{"id":121754,"date":"2025-02-07T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T13:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/krizis-v-prodvizhenii-rust-v-yadro-iz-za-opasenij-uslozhneniya-soprovozhdeniya"},"modified":"2025-02-07T15:46:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T13:46:00","slug":"krizis-v-prodvizhenii-rust-v-yadro-iz-za-opasenij-uslozhneniya-soprovozhdeniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/krizis-v-prodvizhenii-rust-v-yadro-iz-za-opasenij-uslozhneniya-soprovozhdeniya","title":{"rendered":"Criza promov\u0103rii Rust \u00een kernel din cauza temerilor legate de complexitatea \u00eentre\u021binerii","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, \u00eentre\u021bin\u0103tor al subsistemelor DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0219i arhitecturii PowerPC \u00een nucleul Linux, care la un moment dat a fost membru al comitetului tehnic de conducere al organiza\u021biei Linux Foundation \u0219i a ac\u021bionat ca reclamant \u00eentr-o disput\u0103 judiciar\u0103 legat\u0103 de GPL cu VMware, a refuzat s\u0103 confirme corec\u021biile legate de suportul dezvolt\u0103rii driverelor \u00een limbajul Rust. Corec\u021biile propuse ad\u0103ugau \u00eenveli\u0219uri peste mai multe func\u021bii ale subsistemului DMA, permi\u021b\u00e2nd utilizarea DMA \u00een driverele scrise \u00een Rust. <\/p>\n

Ca motiv pentru refuz, s-a men\u021bionat complicarea \u00eentre\u021binerii codului \u00een prezen\u021ba \u00eenveli\u0219urilor \u00een alte limbaje \u0219i dorin\u021ba de a p\u0103stra interfe\u021bele software c\u0103tre DMA \u00eentr-o form\u0103 lizibil\u0103 \u00een limbajul C, f\u0103r\u0103 a le estompa cu \u00eenveli\u0219uri neclare. Christoph a propus s\u0103 se adreseze direct API-ului surs\u0103 C al DMA \u00een fiecare driver scris \u00een Rust, pentru a nu crea abstrac\u021bii suplimentare de care trebuie s\u0103 depind\u0103 cei care \u00eentre\u021bin nucleul. <\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorii patch-urilor au men\u021bionat c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i vor asuma \u00eentreaga responsabilitate pentru mentenan\u021ba codului \u00een Rust, sunt preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 gestioneze aceste patch-uri de unul singur \u0219i au mutat wrapper-urile \u00eentr-un subdirector separat (rust\/kernel\/dma.rs). Ca r\u0103spuns, Christoph a pus veto (\u201eNacked-by\u201d) accept\u0103rii patch-urilor legate de Rust \u0219i a men\u021bionat c\u0103 nu are nevoie de un alt men\u021binator. Christoph a declarat c\u0103, dac\u0103 dezvoltatorii wrapper-urilor doresc s\u0103 provoace incapacitatea de a men\u021bine Linux din cauza amestecului a mai multor limbi \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 baz\u0103 de cod, ar trebui s\u0103 fac\u0103 acest lucru \u00een driverul lor, nu s\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 aceast\u0103 tumor\u0103 malign\u0103 asupra subsystemelor de baz\u0103 ale nucleului. <\/p>\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, Christoph a precizat c\u0103 nu are nimic \u00eempotriva limbajului Rust \u0219i \u00eel consider\u0103 unul dintre cele mai bune limbaje noi, dar este \u00eempotriva amestec\u0103rii codului \u00een diferite limbaje. Conform lui Christoph, este \u00een favoarea cre\u0103rii de noi proiecte \u00een Rust, dar \u00eempotriva amestec\u0103rii Rust \u00een baze de cod mari \u00een C, deoarece o astfel de amestecare reduce considerabil confortul \u00eentre\u021binerii nucleului, ca proiect integrat. <\/p>\n

Esentialele problemelor cu mentenan\u021ba constau \u00een faptul c\u0103 wrapper-urile Rust depind de codul scris \u00een Rust. La prima vedere, pare c\u0103 wrapper-urile sunt doar suprastructuri asupra structurilor \u0219i func\u021biilor C, care nu afecteaz\u0103 \u00een niciun fel dezvoltarea \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binerea codului C. Dar nu este a\u0219a. Av\u00e2nd asemenea wrapper-uri, dezvoltatorii subsistemelor scrise \u00een C trebuie s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 cont de influen\u021ba modific\u0103rilor lor asupra continuit\u0103\u021bii func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii wrapper-urilor. Orice modificare a structurilor de date sau a func\u021biilor interne \u00een C poate duce la necesitatea modific\u0103rii codului wrapper-urilor, astfel c\u0103 modific\u0103rile privind wrapper-urile \u00een codul C trebuie monitorizate \u0219i sincronizate cu codul \u00een Rust. Mul\u021bi mentenan\u021bi nu sunt preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i asume responsabilitatea suplimentar\u0103 pentru corectarea problemelor care apar \u00een codul \u00een Rust \u0219i nu inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i petreac\u0103 timpul urm\u0103rind starea wrapper-urilor Rust. <\/p>\n

Situa\u021bia cu complicarea mentenan\u021bei nu este pur teoretic\u0103. La discu\u021bie s-a al\u0103turat Jason Gunthorpe, mentenent TPM, VFIO \u0219i Infiniband din compania NVIDIA, care a dat un exemplu al refuzului lui Linus Torvalds de a accepta un pull request cu modific\u0103ri \u00een subsistemul de gestionare a memoriei, \u00eentruc\u00e2t acea modificare provoca o eroare atunci c\u00e2nd se \u00eencerca compilarea nucleului cu suport pentru Rust. Eroarea a ap\u0103rut deoarece mentenan\u021bii codului \u00een Rust nu au ad\u0103ugat modific\u0103rile necesare \u00een generatorul de wrapper-uri (bindgen). Astfel, mentenan\u021bii subsistemului de gestionare a memoriei s-au v\u0103zut dependen\u021bi de codul op\u021bional de ter\u021b\u0103 parte din nucleu, pentru care r\u0103spund alte persoane, \u00een timp ce avansau o modificare care era perfect valid\u0103 din perspectiva codului \u00een C \u0219i a nucleului \u00een ansamblu. <\/p>\n

Refuzul de a accepta codul wrapper-ului deasupra apelurilor DMA a l\u0103sat dezvoltatorii proiectului Rust for Linux \u00een impas, deoarece f\u0103r\u0103 aceste wrapper-uri dezvoltarea driverelor complete \u00een Rust va fi \u00eengreunat\u0103. Hector Martin, men\u021binatorul codului pentru suportul chip-urilor ARM de la Apple \u0219i liderul proiectului Ashai Linux, a propus ca solu\u021bie pentru conflict s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 acceptarea wrapper-ului direct prin Linus Torvalds, ocolind men\u021binatorul subsystemului DMA. Dac\u0103 Linus va accepta o astfel de \u00eenc\u0103lcare a subordon\u0103rii \u0219i a practicilor stabilite, acest lucru ar putea duce la o criz\u0103 de conducere \u00een dezvoltarea nucleului, iar dac\u0103 refuz\u0103 \u2014 va opri avansarea Rust \u00een nucleu. <\/p>\n

Ca variant, Hector a men\u021bionat atragerea lui Christoph la r\u0103spundere pentru \u00eenc\u0103lcarea codului de conduit\u0103 din cauza unui comentariu \u00een care Christoph a comparat Rust cu o tumor\u0103 canceroas\u0103. \u00cen plus, Hector a scris c\u0103 s-a s\u0103turat de toate birocra\u021biile, nu este dispus s\u0103 aib\u0103 \u00eencredere \u00een procesele stabilite \u0219i a sugerat implicarea re\u021belelor sociale. Dave Airlie, \u00eentre\u021bin\u0103torul subsistemului DRM, a sf\u0103tuit s\u0103 nu se exagereze conflictul \u0219i s\u0103 se \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 c\u0103 comportamentul toxic nu este acceptabil din niciuna dintre p\u0103r\u021bi, indiferent dac\u0103 participantul la discu\u021bie are sau nu dreptate. <\/p>\n

Linus Torvalds s-a al\u0103turat discu\u021biei, subliniind c\u0103 problema ar putea fi \u00een Hector \u0219i \u00een \u00eencrederea sa exagerat\u0103 c\u0103 \u0219tie ceva mai bine dec\u00e2t al\u021bii, nu \u00een procesul actual de dezvoltare a nucleului, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103. Procesul de dezvoltare a nucleului are probleme, dar aceasta este o realitate de via\u021b\u0103 \u2014 \u00een via\u021b\u0103 nu exist\u0103 nimic perfect. \u00cencerc\u0103rile de intimidare prin re\u021belele sociale sunt ceea ce \u00eei d\u0103uneaz\u0103 lui Linus \u00een a avea orice leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu abordarea lui Hector. Pentru Linus, discu\u021biile tehnice \u0219i patch-urile conteaz\u0103, nu presiunea exercitat\u0103 prin re\u021belele sociale. <\/p>\n

Ca r\u0103spuns, Hector a trimis o solicitare de a fi eliminat din r\u00e2ndul men\u021binatorilor platformei ARM\/APPLE, deoarece \u0219i-a pierdut \u00eencrederea \u00een procesul de dezvoltare aplicat \u00een nucleu \u0219i \u00een abordarea managementului comunit\u0103\u021bii. De asemenea, el a afirmat c\u0103 dezvoltarea platformei ARM\/Apple va continua \u00een afara nucleului principal Linux. Platforma ARM\/Apple are un alt men\u021binator r\u0103mas \u00een nucleu \u2014 Sven Peter, care inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 continue sus\u021binerea platformei \u00een nucleu.
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Foundation \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0446\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441 GPL \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441 VMware, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Criza promov\u0103rii Rust \u00een nucleu din cauza temerilor de complexitate \u00een \u00eentre\u021binere | ProHoster","description":"Christoph Hellwig, \u00eentre\u021bin\u0103torul subsistemului DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0219i arhitecturii PowerPC \u00een nucleul Linux, a fost c\u00e2ndva parte a comitetului tehnic de conducere al organiza\u021biei Linux 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\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Foundation 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