Comunitatea Linux Containers a publicat versiunea 6.0 a instrumentului pentru organizarea func\u021bion\u0103rii containerelor izolate LXC, oferind un runtime potrivit at\u00e2t pentru rularea containerelor cu un mediu de sistem complet, asem\u0103n\u0103toare ma\u0219inilor virtuale, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru executarea containerelor neprivilegiate ale aplica\u021biilor individuale (OCI). LXC se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een instrumentele de nivel inferior, func\u021bion\u00e2nd la nivelul containerelor individuale. Pentru gestionarea centralizat\u0103 a containerelor desf\u0103\u0219urate \u00eentr-un cluster de mai multe servere, sunt dezvoltate sisteme precum Incus \u0219i LXD bazate pe LXC. Rama LXC 6.0 este clasat\u0103 ca o versiune suportat\u0103 pe termen lung, actualiz\u0103rile pentru care sunt oferite timp de 5 ani (p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2029). Codul LXC este scris \u00een C \u0219i este distribuit sub licen\u021ba GPLv2. <\/p>\n
LXC include biblioteca liblxc, un set de utilitare (lxc-create, lxc-start, lxc-stop, lxc-ls etc.), \u0219abloane pentru crearea containerelor \u0219i un set de leg\u0103turi pentru diferite limbaje de programare. Izola\u021bia este realizat\u0103 cu ajutorul mecanismelor standard ale nucleului Linux. Pentru izolarea proceselor, stivei de re\u021bea ipc, uts, identificatorilor de utilizator \u0219i punctelor de montare se utilizeaz\u0103 mecanismul spa\u021biilor de nume (namespaces). Pentru limitarea resurselor se aplic\u0103 cgroups. Pentru reducerea privilegiilor \u0219i limitarea accesului sunt folosite func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile nucleului precum profilurile Apparmor \u0219i SELinux, politicile Seccomp, Chroots (pivot_root) \u0219i capabilities. <\/p>\n
Modific\u0103ri principale: <\/p>\n
De asemenea, a fost lansat\u0103 versiunea proiectului Incus, \u00een cadrul c\u0103ruia comunitatea Linux Containers dezvolt\u0103 un fork al sistemului de gestionare a containerelor LXD, creat de vechea echip\u0103 de dezvoltare care a creat c\u00e2ndva LXD. Codul Incus este scris \u00een Go \u0219i este distribuit sub licen\u021ba Apache 2.0. Incus 6.0 este pozi\u021bionat ca prima ramur\u0103 stabil\u0103 pentru care va fi asigurat un ciclu lung de actualiz\u0103ri (LTS). \u00centre modific\u0103rile din Incus 6.0 se num\u0103r\u0103 posibilitatea de a crea interfe\u021be de re\u021bea prin API bridge.external_interfaces, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea suportului pentru autenticare prin JWT (JSON Web Token), suport pentru USB \u0219i afi\u0219area informa\u021biilor detaliate despre sistem \u00een comanda «incus info \u2014resources», suport pentru versiunea LXD 5.21 \u00een utilitarul lxd-to-incus. <\/p>\n
Incus \u0219i LXD ofer\u0103 instrumente pentru gestionarea centralizat\u0103 a containerelor \u0219i ma\u0219inilor virtuale, desf\u0103\u0219urate at\u00e2t pe un singur host, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00eentr-un cluster format din mai multe. servere<\/a>Proiectul este implementat ca un proces \u00een fundal, care prime\u0219te cereri prin re\u021bea prin REST API \u0219i suport\u0103 diferite backend-uri de stocare (arbore de directoare, ZFS, Btrfs, LVM), snapshots cu un instantaneu de stare, migrarea live a containerelor func\u021bionale de pe o ma\u0219in\u0103 pe alta \u0219i instrumente pentru stocarea imaginilor containerelor. Ca runtime pentru lansarea containerelor, se folose\u0219te instrumentarul LXC. Izolarea este realizat\u0103 prin mecanismele standard ale kernel-ului Linux (spa\u021bii de nume, cgroups, Apparmor, SELinux, Seccomp). <\/p>\n Comunitatea Linux Containers a g\u00e2ndit dezvoltarea LXD \u00eenainte ca compania Canonical s\u0103 decid\u0103 s\u0103 transforme LXD \u00eentr-un proiect corporativ. Scopul fork-ului este de a oferi o alternativ\u0103 gestionat\u0103 de o comunitate independent\u0103 pentru proiectul LXD, controlat de compania Canonical. Crearea Incus a permis, de asemenea, remedierea unor erori conceptuale ap\u0103rute la dezvoltarea LXD, care anterior nu puteau fi corectate f\u0103r\u0103 a afecta compatibilitatea retroactiv\u0103. <\/p>\n Compania Canonical a publicat o nou\u0103 versiune a sistemului de gestionare a containerelor LXD 5.21.1. Ramura LXD 5.21 este marcat\u0103 ca LTS \u0219i va fi sus\u021binut\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een iunie 2029. Codul ad\u0103ugat \u00een LXD de c\u0103tre angaja\u021bii Canonical este furnizat sub licen\u021ba AGPLv3, dar codul participan\u021bilor ter\u021bi, asupra c\u0103ruia Canonical nu de\u021bine drepturi de proprietate, r\u0103m\u00e2ne sub Apache 2.0. Printre modific\u0103rile func\u021bionale aduse \u00een LXD 5.21.1 se num\u0103r\u0103 migrarea pachetului snap LXD pe ramurile LXC 6.0 \u0219i LXCFS 6.0. API-ul a fost extins cu storage_volumes_all \u0219i un handler asociat \/1.0\/storage_volumes pentru a genera o list\u0103 cu toate parti\u021biile de stocare. A fost ad\u0103ugat \u0219i storage_volumes_modify_permissions pentru a modifica prin API drepturile de acces la fi\u0219ierele existente. <\/p>\n Este disponibil\u0103 versiunea 6.0 a sistemului de fi\u0219iere virtual LXCFS, utilizat pentru simularea \u00een containere a pseudo-fi\u0219ierelor sistemului \/proc \u0219i \/sys, precum \u0219i pentru o reprezentare virtualizat\u0103 a cgroupfs pentru distribu\u021biile f\u0103r\u0103 suport pentru spa\u021biile de nume cgroup. \u00cen noua versiune a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea «\u2014enable-cgroup», care permite gestionarea activ\u0103rii func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii integrate pentru crearea unui arbore virtual cgroupfs pentru containere, folosind cgroupv1 (\u00een prezent, majoritatea distribu\u021biilor suport\u0103 spa\u021biile de nume oferite de kernel pentru cgroup, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t activarea implicit\u0103 a unei implement\u0103ri alternative integrate a pierdut sensul \u0219i acum este op\u021bional\u0103). \u00cen plus, \u00een LXCFS 6.0 a fost oprit\u0103 filtrarea CPU la generarea fi\u0219ierului \/sys\/devices\/system\/cpu, \u00een func\u021bie de starea online\/offline. \u0421\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e Linux Containers \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 LXC 6.0, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 runtime, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (OCI). LXC \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u0437 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Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"