{"id":120567,"date":"2024-11-14T01:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T23:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/beta-vypusk-red-hat-enterprise-linux-10-i-reliz-rhel-9-5"},"modified":"2024-11-14T01:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T23:09:07","slug":"beta-vypusk-red-hat-enterprise-linux-10-i-reliz-rhel-9-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/beta-vypusk-red-hat-enterprise-linux-10-i-reliz-rhel-9-5","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea beta a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 \u0219i versiunea RHEL 9.5.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Compania Red Hat a lansat versiunea beta a distribu\u021biei Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 \u0219i versiunea Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.5. Imaginile de instalare sunt preg\u0103tite pentru utilizatorii \u00eenregistra\u021bi ai Red Hat Customer Portal (pentru evaluarea func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii pot fi folosite \u0219i imaginile ISO pentru CentOS Stream 10 \u0219i CentOS Stream 9.5, precum \u0219i versiunile gratuite ale RHEL pentru dezvoltatori). Repositoriile cu pachetele binare RHEL 10 sunt disponibile public. Lans\u0103rile sunt formate pentru arhitecturile x86_64, s390x (IBM System z), ppc64le \u0219i Aarch64 (ARM64). Lansarea RHEL 10 este a\u0219teptat\u0103 \u00een prima jum\u0103tate a anului viitor.          <\/p>\n<p>Ramura RHEL 10 folose\u0219te ca baz\u0103 cadrul de pachete CentOS Stream 10, care este pozi\u021bionat ca un proiect upstream pentru RHEL, oferind participan\u021bilor externa\u021bi posibilitatea de a controla preg\u0103tirea pachetelor pentru RHEL, de a propune modific\u0103rile lor \u0219i de a influen\u021ba deciziile acceptate. Conform ciclului de suport de 13 ani al distribu\u021biei RHEL, RHEL 10 va fi \u00eentre\u021binut p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2035, plus 3 ani de suport extins pl\u0103tit. Actualiz\u0103rile pentru RHEL 9 vor continua s\u0103 fie lansate p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii mai 2032, iar RHEL 8 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2029.      <\/p>\n<p>Codurile surs\u0103 ale pachetelor rpm RHEL 10 au fost publicate pentru desc\u0103rcare gratuit\u0103. Pachetele RHEL 9.5 nu sunt disponibile \u00een repositoriul public git.centos.org \u0219i sunt oferite clien\u021bilor companiei doar printr-o sec\u021biune privat\u0103 a site-ului, unde se aplic\u0103 un acord de licen\u021b\u0103 a utilizatorului (EULA) care interzice redistribu\u021bia datelor, ceea ce nu permite utilizarea acestor pachete pentru a crea distribu\u021bii derivate. Codurile surs\u0103 RHEL 9.5 r\u0103m\u00e2n disponibile \u00een repositoriul CentOS Stream, dar acesta nu este complet sincronizat cu RHEL, iar versiunile cele mai recente ale pachetelor nu coincid \u00eentotdeauna cu pachetele din RHEL. Rocky Linux, Oracle \u0219i SUSE reproduc codurile surs\u0103 ale pachetelor rpm ale lans\u0103rilor RHEL \u00een cadrul proiectului OpenELA.    <\/p>\n<p>Principalele schimb\u0103ri \u00een RHEL 10:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> C\u00e2nd se creeaz\u0103 utilizatori noi prin intermediul instalatorului Anaconda, ace\u0219tia primesc implicit drepturi de administrator (exist\u0103 o setare special\u0103 pentru dezactivarea acestui comportament). De asemenea, instalatorul ofer\u0103 o nou\u0103 interfa\u021b\u0103 pentru selectarea fusului orar. Pentru accesul la distan\u021b\u0103 la instalator, este utilizat protocolul RDP \u00een loc de VNC.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru algoritmi de criptare rezisten\u021bi la atacurile cuantice. Ace\u0219ti algoritmi sunt disponibili \u00een OpenSSL, OpenSSH \u0219i \u00een politicile criptografice de sistem (crypto-policies). \u00cen OpenSSL a fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru generarea fi\u0219ierelor cu certificate \u0219i chei \u00een format PKCS #12, conform cerin\u021belor FIPS. \u00cen loc de motorul openssl-pkcs11 a fost utilizat pkcs11-provider, care permite utilizarea cheilor hardware \u00een apache httpd, libssh, bind \u0219i alte aplica\u021bii care folosesc OpenSSL. Drepturile de acces la cheile SSH au fost modificate de la 0640 la 0600 (acces doar pentru proprietar). \u00cen GnuTLS a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru comprimarea certificatelor folosind metodele zlib, brotli \u0219i zstd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 GnuPG, a fost inclus instrumentul de linie de comand\u0103 Sequoia (utilitarele sq \u0219i sqv) care implementeaz\u0103 standardul OpenPGP (RFC-4880) \u00een limbajul Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen managerul de pachete DNF, desc\u0103rcarea metadatelor cu listele de fi\u0219iere incluse \u00een pachete (filelist) este dezactivat\u0103 implicit. Aceste date sunt utilizate rar, dar au o dimensiune mare \u0219i \u00eencetinesc opera\u021biunile. Pentru a lucra cu PGP \u00een DNF \u0219i RPM, este utilizat\u0103 biblioteca rpm-sequoia.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile pachetelor pentru dezvoltatori au fost actualizate: GCC 14.2, LLVM 18.1.8, Python 3.12, Ruby 3.3, OpenJDK 21, Rust 1.79.0, Go 1.22, Node.js 22, Perl 5.40, PHP 8.3, Git 2.45, Subversion 1.14, SystemTap 5.1, Valgrind 3.23.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele serverului au fost actualizate: OpenSSH 9.8, nginx 1.26, Apache HTTPD 2.4.62, Varnish Cache 7.4, Squid 6.10, MariaDB 10.11, MySQL 8.4, PostgreSQL 16, PCP 6.3.0, Grafana 10.2.6, libreswan 4.15, Pacemaker 2.1.8, 389-ds-base 3.0.4, Podman 5.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele sistemului au fost actualizate: kernel Linux 6.11, glibc 2.39, binutils 2.41, NSS 3.101, gnutls 3.8.7, polkit 125.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate noi pachete: tuned-ppd (\u00een locul power-profiles-daemon), libcpuid \u0219i dnsconfd (proces de fundal pentru cachingul DNS). Datorit\u0103 trecerii codului surs\u0103 al SGBD-ului Redis la o licen\u021b\u0103 proprietar\u0103, \u00een loc de Redis a fost propus un fork Valkey. \u00cen locul serverului DHCP ISC DHCP a fost folosit Kea DHCP. \u00cen loc de zlib a fost utilizat pachetul zlib-ng-compat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modul de selec\u021bie predictibil\u0103 a numelui pentru interfe\u021bele de re\u021bea (net.ifnames=1) este activat implicit. \u00cen NetworkManager, pentru IPv4, a fost activat mecanismul de detectare a duplicatelor. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"adreselor IP\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"875\">adreselor IP<\/a> DAD (Duplicate Address Detection) pentru a preveni alocarea acelea\u0219i adrese IP pe diferite sisteme din re\u021beaua local\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen imaginile de disc (de exemplu, \u00een imaginile de sistem pentru AWS \u0219i KVM) utilizarea unei parti\u021bii separate \/boot a fost abandonat\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suport experimental pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere Composefs, implementat ca o suprastructur\u0103 peste FS OverlayFS \u0219i EROFS, optimizat pentru stocarea eficient\u0103 a con\u021binutului mai multor imagini de disc montate.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost oferit suport experimental (Technology Preview) pentru AMD SEV, SEV-SNP \u0219i SEV-ES \u00een hypervisorul KVM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Instrumentarul SELinux care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului (libsepol, libselinux, libsemanage, policycoreutils, checkpolicy, mcstrans) a fost actualizat la versiunea 3.7, care implementeaz\u0103 parametrul \u201eaudit2allow -C\u201d pentru a produce ie\u0219iri \u00een format CIL (Common Intermediate Language). Utilitarul sandbox a inclus suport pentru protocolul Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Componenta Keylime a fost extins\u0103 cu suport pentru identificarea dispozitivelor prin IDevID (Identity Device Ini\u021bial\u0103) \u0219i IAK (Cheia de Atesta\u021bie Ini\u021bial\u0103), \u0219i protocolul TLS 1.3 este activat implicit.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen consola web a fost propus un nou manager de fi\u0219iere (pachetul cockpit-files) care permite gestionarea fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i directoarelor.  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea beta a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 \u0219i versiunea RHEL 9.5.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/84e0b400847577594ee1d4b2127a67da.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen serverul de imprimare CUPS, func\u021bionarea \u00een modurile mDNS \u0219i broadcast, implicate \u00een vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile recent descoperite, este dezactivat\u0103 \u00een mod implicit.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen glibc au fost incluse variante ale func\u021biilor memcpy \u0219i memmove, optimizate pentru procesoarele AMD Zen 3 \u0219i Zen 4.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a trecut la livrarea Firefox \u0219i Thunderbird \u00een pachete \u00een format Flatpak.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen sesiunea clasic\u0103 GNOME, a fost ad\u0103ugat un mod de vizualizare pentru a vedea ferontele deschise, care era disponibil anterior doar \u00een sesiunea standard GNOME.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un num\u0103r mare de noi drivere, printre care driverele pentru acceleratorul \u00eencorporat \u00een procesoarele Intel QAT (QuickAssist Technology), care ofer\u0103 instrumente pentru accelerarea calculelor utilizate \u00een comprimare \u0219i criptare.\n<li class=\"l\"> Livrarea pachetelor a fost \u00eentrerupt\u0103: sendmail (se recomand\u0103 trecerea la postfix), redis, dhcp, dhcp-client, mod_security (mutat \u00een EPEL), spamassassin (mutat \u00een EPEL), xsane, runc.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele squashfs \u0219i wget, precum \u0219i interfe\u021bele utmp \u0219i utmpx din glibc au fost declarate \u00eenvechite.          <\/ul>\n<p>Principalele modific\u0103ri \u00een RHEL 9.5:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele pentru dezvoltatori au fost actualizate: GCC 11.5, Node.js 22, GCC Toolset 14, LLVM Toolset 18.1.8, Rust Toolset 1.79.0, Go Toolset 1.22, OpenJDK 17, GDB 14.2, Valgrind 3.23.0, SystemTap 5.1, elfutils 0.191, libabigail 2.5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile pachetelor de sistem au fost actualizate: OpenSSL 3.2.2, NSS 3.101, clevis 20, ipa 4.12.0, Podman 5.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele serverului au fost actualizate: Apache HTTPD 2.4.62, BIND 9.18, PCP 6.2.2, Grafana 10.2.6, libreswan 4.15, PostgreSQL 16, samba 4.20.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 un rol sistemic nou pentru gestionarea \u0219i configurarea sudo. Rolul snapshot a fost extins pentru a include suport pentru gestionarea snapshot-urilor \u00een pool-ul LVM. Capacit\u0103\u021bile rolurilor postfix, podman, ssh, network, nbde_client, journald, logging \u0219i storage au fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite.\n<li class=\"l\"> Serviciile nbdkit \u0219i bootupd au fost trecute sub protec\u021bia SELinux. A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru executarea comenzilor sub protec\u021bia SELinux prin QEMU Guest Agent.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru migrarea live a ma\u0219inilor virtuale care au vGPU NVIDIA.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru consola web a fost propus pachetul cockpit-files cu implementarea unui manager de fi\u0219iere.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen NetworkManager a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru conectarea la IPsec <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"260\">VPN<\/a> utiliz\u00e2nd adrese IPv6.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost permis\u0103 utilizarea simultan\u0103 a serviciilor firewalld \u0219i nftables.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere Composefs.\n<li class=\"l\"> La compilarea CPython \u00een GCC, a fost inclus modul de optimizare \u201e-O3\u201d, ceea ce a permis cre\u0219terea performan\u021bei Python cu aproximativ 4%.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru Glibc a fost implementat modul \u201eGLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.prefer_map_32bit_exec=1\u201d, care permite plasarea obiectelor dinamice \u00een spa\u021biul de adrese nu aleatoriu, ci foarte aproape unul de cel\u0103lalt, ceea ce permite \u00een unele configura\u021bii ob\u021binerea unei cre\u0219teri a performan\u021bei \u00een schimbul sc\u0103derii protec\u021biei ASLR. \u00cen glibc sunt incluse variante ale func\u021biilor memcpy \u0219i memmove, optimizate pentru procesoarele AMD Zen 3 \u0219i Zen 4.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementarea subsistemului eBPF a fost sincronizat\u0103 cu nuclee Linux 6.8 (\u00een versiunea anterioar\u0103 a fost utilizat\u0103 implementarea eBPF din nucleul Linux 6.6).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere tmpfs, utilizat \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit pentru partitia \/tmp, a fost implementat suport pentru cotele pe disc.\n<li class=\"l\"> OpenSSL a ad\u0103ugat suport experimental pentru protocolul QUIC pe partea clientului.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport experimental pentru modul offload pentru externalizarea opera\u021biunilor de \u00eencapsulare a pachetelor UDP \u00een IPsec c\u0103tre placa de re\u021bea.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport experimental pentru HSM (Hardware Security Module).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o posibilitate experimental\u0103 de utilizare a bazei de date LMDB \u00een Directory Server.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Identity Management a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o comand\u0103 experimental\u0103 ipa-migrate pentru migrarea datelor c\u0103tre un alt server IdM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Continuarea furniz\u0103rii suportului experimental (Technology Preview):\n<ul>\n<li> VPN WireGuard,   <\/li>\n<li> kTLS (TLS la nivel de nucleu),  <\/li>\n<li> interfa\u021ba de input\/output asincron io_uring,  <\/li>\n<li> DAX (Direct Access) pentru ext4 \u0219i XFS,   <\/li>\n<li> AMD SEV \u0219i SEV-ES \u00een hipervizorul KVM,  <\/li>\n<li> serviciul systemd-resolved,   <\/li>\n<li> mecanismul Sigstore pentru verificarea containerelor prin semn\u0103turi digitale,  <\/li>\n<li> protocolele PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol) \u0219i HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy),  <\/li>\n<li>  accelera\u021bia hardware IPsec prin mutarea opera\u021biunilor de \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinare a pachetelor pe partea pl\u0103cii de re\u021bea,  <\/li>\n<li>  protocolului de gestionare a certificatelor ACME, aplicat \u00een Let\u2019s Encrypt,   <\/li>\n<li> SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6,  <\/li>\n<li> pachetul cu editorul grafic GIMP 2.99.8,   <\/li>\n<li> set\u0103rile MPTCP (Multipath TCP) prin NetworkManager,   <\/li>\n<li> DNSSEC \u00een IdM,   <\/li>\n<li> virtio-mem,   <\/li>\n<li> Socket API pentru TuneD,  <\/li>\n<li> Soft-iWARP (Internet Wide-area RDMA Protocol),   <\/li>\n<li> GNOME pentru ARM64 \u0219i IBM Z.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele libgcrypt \u0219i pam_ssh_agent_auth au fost declarate \u00eenvechite.\n<li class=\"l\"> X.org Server \u0219i componentele aferente au fost eliminate din livrare (acest lucru nu a fost men\u021bionat \u00een nota de lansare, dar aceast\u0103 schimbare era \u00een planuri). Posibilitatea de a rula aplica\u021bii X11 \u00eentr-o sesiune Wayland este asigurat\u0103 prin intermediul serverului DDX XWayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Serverul audio PulseAudio a fost \u00eenlocuit cu pachetul PipeWire. Pachetele TigerVNC, Totem, power-profiles-daemon, gedit, gtkmm, WebKitGTK, Evolution, Festival, Eye of GNOME, Cheese, Tweaks \u0219i Qt5 au fost eliminate (a r\u0103mas doar Qt 6).<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62230\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Red Hat \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.5. \u0413\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 Red Hat Customer Portal (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c iso-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b CentOS Stream 10 \u0438 CentOS Stream 9.5, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 RHEL \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432). \u0420\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 RHEL [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":120568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Red Hat \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.5.\" 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