{"id":121227,"date":"2025-01-04T21:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T19:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami"},"modified":"2026-02-08T19:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T17:38:48","slug":"naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","title":{"rendered":"Cele mai importante evenimente din 2024 legate de proiecte open source","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Selec\u021bia final\u0103 a celor mai importante \u0219i semnificative evenimente din anul 2024, legate de proiectele open source \u0219i securitatea informa\u021biei:      <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Conflicte: Criza din proiectul NixOS. Excluderea lui Sonny Pearce din consiliul de administra\u021bie al GfNOME Foundation. Suspendarea temporar\u0103 a autorului BcacheFS \u0219i critica lui Linus Torvalds. Excluderea unuia dintre principalii dezvoltatori Python. Conflictul WordPress cu WP Engine, care a dus la \u00eenlocuirea pluginului ACF. Atacurile Malibal asupra CoreBoot. Pl\u00e2ngerea c\u0103tre autoritatea de reglementare european\u0103 \u00eempotriva Mozilla. Blocarea uBlock Origin Lite. Rebrandingul Apache din cauza indienilor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sanc\u021biuni \u0219i bloc\u0103ri: Excluderea a 11 mentaineri ai nucleului Linux, lega\u021bi de RF. Refuzul Spring de a accepta modific\u0103rile de la dezvoltatorii din RF. Implementarea cerin\u021belor Mozilla de c\u0103tre Roskomnadzor, urmat\u0103 de ridicarea blocajului \u0219i a amenzii. Blocarea temporar\u0103 a RF \u00een Docker Hub. \u00cenchiderea accesului RF la repositoarele OpenTofu. Blocarea eronat\u0103 a OpenXRay pe GitHub. Blocarea \u00een GitLab a extensiei de browser BPC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Forks: FreeNginx \u2014 fork of Nginx, Valkey and Redict \u2014 forks of the Redis DBMS, Flock \u2014 fork of Flutter, Apache Cloudberry \u2014 fork of the Greenplum DBMS. The first release of OpenTofu, a Terraform fork. Transition of OpenSearch, a fork of Elasticsearch, to the Linux Foundation.\n<li class=\"l\"> Achizi\u021bii, fuziuni \u0219i proiecte comune: Microsoft a predat Mono comunit\u0103\u021bii Wine. IBM cump\u0103r\u0103 HashiCorp. Mozilla a achizi\u021bionat compania Anonym. Fuziunea Tor \u0219i Tails. Restructurarea OpenSSL \u0219i fuziunea cu bibliotecile Bouncy Castle \u0219i Cryptlib. Ini\u021biativa de dezvoltare a arhitecturii x86.\n<li class=\"l\"> Brevete \u0219i drepturi de autor: Atacuri ale Nintendo asupra proiectelor care dezvolt\u0103 emulatoare: Yuzu, Suyu, Ryujinx, forkuri Yuzu. Ini\u021biativa OS Zone a anulat 54 de brevete. Eliminarea unei p\u0103r\u021bi din codul ZLUDA la cererea AMD. HDMI Forum nu a acceptat implementarea HDMI 2.1 \u00een driverele deschise.\n<li class=\"l\"> Legi \u0219i reguli: Posibilitatea de excludere a dezvoltatorilor nucleului Linux care \u00eencalc\u0103 codul de conduit\u0103. FCC a restabilit regulile neutralit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei. Reguli de utilizare a m\u0103rcilor comerciale Rust. NetBSD \u0219i Gentoo au interzis utilizarea codului generat de sistemele AI. GitHub a interzis publicarea proiectelor pentru crearea de deepfake-uri.\n<li class=\"l\"> Licen\u021be: Schi\u021ba licen\u021bei Post-Open. Trecerea SGBD-ului Redis, CockroachDB \u0219i ScyllaDB la licen\u021ba proprietar\u0103. Revenirea Elasticsearch la licen\u021ba deschis\u0103. Oprirea dezvolt\u0103rii SGBD-ului Greenplum ca produs deschis. Schimbarea licen\u021bei Zabbix de la GPLv2 la AGPLv3, Forgejo de la MIT la GPLv3, OpenVPN de la GPLv2 la GPLv2 cu excep\u021bii. Probleme de licen\u021biere cu driverele Tuxedo.\n<li class=\"l\"> Publicarea codului surs\u0103 Winamp. \u00cenc\u0103lcarea licen\u021bei GPL \u00een codul Winamp. Eliminarea codului Winamp.\n<li class=\"l\"> Introducerea defini\u021biei sistemului AI deschis \u0219i ini\u021biativa de anulare a acesteia. Clasificarea deschiderii modelelor AI generative.\n<li class=\"l\"> Platforme de dezvoltare \u0219i cataloage de aplica\u021bii: Separarea complet\u0103 a Forgejo de Gitea. Trecerea Fedora la Forgejo. GitVerse de la SberTech. PPlatforma P2P Radicle 1.0. G\u0103zduirea repository-urilor Git Game of Trees Hub. Autentificare cu doi factori obligatorie \u0219i nou sistem de verificare a autenticit\u0103\u021bii pachetelor \u00een PyPI. 2 miliarde de desc\u0103rc\u0103ri \u0219i un milion de utilizatori \u00een Flathub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Limbaje de programare \u0219i compilatoare: GCC 14, LLVM 18\/19, Java SE 22\/23, Go 1.22\/1.23, .NET 9, Perl 5.40, Julia 1.11, PHP 8.4, Ruby 3.4, V 0.4.8, Snek 1.10, Tcl\/Tk 9.0, Swift 6.0, Clojure 1.12, Mojo 24.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> New languages and compilers: Borgo (combines the best features of Go and Rust). TrapC (C-like language, safely handling memory). Hare (C-like language from the creator of Sway). Pkl (language for configuration definition). Vcc \u2014 C\/C++ compiler for Vulkan. Bend \u2014 language for parallel computations on GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> Instrumente de dezvoltare: Meson 1.6, Automake 1.17, GNU Mes 0.27. Gittuf pentru protec\u021bia criptografic\u0103 a repository-urilor Git. Mediu de dezvoltare Eclipse Theia. Editorul de cod Zed este deschis.\n<li class=\"l\"> Python: Python a dep\u0103\u0219it JavaScript de pe locul 1 \u00een clasamentul GitHub. Compiler JIT integrat. Python 3.13. NumPy 2.0.0. Compilator Nuitka 2.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Safe programming: Promotion of memory-safe mechanisms in C++. Strategy for reducing vulnerabilities in Android. Fil-C \u2014 compiler for safe memory operations in C\/C++. Assessment of MiraclePtr's effectiveness in C++. Hyperlight \u2014 hypervisor for isolating individual functions.\n<li class=\"l\"> Rust: Traduc\u0103tor AI pentru rescrierea codului C \u00een Rust. Consor\u021biu pentru dezvoltarea sistemelor fiabile bazate pe Rust. Analiza utiliz\u0103rii unsafe \u00een pachetele Rust. Verificarea bibliotecii standard Rust. \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea portabilit\u0103\u021bii \u00eentre C++ \u0219i Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> System components: systemd 256\/257, Glibc 2.39\/2.40, GNU Shepherd 1.0.0. Reduction of dependencies in libsystemd. run0 \u2014 integrated replacement for sudo in systemd. Port of systemd based on Musl.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hardware: OpenWrt One router. New Raspberry Pi boards: Pico 2, Compute Module 5, Pico 2 W, 500, Monitor, Media Center. AI assistant Home Assistant Voice. Vortex 2.2 (open GPGPU based on RISC-V). Creation of an open processor compatible with Z80. FuryGpu \u2014 GPU based on FPGA. PiDP-10 (clone of the PDP-10 mainframe). The first chip on the OpenTitan platform.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firmware: Participarea Intel la dezvoltarea CoreBoot. Instrumentarul fwupd 2.0.0. Modificarea firmatelor pentru cipurile TI CC13XX \u0219i CC26XX.\n<li class=\"l\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-sofia\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"408\">Carrier-neutral data center<\/a>: Initiative for default use of TCP_NODELAY (implemented in OpenBSD). Tesla unveiled the TTPoE protocol. The share of junk traffic increased to 6.8%. free5GC for building a 5G core network. Discontinuation of OCSP protocol support in Let's Encrypt. Cloudflare's Pingora framework. Configuration system Netplan 1.0. Network stack F-Stack 1.24. hostapd\/wpa_supplicant 2.11 with Wi-Fi 7 support.\n<li class=\"l\"> Standarde: C23. Vulkan 1.4. POSIX 1003.1-2024. Standardizarea BPF. OpenMP 6.0. Standardizarea algoritmilor de criptare post-cuantic\u0103. RFC pentru codec audio FLAC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mecanisme de protec\u021bie: OpenPaX (echivalentul Grsecurity\/Pax). Sistem de gestionare a accesului IPE.\n<li class=\"l\"> New OS and distributions: KDE is developing its own distribution. ALDOS \u2014 Fedora variant without systemd. Asterinas and Maestro kernels, written in Rust and partially compatible with Linux. Apertis \u2014 distribution for electronic devices from Collabora. Chimera \u2014 Linux kernel with FreeBSD environment. Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI. Fedora Atomic Desktops. Serpent OS. AlmaLinux Kitten. Continuously updated variant of Manjaro. Selectel OS. TileOS. Helios (based on Illumos). ExectOS (with a microkernel similar to Windows NT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Actualiz\u0103ri de distribu\u021bii \u0219i sisteme de operare: Ubuntu 24.04\/24.10, Ubuntu Core 24, CentOS Stream 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10-beta\/9.5\/9.4, Fedora 40\/41, openSUSE Leap 15.6, SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap Micro 6, ALT 10, elementary OS 8, Whonix 17.2, Linux Mint 22, Azure Linux 3.0, Proxmox VE 8.3, Tails 6, Alpine 3.21, Armbian 24.11, NixOS 24.11, Vanilla OS 2, Blend OS 4, Endless OS 6.0, LibreELEC 12.0, Manjaro 24.0, OpenMediaVault 7.0, Redox OS 0.9, Haiku R1-beta5, OpenIndiana 2024.04.\n<li class=\"l\"> Schimb\u0103ri \u00een distribu\u021bii: Transformarea GNOME OS \u00eentr-o distribu\u021bie pentru utilizatori obi\u015fnui\u021bi \u0219i trecerea la actualiz\u0103ri atomice. Arch Linux (port pentru RISC-V, implicare Valve). Fedora (eliminarea sesiunii X11, trecerea la DNF5, instrumente AI, instalator pe baza interfe\u021bei web, statut de edi\u021bie de baz\u0103 pentru KDE). Modific\u0103ri \u00een preg\u0103tirea versiunilor intermediare RHEL. OpenSUSE (trecerea la platforma SLFO\/ALP, instalator Agama, construc\u021bii repetitive, oprirea utiliz\u0103rii brandului SUSE). Kerneluri noi \u00een Ubuntu.\n<li class=\"l\"> OpenStreetMap a trecut de la Ubuntu la Debian. LinkedIn a trecut de la CentOS la Azure Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sisteme de operare \u00een timp real: RISC OS 5.30. RT-Thread 5.1. Suport pentru modul \u00een timp real \u00een kernelul Linux. Posibilitatea de a folosi gratuit QNX 8.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> BSD: FreeBSD 14.2, NetBSD 10, OpenBSD 7.6. ravynOS (edi\u021bia FreeBSD \u00een stil macOS). NixBSD (NixOS cu kernel din FreeBSD). Discu\u021bie despre utilizarea Rust \u00een FreeBSD. \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea suportului pentru laptopuri \u00een FreeBSD. Nou ciclu de preg\u0103tire a lans\u0103rilor FreeBSD. Instalator grafic pentru FreeBSD. SmolBSD (crearea de micro-construc\u021bii NetBSD).\n<li class=\"l\"> Mobile platforms: Android 15\/16-pre, LineageOS 22, KDE Plasma Mobile 6, Phosh 0.44, webOS 2.27, Ubuntu Touch OTA-7 Focal, Bliss OS, postmarketOS 24.12, \/e\/OS 2.6. Ecosystem of open mobile applications Mobifree. Builds of postmarketOS based on systemd. Tizen port for RISC-V. Droidian \u2014 Debian variant for smartphones. Support for destructive PIN codes in GrapheneOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Portarea Chrome OS pe platforma Android. Suport pentru aplica\u021biile Linux \u00een Android. MicroFuchsia pentru ma\u0219ini virtuale \u00een Android.\n<li class=\"l\"> Gestionarea pachetelor: trecerea OpenWrt la managerul de pachete APK. Pacstall (echivalentul AUR pentru Ubuntu). GNU Mes 0.27. \u00cenceperea dezvolt\u0103rii RPM 6. Aura 4.0.0. Pacman 7.0. GNU Stow 2.4. Versiuni de test APT 3.0. Modernizarea gestion\u0103rii pachetelor \u00een Arch Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Noi medii de utilizator: Miracle, testare alpha COSMIC, KDE 6, Theseus Ship (fostul KWinFT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Actualizarea mediilor de utilizator: Xfce 4.20, GNOME 46\/47, KDE Plasma 6.0\/6.1\/6.2, KDE Gear 24.12, MATE 1.28, LXQt 2.1.0, Cinnamon 6.4, Trinity R14.1.3, MaXX Interactive Desktop 2.2, Sway 1.10, Budgie 10.9, Regolith 3.1. Obiectivele KDE pentru urm\u0103torii doi ani. Planul GNOME pentru 5 ani. 40 de ani de X Window System.\n<li class=\"l\"> Actualizarea serverelor compozite: labwc 0.8.0, Hyprland 0.46, Niri 0.1.10, Cage 0.2, Weston 14.0, Wayfire 0.9.\n<li class=\"l\"> GUI: GTK 4.41\/4.16, Qt 6.7\/6.8, IGL 1.0. FLTK 1.4.0 cu suport pentru Wayland. Ardour a continuat dezvoltarea unei ramuri a GTK2. PortableGL 0.98 (implementarea OpenGL 3 \u00een C). Noi motoare pentru OpenGL \u0219i Vulkan \u00een GTK. Louvre pentru dezvoltarea serverelor compozite. Dezvoltarea SDL3.\n<li class=\"l\"> GPU: Mesa 24.0\/24.1\/24.2\/24.3. Suport pentru Direct3D 8 ad\u0103ugat \u00een DXVK. Portarea driverele NVIDIA pe module de kernel deschise. Implementare deschis\u0103 vGPU de la NVIDIA. Proiectul LibreCUDA. AMD a publicat documenta\u021bia pentru GPU RDNA 3.5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Promovarea Wayland: Wayland 1.23. Posibilitatea de compilare a GNOME doar cu Wayland. Suport pentru Wayland \u00een driverele NVIDIA. Raspberry Pi OS a migrat la Wayland. Proiectul Frog pentru promovarea noilor protocoale Wayland. Protocoale experimentale Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Drivere: Nova (nou driver deschis pentru GPU NVIDIA cu firmware GSP). embedded-hal (crearea de drivere \u00een Rust). \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea driverelor NVK \u0219i Zink. EXT2 \u00een Rust. Honeykrisp (driver Vulkan pentru chipul Apple M1). Disponibilitatea driverului panthor pentru genera\u021bia a 10-a de GPU Mali. AMD a deschis driverul pentru NPU cu motor XDNA.\n<li class=\"l\"> Multimedia: Stac deschis pentru camere MIPI. FFmpeg 7.0\/7.1, PipeWire 1.2.0, PulseAudio 17.0, OBS Studio 31.0, Kodi 21, MythTV 34. Sta\u021bia de lucru audio Zrythm 1.0.0. Platforma de gestionare a sta\u021biilor de radio Rivendell.\n<li class=\"l\"> Codecuri: Codecurile audio TSAC \u0219i Opus 1.5. Decodorul xHE-AAC de la FFMpeg. jpegli \u2014 encoder \u0219i decoder JPEG de la Google. Suport pentru JPEG XL \u00een Samsung.\n<li class=\"l\"> Grafic\u0103: Apropierea de lansarea GIMP 3.0. Inkscape 1.4, Darktable 5.0, RawTherapee 5.10, Scribus 1.6.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modelare \u0219i 3D: Blender 4.3, FreeCAD 1.0, CadZinho 0.6, KiCad 8.0. Codul Google Blocks a fost deschis. Programul de vizualizare 3D OSPRay Studio 1.0 \u0219i motorul de randare 3D OSPRay 3.1. Modelul 3D al insulei Caldera. Harta re\u021belelor de drumuri de la Overture Maps.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jocuri: Versiunea beta a NauEngine de la VK, Godot 4.3, Open 3D Engine 24.09, Dagor Engine 24.12. Instrumentarul pentru lansarea jocurilor Windows de la Asahi. Lakka 5.0. Proton 9.0. Wine 9.0. Minetest a fost redenumit Luanti. Codul jocului Descent 3 a fost deschis. Proiectul SteamFork. Suport pentru ASUS ROG Ally \u00een SteamOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Noi proiecte deschise: Codul emulatorului Mikage a fost deschis. Microsoft a deschis codul depozitului Garnet. Valve a deschis codul Steam Audio. NVIDIA a transferat limbajul shaderelor Slang c\u0103tre consor\u021biul Khronos. Deschiderea Bitwarden SDK.\n<li class=\"l\"> SGBD: PostgreSQL 17, MySQL 8.4\/9.0\/9.1, MariaDB 11.4, Valkey 8.0, Redis 7.4, DuckDB 1.0, IvorySQL 4.0, SynchDB 1.0, EdgeDB 5.0, Firebird 5.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Web: Node.js 23\/24 cu suport pentru TypeScript. Deno 2.0. Suport pentru cod \u00een limbaj C pe platforma JavaScript Bun. Wasmer 5. Test Speedometer 3.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Browsere: Tor Browser 14.0, FixBrowser Wolvic pe motorul Chromium. 25 de ani Dillo. Verso \u0219i Servo-the-browser pe motorul Servo. Servo a trecut testele Acid2. For\u021barea dezvolt\u0103rii browserului Ladybird \u0219i decizia de a utiliza limbajul Swift \u00een acesta.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mozilla: Platforma de afi\u0219are a publicit\u0103\u021bii. Renun\u021barea la colaborarea cu Onerep. Proiectul MLS (Mozilla Location Service) a fost suspendat. Decizia de a nu \u00eentrerupe suportul pentru a doua versiune a manifestului Chrome. Schimbarea conducerii. Concedieri de iarn\u0103 \u0219i toamn\u0103. Generarea de site-uri AI. Instrumentar de recunoa\u0219tere vocal\u0103. Rebranding.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firefox: versiunile 122-133, protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva urm\u0103rilor prin redirecturi, blocarea cookie-urilor ter\u021b\u0103 parte, permisiuni temporare, afi\u0219area miniaturilor, traducerea fragmentelor de text, \u201eFirefox Labs\u201d, chatbot \u00eencorporat, panou lateral, tab-uri verticale, dialog unificat pentru cur\u0103\u021bare, \u00eenlocuirea automat\u0103 HTTP cu HTTPS, suport pentru Zstandard, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri \u00een Firefox View \u0219i vizualizatorul PDF, port pentru OS Haiku. Firefox are 20 de ani.\n<li class=\"l\"> Chrome: lans\u0103rile 121-131, micropayments pentru monetizare, performan\u021b\u0103 a extensiilor, renun\u021barea la a doua versiune a manifestului, men\u021binerea suportului pentru cookie-urile ter\u021be, avertizare privind \u00eencetarea func\u021bion\u0103rii uBlock Origin, integrarea unui model mare de limbaj.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sisteme distribuite \u0219i P2P: Re\u021beaua P2P overlay Nebula 1.9. Meshtastic \u2014 re\u021bea mesh bazat\u0103 pe transceivere LoRa. OpenZiti 1.0 pentru integrarea re\u021belelor overlay \u00een aplica\u021bii. PeerTube 7.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachete de birou: LibreOffice 24.2\/24.8, Calligra 4.0, ONLYOFFICE 8.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cenva\u021barea automat\u0103: AlphaFold 3 de la DeepMind, modelul hertz-dev pentru comunicare vocal\u0103, ChatTTS pentru sinteza vocal\u0103, Databricks a lansat modelul DBRX, xAI a lansat modelul Grok, depanatorul Transformer Debugger de la OpenAI, Google a lansat modelul Gemma.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sisteme de fi\u0219iere: Anun\u021barea \u00eenvechirii driverului Ext2 \u0219i eliminarea ReiserFS. Cluster Ceph cu o l\u0103\u021bime de band\u0103 de tebibai\u021bi pe secund\u0103. LittleFS 2.10. FS clusterizat VitastorFS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Virtualizare \u0219i containere: Lucr\u0103ri pentru migrarea VMware Workstation c\u0103tre hypervisor KVM. VMware Workstation \u0219i VMware Fusion au devenit gratuite. Paravirtualizare IOMMU \u00een Xen. VirtualBox deasupra KVM. Microsoft a lansat hypervisorul OpenVMM\/OpenHCL. Finch pentru Linux. Migrarea componentelor gazdelor Hyper-V \u00een kernelul Linux. Lima 1.0 (LInux-on-MAc), Xen 4.19, XCP-ng 8.3, Kata Containers 3.4, LXC 6.0, QEMU 9.0-9.2, Bubblewrap 0.11, CRIU 4.0, Distrobox 1.8, VirtualBox 7.1, MicroCloud LTS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aplica\u021bii server: OpenSSH 9.7-9.9, BIND 9.20, Samba 4.20\/4.21, Exim 4.98, Postfix 3.9, server SMTP chasquid 1.13, ClamAV 1.4, nginx 1.26 cu HTTP\/3, libmicrohttpd 1.0.0, HAProxy 3.0. Trecerea Let's Encrypt la ntpd-rs. OpenSSH: \u00eencetarea suportului pentru DSA, separare pe mai multe procese, protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva atacurilor prin for\u021bare brut\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kernelul Linux: Ramura linus-next. Discu\u021bii despre utilizarea C++ \u00een kernel. Lunatik (crearea handlerelor \u00een Lua). Rularea Linux pe cipul Intel 4004. Codul a fost deschis pentru suportul CPU Elbrus. Coliziuni. Versiuni ale microarhitecturii x86_64. Kernelul ELKS 0.8 pentru CPU-uri de 16 bi\u021bi. Ramura UEK-next de la Oracle.\n<li class=\"l\"> eBPF: planificatoare de sarcini, diagnosticarea dispozitivelor de input, lucru \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului, bpftop, actualizarea DTrace. Plan pentru \u00eencetarea suportului pentru vechile CPU-uri ARM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modific\u0103ri majore \u00een nucleu:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.7: integrarea FS Bcachefs, \u00eencetarea suportului pentru arhitectura Itanium, posibilitatea de lucru a Nouveau cu firmware-uri GSP-R, suport pentru criptarea TLS \u00een NVMe-TCP, posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii excep\u021biilor \u00een BPF, suport pentru futex \u00een io_uring, optimizarea performan\u021bei planificatorului fq (Fair Queuing), suport pentru extensia TCP-AO (TCP Authentication Option) \u0219i posibilitatea limit\u0103rii conexiunilor de re\u021bea \u00een mecanismul de protec\u021bie Landlock, ad\u0103ugat\u0103 gestionarea accesului la user namespace \u0219i io_uring prin AppArmor.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.8: driver Xe pentru GPU Intel, modul de protec\u021bie pentru dispozitivele block montate cu FS, mecanismul planificatorului de sarcini Deadline server, optimizarea automat\u0103 a fuzion\u0103rii paginilor identice de memorie, primul driver scris \u00een Rust, apeluri de sistem listmount \u0219i statmount, eliminarea bpfilter \u0219i SLAB, mecanismul guest_memfd \u00een KVM, profilarea accesului la date.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.9: modulul dm-vdo pentru deduplicare \u0219i compresie a dispozitivelor bloc, mod de acces direct la fi\u0219iere \u00een FUSE, suport pentru crearea pidfd pentru fire separate, mecanismul token-urilor BPF, suport pentru Rust pe sisteme ARM64, clasificarea driverului FS Ext2 ca fiind dep\u0103\u0219it, eliminarea vechiului driver NTFS, suport pentru mecanismul Intel FRED.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.10: driver ntsync cu primitive de sincronizare Windows NT, componente DRM Panic pentru implementarea echivalentului \u201eecranului albastru de moarte\u201d, \u00eencetarea suportului pentru vechile CPU Alpha, posibilitatea de verificare a integrit\u0103\u021bii \u00een FS bazat pe FUSE, restric\u021bionarea accesului la ioctl prin mecanismul Landlock, subsistem pentru profilarea opera\u021biunilor de alocare a memoriei, apel de sistem mseal(), posibilitate de schimb criptat de date cu dispozitivele TPM, suport pentru cozi de lucru de \u00eenalt\u0103 prioritate \u00een dm-crypt, driver panthor pentru a zecea genera\u021bie GPU Mali.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.11: suport pentru opera\u021bii de scriere atomic\u0103 la nivel de bloc, suport pentru opera\u021biile bind() \u0219i listen() \u00een io_uring, nou mecanism de bloc\u0103ri pentru handlerii de \u00eentreruperi, posibilitatea scrierii \u00een fi\u0219iere executabile reflectate \u00een memorie, suport pentru scrierea driverelor pentru dispozitive bloc \u00een limbajul Rust, optimizarea apelului getrandom(), nou\u0103 implementare AES-GCM.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.12: posibilitatea activ\u0103rii modului Realtime, sched_ext pentru crearea de planificatori CPU prin eBPF, generarea codului QR \u00een caz de st\u0103ri de urgen\u021b\u0103, mecanismul Dispozitiv Memory TCP, mecanismul de rezervare a resurselor serverului SCHED_DEADLINE, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea planificatorului de sarcini EEVDF, modul IPE pentru definirea politicilor de control al integrit\u0103\u021bii.    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Criptare: Biblioteca de criptare omomorf\u0103 de la Apple. Instrumentarul PGP sq 1.0, OpenSSL 3.3\/3.4, LibreSSL 4.0, VeraCrypt 1.26.14, GnuPG 2.5, Libgcrypt 1.11.0, Cryptsetup 2.7.  Restructurarea OpenSSL. Compatibilitatea Rustls cu OpenSSL \u0219i nginx. Dezvoltarea algoritmilor de criptare post-quantum.\n<li class=\"l\"> Probleme de criptografie: KyberSlash (vulnerabilitate \u00een algoritmul post-quantum Kyber). EUCLEAK (clonarea cheilor YubiKey 5). Recrearea cheii PuTTY.\n<li class=\"l\"> Backdoor \u00een pachetul XZ Utils: retrospectiv\u0103, logica activ\u0103rii, rezultatele auditului, \u00eencerc\u0103rile de atacuri similare asupra altor proiecte.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een procesoare: BadRAM (AMD, ocolind SEV-SNP), Sinkclose  (AMD, acces la SMM). Ocolirea protec\u021biei \u00eempotriva Spectre. Indirector (Intel). TikTag (ARM, ocolind MemTag). O variant\u0103 nou\u0103 BHI (Intel). ZenHammer (AMD).  GhostRace  (Intel, AMD, ARM, IBM). GhostWrite (RISC-V XuanTie). LeftoverLocals (GPU AMD, Apple, Qualcomm \u0219i Imagination). RFDS (Intel Atom).\n<li class=\"l\"> Metodele de atac: KeyTrap \u0219i NSEC3 \u00een DNSSEC. ArtPrompt \u0219i BoN pentru ocolirea filtrelor sistemelor de AI. Port Shadow (redirec\u021bionarea conexiunilor \u0219i Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (redirec\u021bionarea traficului VPN). Ob\u021binerea certificatelor TLS pentru domenii externe \u201e.mobi\u201d. Atac prin IP 0.0.0.0 \u00een browser. SnailLoad (identificarea site-urilor deschise pe baza \u00eent\u00e2rzierii pachetelor). Atac asupra procesorului de aplica\u021bii neinstalate \u00een Ubuntu. Ciclicizarea protocoalelor bazate pe UDP. \u201eContinuation flood\u201d (perturbarea func\u021bion\u0103rii serverelor HTTP\/2.0). Falsificarea r\u0103spunsurilor \u00een protocolul RADIUS. Atac prin secven\u021be de escape. BatBadBut (biblioteci Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang \u0219i Haskell). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"240\">VPN<\/a> \u0219i Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (redirijarea traficului VPN). Ob\u021binerea certificatelor TLS pentru domenii externe \u201e.mobi\u201d. Atac prin IP 0.0.0.0 \u00een browser. SnailLoad (determinarea site-urilor deschise prin \u00eent\u00e2rzierea pachetelor). Atac pe procesorul aplica\u021biilor neinstalate \u00een Ubuntu. Ciclicitate \u00een protocoalele bazate pe UDP. \u201eContinuation flood\u201d (perturbarea opera\u021biunilor serverelor HTTP\/2.0). Falsificare a r\u0103spunsului \u00een protocolul RADIUS. Atac prin secven\u021be escape. BatBadBut (biblioteci Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang \u0219i Haskell).\n<li class=\"l\"> Probleme cauzate de generarea de raporturi de vulnerabilitate deranjante prin AI. Subminarea reputa\u021biei din cauza CVE-urilor cu vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi false \u0219i exagerate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi locale: nucleul Linux (n_gsm, netfilter, io_uring, nf_tables, ksmbd, ktls, uio, stiva de re\u021bea), nucleul FreeBSD (1, 2), GRUB2 (RHEL), tuned, needrestart (implicit \u00een Ubuntu Server), PostgreSQL, NetworkManager-libreswan, guix-daemon, pam_oath, Nix, drivere NVIDIA, Flatpak, Buildah, Podman, Node.js, libuv, Glibc.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi de la distan\u021b\u0103: stiva IPv6 a Linux-ului. Stiva Bluetooth a Android-ului. Vulnerabilitate de root \u00een OpenSSH (regreSSHion), vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi specifice pentru RHEL \u0219i FreeBSD \u00een OpenSSH. Execu\u021bia codului pe sisteme cu CUPS (continuare). libaom \u0219i libvpx (codecuri AV1 \u0219i VP8\/VP9, atacurile sunt posibile prin browsere). Server NFS FreeBSD \u0219i OpenBSD. Apache Struts, GStreamer, Libarchive, X.Org Server (1, 2, 3, 4), libgsf (afecteaz\u0103 GNOME), Emacs, Js2Py, PHP, nginx (HTTP\/3), Fluent Bit, Git, R, Glibc (atacuri prin scripturi PHP), Suricata, ClamAV, runc (afecteaz\u0103 Docker \u0219i Kubernetes), FFmpeg (JPEG XL), Redis.\n<li class=\"l\"> Compromisuri: Internet Archive. Cloudflare. Barracuda Networks. Compromiterea repository-ului PyTorch. Competi\u021bii Pwn2Own Automotive, Pwn2Own 2024 \u0219i Pwn2Own Ireland 2024.\n<li class=\"l\"> Confiden\u021bialitate: Analiza sesiunilor OpenVPN. Telemetria \u00een Manjaro Linux, Fedora \u0219i Go. Analiza aplica\u021biilor VPN pentru Android. Statistici despre blocantele de reclame. Accesul la date din repository-uri GitHub externe \u0219i private.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een firmware-uri \u0219i bootloadere: Vulnerabilitate \u00een Shim (ocolirea UEFI Secure Boot). PixieFAIL (atacuri asupra firmware-urilor UEFI prin PXE). Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een firmware-urile UEFI Phoenix \u0219i AMI MegaRAC. Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een firmware-urile Qualcomm. Ocolirea UEFI Secure Boot din cauza unei chei de test \u00een pl\u0103cile de baz\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> Compromiterea serverului: server backend. Injectarea de cod (exploatarea posibilelor vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi).\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een routere \u0219i echipamente: Defec\u021biuni ale 659 de mii de routere de acas\u0103. Posibilitatea de a controla modemurile a milioane de abona\u021bi ISP Cox. Backdoors \u00een routerele \u0219i stocarea de re\u021bea D-Link. Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een dispozitivele Juniper. Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een routerele ASUS. Confuzia SSID (\u00eenc\u0103lcarea re\u021belei Wi-Fi). \u00cenc\u0103lcarea artefactelor de construire OpenWRT. Deblocarea lacatelor electronice Saflok.\n<li class=\"l\"> Detectarea pachetelor malware \u00een directoarele PyPI (1, 2) \u0219i Snap Store. Vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi periculoase \u00een GitHub Enterprise Server, Gogs, GitLab (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Revizuirea manual\u0103 a numelui pachetelor \u00een Snap Store. Analiza desc\u0103rc\u0103rii pachetelor \u00eenvechite din NPM. Modele AI mali\u021bioase \u00een depozitul Hugging Face. O sut\u0103 de mii de depozite cu cod mali\u021bios pe GitHub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Erori: Probleme la \u00eenc\u0103rcarea Linux din cauza unei erori \u00een actualizarea la Windows (analiz\u0103). \u0218tergerea \/home \u00een timpul execut\u0103rii \u201esystemd-tmpfiles \u2014purge\u201d. E\u0219ec \u00een zona de domeniu RU din cauza DNSSEC. Desincronizare a serverului DNS r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 \u201eC\u201d. Tem\u0103 de design KDE care \u0219terge fi\u0219ierele utilizatorului.\n<li class=\"l\"> Atacuri asupra infrastructurilor: Injec\u021bie de cod mali\u021bios prin Polyfill. Scurgerea tokenului de acces pentru repozitoarele GitHub Python. DDoS asupra SourceHut. Scurgerea tokenurilor Hugging Face Spaces. Publicarea de versiuni mali\u021bioase Ultralytics. Infiltrarea codului mali\u021bios \u00een clientul oficial JavaScript pentru criptomoneda Solana. Cod mali\u021bios \u00een pluginul ss-otr pentru Pidgin.\n<li class=\"l\"> Incidente: Atacatorii au modificat set\u0103rile BGP ale operatorului de telecomunica\u021bii Orange Espagne. GitHub a actualizat cheile GPG din cauza unei vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een infrastructur\u0103. Scurgerea accesului tokenului de la repozitoarele interne Mercedes.    <\/ul>\n<p>\u00centr-un an, pe OpenNET au fost publicate 1569 de \u0219tiri, la care au fost l\u0103sate 158 de mii de comentarii. Toamna anului 2024 marcheaz\u0103 28 de ani de la \u00eenfiin\u021barea proiectului OpenNET.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62475\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e: \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u044b: \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 NixOS. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u041f\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 GfNOME Foundation. \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 B\u0441acheFS \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 Python. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442 WordPress c WP Engine, \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 ACF. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f 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