{"id":120894,"date":"2024-12-08T15:46:10","date_gmt":"2024-12-08T13:46:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0-20241203"},"modified":"2024-12-08T15:46:10","modified_gmt":"2024-12-08T13:46:10","slug":"microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0-20241203","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0-20241203","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft a publicat distribu\u021bia Azure Linux 3.0.20241203.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Compania Microsoft a lansat o actualizare a distribu\u021biei Azure Linux 3.0.20241203. Aceast\u0103 distribu\u021bie se dezvolt\u0103 ca o platform\u0103 de baz\u0103 versatil\u0103 pentru medii Linux utilizate \u00een infrastructura cloud, sisteme edge \u0219i diverse servicii Microsoft. Contribu\u021biile proprii ale proiectului sunt distribuite sub licen\u021ba MIT. Pachetele sunt generate pentru arhitecturile aarch64 \u0219i x86_64. Dimensiunea imaginii de instalare este de 750 MB.      <\/p>\n<p>Printre modific\u0103rile din noua versiune:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Filtrul de pachete iptables a fost adaptat pentru a gestiona comenzile prin transpunerea regulilor \u00een bytecode nftables (\u00een mod implicit, pachetul iptables-nft este utilizat \u00een loc de iptables-legacy).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru sistemele Aarch64, a fost propus un pachet suplimentar cu kernelul kernel-64k, care utilizeaz\u0103 pagini mari de memorie cu dimensiunea de 64KB (kernelul este compilat cu op\u021biunea CONFIG_ARM64_64K_PAGES).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen managerul de pachete tdnf (analog dnf bazat pe C libs) a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suport pentru configurarea \u201einstallonlypkgs\u201d, care este utilizat\u0103 pentru gestionarea instal\u0103rii nucleului kernel-64k.\n<li class=\"l\"> C\u00e2nd se utilizeaz\u0103 systemd-networkd, a fost activat\u0103 gestionarea livenet rootfs din Dracut.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un driver pentru adaptorii de re\u021bea Intel Ethernet Connection E800.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen procesorul de loguri fluent-bit a fost inclus suport pentru limbajul Lua.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost activat\u0103 verificarea semn\u0103turii digitale pentru kerneluri, \u00eenc\u0103rcate prin mecanismul kexec.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru a determina construc\u021biile containerelor, \u00een locul verific\u0103rii fi\u0219ierului \u201e\/.dockerenv\u201d este utilizat\u0103 utilitarul systemd-detect-virt.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile pachetelor au fost actualizate, printre care kernelul Linux 6.6.57, shim 15.8, SymCrypt 103.6.0, Valkey (fork Redis) 8.0.1, Go 1.23.3, MariaDB 10.11.10, PostgreSQL 16.5.        <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Distribu\u021bia Azure Linux ofer\u0103 un set mic standard de pachete de baz\u0103, care constituie o funda\u021bie universal\u0103 pentru crearea umpluturii containerelor, a mediilor gazd\u0103 \u0219i a serviciilor care ruleaz\u0103 \u00een infrastructuri cloud \u0219i pe dispozitive edge. Solu\u021bii mai complexe \u0219i specializate pot fi create prin ad\u0103ugarea de pachete suplimentare peste Azure Linux, dar funda\u021bia pentru toate aceste sisteme r\u0103m\u00e2ne neschimbat\u0103, ceea ce simplific\u0103 \u00eentre\u021binerea \u0219i preg\u0103tirea actualiz\u0103rilor.       <\/p>\n<p>Azure Linux este utilizat ca baz\u0103 pentru mini-distribu\u021bia WSLg, \u00een care sunt furnizate componentele stivei grafice pentru a permite rularea aplica\u021biilor GUI Linux \u00een medii bazate pe subsistemul WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux). Func\u021bionalitatea extins\u0103 \u00een WSLg este realizat\u0103 prin includerea pachetelor suplimentare cu compozit. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serverul\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3096\">serverul<\/a> Weston, XWayland, PulseAudio \u0219i FreeRDP.    <\/p>\n<p>Pentru gestionarea serviciilor \u0219i a \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii se utilizeaz\u0103 managerul de sistem systemd. Pentru gestionarea pachetelor sunt furnizate manageri de pachete RPM \u0219i DNF. Serverul SSH nu este activat implicit. Pentru instalarea distribu\u021biei este disponibil un instalator, care poate func\u021biona at\u00e2t \u00een modul text, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een modul grafic. Instalatorul ofer\u0103 op\u021biunea de instalare cu un set complet sau de baz\u0103 de pachete, oferind o interfa\u021b\u0103 pentru alegerea parti\u021biei de disc, alegerea numelui gazd\u0103 \u0219i crearea utilizatorilor.  <\/p>\n<p>Sistemul de compilare Azure Linux permite generarea at\u00e2t a pachetelor RPM individuale pe baza fi\u0219ierelor SPEC \u0219i a codului surs\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i a imaginilor sistemului monolitice, formate cu ajutorul instrumentului rpm-ostree \u0219i actualizate atomic f\u0103r\u0103 a fi desf\u0103cute \u00een pachete separate. Prin urmare, sunt sus\u021binute dou\u0103 modele de livrare a actualiz\u0103rilor: prin actualizarea pachetelor individuale \u0219i prin reconstruc\u021bia \u0219i actualizarea \u00eentregii imagini de sistem. Este disponibil un depozit care include aproximativ 3000 de pachete RPM deja compilate, care pot fi utilizate pentru a compune propriile imagini bazate pe fi\u0219ierul de configurare.     <\/p>\n<p>Platforma de baz\u0103 include doar cele mai necesare componente \u0219i este optimizat\u0103 pentru un consum minim de memorie \u0219i spa\u021biu pe disc, precum \u0219i pentru o vitez\u0103 ridicat\u0103 de \u00eenc\u0103rcare. Proiectul utilizeaz\u0103 abordarea \u201emaxim\u0103 securitate \u00een mod implicit\u201d, ceea ce implic\u0103 activarea diferitelor mecanisme suplimentare pentru a spori protec\u021bia:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Filtrarea apelurilor de sistem utiliz\u00e2nd mecanismul seccomp.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Criptarea parti\u021biilor de disc.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Verificarea pachetelor prin semn\u0103tur\u0103 digital\u0103.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Randomizarea spa\u021biului de adrese.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva atacurilor legate de linkuri simbolice, mmap, \/dev\/mem \u0219i \/dev\/kmem.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Modul doar pentru citire \u0219i interzicerea execut\u0103rii codului \u00een zonele de memorie \u00een care sunt plasate segmentele cu datele nucleului \u0219i modulelor.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Op\u021biunea de a interzice \u00eenc\u0103rcarea modulelor nucleului dup\u0103 ini\u021bializarea sistemului.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Utilizarea iptables pentru filtrarea pachetelor de re\u021bea.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Activarea \u00een timpul compil\u0103rii a modurilor de protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva suprascrierii stivei, suprascrierilor de buffer \u0219i problemelor cu formatarea \u0219irurilor (_FORTIFY_SOURCE, -fstack-protector, -Wformat-security, relro).   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62369\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Azure Linux 3.0.20241203. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, edge-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 Microsoft. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 MIT. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 aarch64 \u0438 x86_64. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 750 \u041c\u0411. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438: \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440 iptables \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Azure Linux 3.0.20241203.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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