{"id":119956,"date":"2024-09-27T09:43:04","date_gmt":"2024-09-27T07:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/udalyonno-ekspluatiruemye-uyazvimosti-v-servere-pechati-cups"},"modified":"2024-09-27T09:43:04","modified_gmt":"2024-09-27T07:43:04","slug":"udalyonno-ekspluatiruemye-uyazvimosti-v-servere-pechati-cups","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/udalyonno-ekspluatiruemye-uyazvimosti-v-servere-pechati-cups","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi exploatabile de la distan\u021b\u0103 \u00een serverul de imprimare CUPS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Simone Margaritelli, autorul firewall-ului OpenSnitch \u0219i al analizadorului de re\u021bea bettercap, a dezv\u0103luit prematur informa\u021bii despre vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile critice anun\u021bate anterior, care permit atacuri la distan\u021b\u0103 asupra distribu\u021biilor GNU\/Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD \u0219i anumitor alte sisteme BSD. Publicarea ini\u021bial\u0103 a fost planificat\u0103 pentru 6 octombrie, dar din cauza scurgerii de informa\u021bii, datele au fost publicate anticipat, \u00eenainte ca majoritatea distribu\u021biilor s\u0103 aib\u0103 timp s\u0103 preg\u0103teasc\u0103 actualiz\u0103rile pachetelor. Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile vizeaz\u0103 serverul de imprimare CUPS \u0219i permit executarea de cod \u00een sistem la distan\u021b\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a necesita autentificare.    <\/p>\n<p>Cercet\u0103torul care a identificat problema a preg\u0103tit un prototip func\u021bional al exploit-ului, utiliz\u00e2nd o combina\u021bie de mai multe vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi, care permite execu\u021bia de cod de la distan\u021b\u0103 cu drepturile procesului de gestionare a lucr\u0103rilor de imprimare CUPS (de obicei, utilizatorul &#171;lp&#187;). Exploitul permite \u00eenlocuirea discret\u0103 a parametrilor imprimantei utilizatorului sau ad\u0103ugarea unei noi imprimante legate de un server IPP atacant care ofer\u0103 o descriere PPD special formatat\u0103. Procesarea acestui PPD \u00een timpul ini\u021bierii lucr\u0103rii de imprimare duce la executarea codului atacant (este necesar ca victima s\u0103 ini\u021bieze imprimarea pe imprimanta falsificat\u0103 sau \u00eenlocuit\u0103 de atacator).        <\/p>\n<p>Sistemele cu <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serverul\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3090\">serverul<\/a> imprimarea CUPS \u0219i cu procesul cups-browsed activat, care accept\u0103 conexiuni de re\u021bea pe portul 631 (UDP) sunt vulnerabile. Atacul poate fi, de asemenea, efectuat din re\u021beaua local\u0103, \u00een care se utilizeaz\u0103 protocoale pentru imprimare, cum ar fi zeroconf, mDNS sau DNS-SD. Sunt vulnerabile doar configura\u021biile cups-browsed \u00een care \u00een fi\u0219ierul \/etc\/cups\/cups-browsed.conf, parametrul BrowseRemoteProtocols are valoarea \u00abcups\u00bb. \u00cen distribu\u021biile cu systemd, se poate verifica utilizarea serviciului cups-browsed cu comanda \u00absudo systemctl status cups-browsed\u00bb. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-shicago\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2943\">server<\/a> Pentru imprimare se folosesc protocoalele zeroconf, mDNS sau DNS-SD. Sunt vulnerabile doar configura\u021biile cups-browsed \u00een care parametrul BrowseRemoteProtocols din fi\u0219ierul \/etc\/cups\/cups-browsed.conf este setat la valoarea &#171;cups&#187;. \u00cen distribu\u021biile cu systemd, se poate verifica utilizarea serviciului cups-browsed cu comanda &#171;sudo systemctl status cups-browsed&#187;.          <\/p>\n<p>Vulnerabilitatea se manifest\u0103 \u00een toate sistemele de imprimare bazate pe CUPS care utilizeaz\u0103 versiuni vulnerabile ale pachetelor cups-filters, libcupsfilters, libppd \u0219i cups-browsed. Corec\u021biile sunt disponibile momentan doar sub form\u0103 de patch-uri (1, 2, 3) \u2014 versiunile actuale cups-filters 2.0.1, libcupsfilters 2.1b1, libppd 2.1b1 \u0219i cups-browsed 2.0.1 sunt vulnerabile. \u00cen distribu\u021biile problema r\u0103m\u00e2ne nerezolvat\u0103; actualiz\u0103rile pot fi urm\u0103rite pe paginile urm\u0103toare: Debian, Ubuntu, RHEL, SUSE\/openSUSE, Fedora, Arch, FreeBSD. Ca o solu\u021bie temporar\u0103 de protec\u021bie, p\u00e2n\u0103 la instalarea actualiz\u0103rii, se poate restric\u021biona accesul la portul UDP 631 pentru re\u021bele externe, se poate dezactiva serviciul cups-browsed sau se poate seta parametrul BrowseRemoteProtocols la valoarea &#171;none&#187;.      <\/p>\n<p>Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile identificate:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-47176 \u2014 vulnerabilitate \u00een procesul cups-browsed, care creeaz\u0103 un socket de re\u021bea, accept\u00e2nd conexiuni pe portul 631, legat de toate interfe\u021bele de re\u021bea disponibile \u00een sistem \u0219i primind cereri IPP &#171;Get-Printer-Attributes&#187; din orice sistem extern. Prin manipularea acestui serviciu, se poate ad\u0103uga \u00een sistem o imprimant\u0103 controlat\u0103 de atacator \u0219i exploata prin transmiterea configur\u0103rii PPD vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi din alte componente CUPS.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-47177 \u2014 vulnerabilitate \u00een procesorul foomatic-rip din setul cups-filters, care permite executarea de cod prin transmiterea parametrului FoomaticRIPCommandLine \u00een fi\u0219ierul PPD, pe care atacatorul \u00eel poate transmite datorit\u0103 vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bii men\u021bionate anterior \u00een cups-browsed. Comenzile shell specificate \u00een parametrul FoomaticRIPCommandLine sunt executate ca atare, f\u0103r\u0103 a \u021bine cont de faptul c\u0103 parametrul poate fi setat de o parte str\u0103in\u0103. De exemplu, pentru a scrie \u00eentr-un fi\u0219ier \/tmp\/VULNERABLE, se poate specifica \u201eFoomaticRIPCommandLine: \u201eecho 1 &gt; \/tmp\/VULNERABLE\u201d.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-47175 \u2014 vulnerabilitate \u00een libppd, cauzat\u0103 de lipsa verific\u0103rii corectitudinii valorii ppdCreatePPDFromIPP2 \u00een timp ce se scriu atributele IPP \u00een fi\u0219ierul PPD temporar. Problema permite substituirea datelor arbitrare \u00een fi\u0219ierul final PPD prin ata\u0219area atributelor, utiliz\u00e2nd caracterul de \u00eentoarcere la linia nou\u0103. De exemplu, se poate ocoli verificarea \u0219i, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu atributele permise, se poate ata\u0219a atributul FoomaticRIPCommandLine pentru exploatarea vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bii men\u021bionate anterior \u00een cups-filters.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-47076 \u2014 vulnerabilitate \u00een biblioteca libcupsfilters din pachetul cups-filters, legat\u0103 de lipsa verific\u0103rii valorilor cfGetPrinterAttributes5, returnate de un server IPP extern, ceea ce le ofer\u0103 atacatorilor posibilitatea de a organiza procesarea atributelor IPP arbitrare \u00een alte subsisteme CUPS, de exemplu, \u00een timpul gener\u0103rii fi\u0219ierelor PPD.      <\/ul>\n<p>Scenariul atacului pe CUPS se rezum\u0103 la urm\u0103torii pa\u0219i:    <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dezvoltarea de c\u0103tre atacator a propriului server IPP.\n<li class=\"l\"> Trimiterea victimei a unui pachet UDP cu un link c\u0103tre imprimanta asociat\u0103 serverului IPP rulat de atacator.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dup\u0103 primirea acestui pachet, sistemul victimei se conecteaz\u0103 la serverul IPP al atacatorului \u0219i solicit\u0103 atributele imprimantei.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen r\u0103spunsul la cererea victimei, serverul IPP al atacatorului returneaz\u0103 un fi\u0219ier PPD cu atribute, printre care se indic\u0103 \u0219i atributul FoomaticRIPCommandLine. Acest atribut este ata\u0219at la unul dintre atributele permise, utiliz\u00e2nd simbolul \u201e\n\u201d \u00eentr-o linie (de exemplu, \u201ecupsPrivacyURI: \u201ehttps:\/\/www.google.com\/\n*FoomaticRIPCommandLine: \u201e), ceea ce permite ocolirea verific\u0103rii \u0219i duce la salvarea FoomaticRIPCommandLine ca atribut separat \u00een fi\u0219ierul temporar.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ca urmare a proces\u0103rii atributelor transmise \u00een sistemul victimei, se creeaz\u0103 un fi\u0219ier PPD: \u2026 *cupsSNMPSupplies: False *cupsLanguages: \u201een\u201d *cupsPrivacyURI: \u201ehttps:\/\/www.google.com\/\u201d *FoomaticRIPCommandLine: \u201eecho 1 &gt; \/tmp\/I_AM_VULNERABLE\u201d *cupsFilter2: \u201eapplication\/pdf application\/vnd.cups-postscript 0 foomatic-rip\u201d *cupsSingleFile: True *cupsFilter2: \u201eapplication\/vnd.cups-pdf application\/pdf 0 -\u201d \u2026\n<li class=\"l\"> La tip\u0103rirea pe imprimanta substituit\u0103 de atacator \u00een sistemul victimei, comanda \u201eecho 1 &gt; \/tmp\/I_AM_VULNERABLE\u201d va fi executat\u0103.   <\/ul>\n<p>          <center>  <video controls=\"\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 600px; max-width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/www.evilsocket.net\/images\/2024\/cups1\/exploit.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video>  <\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Cercet\u0103torul care a identificat vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile men\u021bioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 i-a luat c\u00e2teva zile pentru a g\u0103si vulnerabilitatea, dar apoi a urmat o coresponden\u021b\u0103 prelungit\u0103 de 22 de zile cu dezvoltatorii proiectului OpenPrinting, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103-i conving\u0103 de importan\u021ba problemei \u0219i necesitatea preg\u0103tirii unor patch-uri. Discu\u021bia s-a \u00eempotmolit \u00een dispute despre dac\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 corecteze aceste probleme, iar situa\u021bia a putut fi \u00eentoars\u0103 doar prin ridicarea unui hype public legat de descoperirea problemei critice. Este interesant \u0219i faptul c\u0103 a avut loc o scurgere de informa\u021bii, \u00een timpul c\u0103reia raportul confiden\u021bial \u0219i exploatul trimise la CERT au ap\u0103rut pe forumul breachforums.st, fiind accesibile public, \u00een ciuda embargoului impus asupra divulg\u0103rii informa\u021biilor.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61942\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0438 (Simone Margaritelli), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 OpenSnitch \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 bettercap, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b GNU\/Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 BSD-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0418\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 6 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0438 (Simone Margaritelli), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 OpenSnitch \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 bettercap, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e 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