{"id":104757,"date":"2022-08-02T15:37:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-02T13:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-36"},"modified":"2022-08-02T15:37:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T13:37:00","slug":"vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-36","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-36","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea bibliotecii sistemului Glibc 2.36","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dup\u0103 \u0219ase luni de dezvoltare, a fost lansat\u0103 versiunea bibliotecii de sistem GNU C Library (glibc) 2.36, care respect\u0103 pe deplin cerin\u021bele standardelor ISO C11 \u0219i POSIX.1-2017. Noua versiune include corec\u021bii de la 59 de dezvoltatori.     <\/p>\n<p>\u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile realizate \u00een Glibc 2.36 includ:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru noul format de mutare relativ\u0103 a adreselor DT_RELR (mutare relativ\u0103), care permite reducerea dimensiunii mut\u0103rilor relative \u00een obiectele partajate \u0219i fi\u0219ierele executabile, compuse \u00een modul PIE (executabile independente de pozi\u021bie). Pentru a utiliza c\u00e2mpul DT_RELR \u00een fi\u0219ierele ELF, este necesar suportul op\u021biunii &#171;-z pack-relative-relocs&#187; \u00een linker, disponibil din versiunea 2.38 a setului binutils.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru platforma Linux, au fost implementate func\u021biile pidfd_open, pidfd_getfd \u0219i pidfd_send_signal, care ofer\u0103 acces la func\u021bionalitatea pidfd, ajut\u00e2nd la gestionarea situa\u021biilor de reutilizare a PID pentru o identificare mai precis\u0103 a proceselor care acceseaz\u0103 fi\u0219ierele monitorizate (pidfd este legat de un anumit proces \u0219i nu se schimb\u0103, \u00een timp ce PID poate fi reasociat cu un alt proces dup\u0103 finalizarea procesului curent asociat cu acest PID).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru platforma Linux a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 func\u021bia process_madvise(), care permite unui proces s\u0103 efectueze apelul de sistem madvise() \u00een numele altui proces, identific\u00e2nd procesul \u021bint\u0103 prin intermediul pidfd. Prin madvise(), se poate informa nucleul despre particularit\u0103\u021bile gestion\u0103rii memoriei pentru a optimiza managementul memoriei procesului, de exemplu, pe baza informa\u021biilor transmise, nucleul poate ini\u021bia eliberarea suplimentar\u0103 a memoriei libere. Apelul madvise() din alt proces poate fi necesar \u00een situa\u021bia \u00een care informa\u021biile necesare optimiz\u0103rii nu sunt cunoscute de procesul curent, fiind coordonate de un proces gestionator \u00een fundal, care poate ini\u021bia independent extragerea memoriei neutilizate de la procese.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru platforma Linux a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 func\u021bia process_mrelease(), care permite accelerarea eliber\u0103rii memoriei procesului care \u00ee\u0219i \u00eencheie execu\u021bia. \u00cen condi\u021bii normale, eliberarea resurselor \u0219i \u00eenchiderea procesului nu se realizeaz\u0103 instantaneu \u0219i poate fi \u00eent\u00e2rziat\u0103 din diverse motive, ceea ce afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea sistemelor de r\u0103spuns rapid la lipsa de memorie, cum ar fi oomd (furnizat \u00een systemd). Prin apelarea func\u021biei process_mrelease, aceste sisteme pot ini\u021bia mai previzibil returnarea memoriei de la procesele terminate for\u021bat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementarea \u00eencorporat\u0103 a rezolvatorului DNS a fost extins\u0103 cu suportul op\u021biunii &#171;no-aaaa&#187;, care permite, pentru simplificarea diagnosticului problemelor, dezactivarea trimiterii de cereri DNS pentru \u00eenregistr\u0103rile AAAA (determina\u021bia adresei IPv6 pe baza numelui gazdei), inclusiv atunci c\u00e2nd se execut\u0103 func\u021bii NSS, cum ar fi getaddrinfo(). Op\u021biunea nu afecteaz\u0103 procesarea leg\u0103turilor adreselor IPv6 definite \u00een \/etc\/hosts \u0219i apelurile getaddrinfo() cu flagul AI_PASSIVE.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru platforma Linux au fost ad\u0103ugate func\u021biile fsopen, fsmount, move_mount, fsconfig, fspick, open_tree \u0219i mount_setattr, care ofer\u0103 acces la un nou API al nucleului pentru gestionarea mont\u0103rii sistemelor de fi\u0219iere cu respectarea spa\u021biilor numelui punctelor de montare (mount namespaces). Func\u021biile propuse permit gestionarea separat\u0103 a diferitelor etape de montare (prelucrarea superblocului, ob\u021binerea de informa\u021bii despre FS, montarea, ata\u0219area la punctul de montare), care anterior erau executate printr-o func\u021bie comun\u0103 mount(). Func\u021biile separate permit realizarea unor scenarii de montare mai complexe \u0219i efectuarea separat\u0103 a unor opera\u021bii, cum ar fi reconfigurarea superblocului, activarea op\u021biunilor, modificarea punctului de montare \u0219i mutarea \u00eentr-un alt spa\u021biu de nume. \u00cen plus, prelucrarea separat\u0103 permite identificarea exact\u0103 a motivelor erorilor \u0219i stabilirea de mai multe surse pentru FS stratificate, cum ar fi overlayfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen localedef a fost implementat suport pentru procesarea fi\u0219ierelor cu defini\u021bii de locale furnizate \u00een codificarea UTF-8 \u00een loc de ASCII.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate func\u021bii pentru conversia codific\u0103rilor pe mai multe byte, mbrtoc8 \u0219i c8rtomb, conform specifica\u021biilor ISO C2X N2653 \u0219i C++20 P0482R6.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru tipul char8_t, definit \u00een schi\u021ba standardului ISO C2X N2653.\n<li class=\"l\"> Func\u021bii noi arc4random, arc4random_buf \u0219i arc4random_uniform au fost ad\u0103ugate, oferind un apel de sistem pentru getrandom \u0219i interfa\u021ba \/dev\/urandom, return\u00e2nd numere pseudo-aleatoare de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pe platforma Linux, a fost implementat suportul pentru arhitectura setului de instruc\u021biuni LoongArch, utilizat\u0103 \u00een procesoarele Loongson 3 5000 \u0219i care implementeaz\u0103 un nou ISA RISC, similar cu MIPS \u0219i RISC-V. \u00cen versiunea actual\u0103, este disponibil doar suportul pentru varianta pe 64 de bi\u021bi LoongArch (LA64). Este necesar\u0103 minim versiunea binutils 2.38, GCC 12 \u0219i kernel Linux 5.19.\n<li class=\"l\">  Mecanismul prelink a fost declarat \u00eenvechit \u0219i va fi eliminat \u00een urm\u0103toarea versiune, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu variabilele de mediu asociate LD_TRACE_PRELINKING \u0219i LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS \u0219i func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile linker-ului.\n<li class=\"l\"> Codul pentru verificarea versiunii kernel-ului Linux \u0219i prelucr\u0103rile variabilei de mediu LD_ASSUME_KERNEL a fost eliminat. Versiunea minim acceptat\u0103 a kernel-ului la compilarea Glibc este determinat\u0103 prin c\u00e2mpul ELF NT_GNU_ABI_TAG.\n<li class=\"l\"> Suportul pentru variabila de mediu LD_LIBRARY_VERSION a fost eliminat pe platforma Linux.  <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57585\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 GNU C Library (glibc) 2.36, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 ISO C11 \u0438 POSIX.1-2017. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 59 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0418\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 Glibc 2.36 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 DT_RELR (relative relocation), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com 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