{"id":120438,"date":"2024-10-31T19:09:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T17:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-bubblewrap-0-11-proslojki-dlya-sozdaniya-izolirovannyh-okruzhenij"},"modified":"2024-10-31T19:09:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T17:09:22","slug":"vypusk-bubblewrap-0-11-proslojki-dlya-sozdaniya-izolirovannyh-okruzhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vypusk-bubblewrap-0-11-proslojki-dlya-sozdaniya-izolirovannyh-okruzhenij","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea Bubblewrap 0.11, un strat pentru crearea de medii izolate","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A ap\u0103rut o nou\u0103 versiune a instrumentarului pentru organizarea lucrului \u00een medii izolate, Bubblewrap 0.11, folosit pentru restric\u021bionarea aplica\u021biilor utilizatorilor neprivilegia\u021bi. \u00cen practic\u0103, Bubblewrap este utilizat de proiectul Flatpak ca un strat de izolare pentru aplica\u021biile lansate din pachete. Izolarea folose\u0219te tehnologii tradi\u021bionale de virtualizare a containerelor \u00een Linux, bazate pe utilizarea cgroup-urilor, spa\u021biilor de nume (namespaces), Seccomp \u0219i SELinux. Codul proiectului este scris \u00een limbajul C \u0219i este distribuit sub licen\u021ba LGPLv2+.    <\/p>\n<p>Izolarea la nivel de sistem de fi\u0219iere se realizeaz\u0103 prin crearea, \u00een mod implicit, a unui nou spa\u021biu de nume pentru punctele de montare (mount namespace), \u00een care, cu ajutorul tmpfs, se creeaz\u0103 un sistem de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 gol. \u00cen aceast\u0103 parti\u021bie, se pot ata\u0219a, dac\u0103 este necesar, parti\u021bii externe \u00een modul \u201emount \u2014bind\u201d (de exemplu, la pornirea cu op\u021biunea \u201ebwrap \u2014ro-bind \/usr \/usr\u201d, parti\u021bia \/usr este trecut\u0103 din sistemul principal \u00een modul doar pentru citire). Capacit\u0103\u021bile de re\u021bea sunt limitate la accesul la interfa\u021ba loopback, cu izolarea stivei de re\u021bea prin flagurile CLONE_NEWNET \u0219i CLONE_NEWUTS.     <\/p>\n<p>Pentru excluderea tuturor identificatorilor inutili ai utilizatorilor \u0219i proceselor din mediu izolat creat, se pot utiliza modurile CLONE_NEWUSER (spa\u021biu de nume utilizator) \u0219i CLONE_NEWPID (spa\u021biu de nume PID), iar pentru a interzice ob\u021binerea de privilegii noi se aplic\u0103 modul PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS. Pe sistemele cu &#171;spa\u021biu de nume utilizator&#187;, Bubblewrap poate fi rulat sub un utilizator obi\u0219nuit, iar pe sistemele f\u0103r\u0103 &#171;spa\u021biu de nume utilizator&#187;, acesta poate fi folosit cu indicatorul suid root pentru a efectua ini\u021bializarea necesar\u0103 a mediului izolat.      <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen noua versiune:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost oferit\u0103 posibilitatea de a crea puncte de montare, \u00een care este utilizat\u0103 un sistem de fi\u0219iere monoplu OverlayFS, care combin\u0103 mai multe p\u0103r\u021bi ale altor sisteme de fi\u0219iere. Noi op\u021biuni de linie de comand\u0103 pentru gestionarea utiliz\u0103rii OverlayFS au fost propuse: &#171;&#8212;overlay&#187;, &#171;&#8212;tmp-overlay&#187;, &#171;&#8212;ro-overlay&#187; \u0219i &#171;&#8212;overlay-src&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea &#171;&#8212;level-prefix&#187; pentru a introduce \u00een ie\u0219irea de diagnosticare nivelul de prioritate \u00een stil syslog, permi\u021b\u00e2nd utilizarea unor utilitare precum &#171;logger&#187; \u0219i &#171;systemd-cat&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost oprit suportul pentru sistemul de construc\u021bie Autotools. Acum, pentru construc\u021bie este necesar instrumentarul Meson.    <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62149\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 Bubblewrap 0.11, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 Bubblewrap \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c Flatpak \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 cgroups, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d (namespaces), Seccomp \u0438 SELinux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 Bubblewrap 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