Aceast\u0103 abordare permite reducerea costurilor de \u00eentre\u021binere a produselor al c\u0103ror mediu software se bazeaz\u0103 pe Ubuntu Core, deoarece produc\u0103torii lor nu trebuie s\u0103 se ocupe de lansarea \u0219i livrarea actualiz\u0103rilor de sistem \u0219i se pot concentra doar asupra componentelor lor specifice.    <\/p>\n<p>Nout\u0103\u021bi principale:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost propus\u0103 o concep\u021bie de seturi de pachete validate (Validation sets), care permite definirea unui set de pachete snap \u0219i versiunile acestora care pot fi instalate \u0219i actualizate doar \u00eempreun\u0103. Seturile validate pot fi aplicate pentru a implementa restric\u021bii care permit instalarea doar a anumitor pachete snap, distribu\u021bia propriilor pachete testate \u0219i validate suplimentar, sau pentru simplificarea gestion\u0103rii dependen\u021belor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate instrumente pentru actualizarea mediului Ubuntu Core 20 la versiunea 22 f\u0103r\u0103 reinstalare.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat\u0103 posibilitatea reset\u0103rii configura\u021biei la starea ini\u021bial\u0103 (factory reset).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost oferit\u0103 suport pentru grupuri de cotele pentru limitarea resurselor CPU \u0219i memorie \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu anumite grupuri de servicii snap.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru instrumentele MicroK8s, care ofer\u0103 o variant\u0103 simplificat\u0103 a platformei de orchestrare a containerelor Kubernetes.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost propus\u0103 o variant\u0103 de pachet cu kernel Linux, care include patch-uri PREEMPT_RT \u0219i este orientat\u0103 spre aplicarea \u00een sistemele care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een timp real.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru instrumentele MAAS (Metal-as-a-Service) pentru desf\u0103\u0219urarea rapid\u0103 a configura\u021biilor pe mai multe sisteme.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport cloud-init pentru configurarea sistemului \u00een timpul etapei de \u00eenc\u0103rcare.        <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57362\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Canonical \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ubuntu Core 22, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439 (IoT), \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. Ubuntu Core \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 deb-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b Ubuntu Core 22, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 Ubuntu 22.04, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Canonical \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ubuntu Core 22, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f 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industrial.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/dostupen-monolitnyj-distributiv-ubuntu-core-22","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"ro_RO","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 Ubuntu Core 22 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Canonical \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 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