{"id":122619,"date":"2025-03-20T01:48:38","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T23:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=122619"},"modified":"2026-02-08T23:29:57","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T21:29:57","slug":"nachalos-beta-testirovanie-fedora-linux-42","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/nachalos-beta-testirovanie-fedora-linux-42","title":{"rendered":"A \u00eenceput testarea beta pentru Fedora Linux 42","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost lansat\u0103 versiunea beta a distribu\u021biei Fedora Linux 42, marc\u00e2nd trecerea \u00een etapa final\u0103 de testare, \u00een care sunt acceptate doar corecturi pentru erorile critice. Lansarea este planificat\u0103 pentru 22 aprilie. Versiunea include Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite \u0219i versiunile Live, livrate sub form\u0103 de spini cu medii personalizate Xfce, MATE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Phosh, Miracle, LXQt, Budgie, Sway \u0219i Cosmic. Versiunile sunt disponibile pentru arhitecturile x86_64, Power64 \u0219i ARM64 (AArch64).       <\/p>\n<p>Cele mai semnificative schimb\u0103ri \u00een Fedora Linux 42:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Build-ul Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop a ob\u021binut statutul de edi\u021bie de baz\u0103 a distribu\u021biei, identic\u0103 ca nivel de suport cu Fedora Workstation. Astfel, op\u021biunile de distribu\u021bie cu GNOME \u0219i KDE au acum un statut identic \u0219i sunt prezentate pe picior de egalitate. Problemele grave specifice KDE sunt acum considerate blocante pentru lansare, la fel cum erau problemele grave din GNOME. \u00cen plus, \u00een Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru arhitectura Power (ppc64le), pentru care este disponibil \u00eentregul pachet de aplica\u021bii KDE, inclusiv KDE PIM. S-au preg\u0103tit versiuni Live cu KDE pentru sistemele OpenPOWER, cum ar fi Talos Workstation, care suport\u0103 op\u021biunea de instalare.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate oficiale Spin-uri ale distribu\u021biei cu mediu desktop COSMIC, dezvoltat de compania System76 \u00een limbajul Rust. COSMIC ofer\u0103 moduri de aranjare hibrid\u0103 a ferestrelor \u0219i fixare \u00een stiv\u0103 a ferestrelor (gruparea ferestrelor similar cu tab-urile din browser), care pot fi activate cu leg\u0103tura la birourile virtuale.\n<li class=\"l\"> Desktopul \u00een Fedora Workstation a fost actualizat la ramura GNOME 48, a c\u0103rei lansare este programat\u0103 pentru m\u00e2ine. Au fost actualizate desktopurile Xfce 4.20 \u0219i LXQt 2.1.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Fedora Workstation este utilizat\u0103 \u00een mod implicit o nou\u0103 variant\u0103 a instalatorului Anaconda, care \u00eenlocuie\u0219te interfa\u021ba bazat\u0103 pe biblioteca GTK cu o interfa\u021b\u0103 web. Interfa\u021ba web este construit\u0103 folosind framework-ul JavaScript React, elemente de design PatternFly \u0219i componente din proiectul Cockpit, deja folosit \u00een produsele Red Hat pentru configurare \u0219i <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-dronten\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"990\">gestionarea serverelor<\/a>. \u00cen loc de ecranul principal cu lista de ac\u021biuni, noul interfa\u021b\u0103 este organizat sub forma unui asistent (Wizard), care presupune executarea succesiunilor de pa\u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 a reveni la ecranul principal. Interfa\u021ba web permite interac\u021biunea printr-un browser pentru gestionarea de la distan\u021b\u0103 a instal\u0103rii.\n<p>Interfa\u021ba propus\u0103 este lipsit\u0103 de complexitate \u0219i este mai u\u0219or de \u00een\u021beles pentru utilizatorii \u00eencep\u0103tori. Se recomand\u0103 utilizarea modului automatizat (guided) pentru partajarea discului, \u00een care instalatorul alege singur parametrii de creare sau modificare a parti\u021biilor pe baza set\u0103rilor alese de utilizator. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea de reinstalare a distribuirii (de exemplu, pentru a restabili func\u021bionarea \u00een cazul deterior\u0103rii unor fi\u0219iere sistem), precum \u0219i posibilitatea de instalare \u00een modul de boot dual pentru utilizarea mai multor sisteme de operare pe un singur computer.    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Instalatorul clasic Anaconda a fost actualizat pentru a utiliza protocolul Wayland, ceea ce a permis eliminarea dependen\u021belor asociate cu X11 din suporturile de instalare. Procesul de instalare de la distan\u021b\u0103 a fost transferat de la clientul VNC TigerVNC la aplica\u021bia grd (Gnome Remote Desktop), care utilizeaz\u0103 protocolul RDP. \u00cen mod implicit, pentru toate arhitecturile suportate, este utilizat\u0103 partajarea pe sectoare cu GPT.\n<li class=\"l\"> Con\u021binutul directoarelor \/usr\/bin \u0219i \/usr\/sbin a fost unit. Directorul \/usr\/sbin a fost \u00eenlocuit cu un link simbolic care indic\u0103 c\u0103tre \/usr\/bin. Separarea fi\u0219ierelor executabile \u00een directoare bin \u0219i sbin este considerat\u0103 o practic\u0103 \u00eenvechit\u0103, care \u0219i-a pierdut sensul \u00een distribu\u021biile moderne. Unificarea bin \u0219i sbin va simplifica munca celor care \u00eentre\u021bin pachetele, care nu vor mai trebui s\u0103 ghiceasc\u0103 \u00een ce director s\u0103 plaseze fi\u0219ierul executabil; va face sistemul mai previzibil \u0219i mai u\u0219or de \u00een\u021beles pentru utilizatori; va cre\u0219te compatibilitatea cu alte distribu\u021bii; va reduce num\u0103rul de verific\u0103ri ale directoarelor la executarea execvp() \u0219i apeluri similare.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate grupuri noi flatpak \u0219i diskadmin pentru a asigura accesul utilizatorilor f\u0103r\u0103 privilegii la func\u021biile de gestionare a pachetelor de sistem \u00een format Flatpak \u0219i la dispozitivele de stocare externe. Aceast\u0103 modificare a permis eliminarea necesit\u0103\u021bii de a ad\u0103uga utilizatorul \u00een grupul wheel, adic\u0103 ofer\u0103 posibilitatea de a lucra cu flatpak \u0219i cu unit\u0103\u021bi externe f\u0103r\u0103 a oferi acces la celelalte opera\u021biuni de administrare. Pentru utilizatorii care fac parte din grupul wheel, s-a oferit \u00een plus posibilitatea de deblocare (LUKS) \u0219i montare a dispozitivelor externe f\u0103r\u0103 a solicita introducerea parolei.\n<li class=\"l\"> Este permis\u0103 includerea \u00een pachete a unor variante suplimentare de fi\u0219iere executabile, compileaz\u0103 cu optimiz\u0103ri pentru microarhitecturile x86-64-v2, x86-64-v3 \u0219i x86-64-v4. \u00cen majoritatea cazurilor, cre\u0219terea performan\u021bei la compilarea pentru aceste arhitecturi nu dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 10%, dar \u00een anumite situa\u021bii duce la o cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 a performan\u021bei (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 120%). Decizia de a ad\u0103uga fi\u0219iere executabile suplimentar optimizate este luat\u0103 de mentori, \u00een func\u021bie de rezultatele test\u0103rii performan\u021bei pachetelor respective.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile live ale distribu\u021biei, care utilizeaz\u0103 o imagine de sistem \u00een modul doar citire, au fost migrate de la SquashFS la sistemul de fi\u0219iere EROFS. Printre motivele tranzi\u021biei se num\u0103r\u0103 o dezvoltare mai activ\u0103 a EROFS (ultimul release al instrumentului SquashFS a fost \u00een prim\u0103vara anului 2023) \u0219i existen\u021ba \u00een EROFS a unor capacit\u0103\u021bi extinse, care ar putea fi utilizate \u00een viitor. Comparativ cu SquashFS, \u00een EROFS nivelul de compresie este mai slab (dimensiunea imaginii 2.7 GiB \u00een EROFS fa\u021b\u0103 de 2.0 GiB \u00een SquashFS folosind algoritmul de compresie XZ \u0219i 3.9 GiB fa\u021b\u0103 de 3.1 GiB folosind LZ4), dar viteza de acces aleator \u0219i l\u0103\u021bimea de band\u0103 sunt mai mari (7.1 MiB\/s \u00een EROFS fa\u021b\u0103 de 5.0 MiB\/s \u00een SquashFS pentru XZ \u0219i 30.9 MiB\/s fa\u021b\u0103 de 26.3 MiB\/s pentru LZ4).\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile actualizabile atomic din distribu\u021bia pentru sisteme desktop (Fedora Atomic Desktops), cum ar fi Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora Sway Atomic \u0219i Fedora Budgie Atomic, sunt, \u00een mod implicit, traduse pe sistemul de fi\u0219iere Composefs, ceea ce a permis utilizarea unei parti\u021bii r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een modul doar citire, \u0219i ulterior activarea instrumentelor de verificare a integrit\u0103\u021bii pentru parti\u021bia sistemului, permi\u021b\u00e2nd identificarea problemelor care pot ap\u0103rea \u00een timpul utiliz\u0103rii. Parti\u021biile \/etc \u0219i \/var continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie montate cu posibilitate de scriere. Sistemul de fi\u0219iere Composefs este realizat ca un overlay peste sistemele de fi\u0219iere deja existente \u00een kernel, OverlayFS \u0219i EROFS, \u0219i este optimizat pentru stocarea eficient\u0103 a con\u021binutului mai multor imagini de disc montate.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen edi\u021bia Fedora Kinoite (varianta actualizabil\u0103 atomic\u0103 cu KDE), instalarea automat\u0103 a actualiz\u0103rilor este inclus\u0103 \u00een mod implicit.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sunt disponibile versiuni oficiale Fedora pentru subsistemul WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux), care sunt incluse \u00een lista distribu\u021biilor Linux oferite pentru instalare rapid\u0103 \u00een WSL. Versiunile sunt formate \u00eentr-un nou format care permite distribuirea distribu\u021biei f\u0103r\u0103 desc\u0103rcarea \u00een catalogul Microsoft Store, f\u0103r\u0103 ambalare \u00een format appx \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 includerea codului specific Windows. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/\"   title=\"servere\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1754\">servere<\/a> A fost activat un nou ramur\u0103 a bibliotecii multimedia SDL 3. Pentru aplica\u021biile bazate pe SDL, protocolul Wayland este utilizat \u00een mod implicit. Bibliotecile SDL 2 sunt \u00eenlocuite cu un strat de compatibilitate sdl2-compat, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 deasupra SDL 3.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen managerul de pachete DNF5 a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru eliminarea din sistem a cheilor PGP ale repository-urilor care sunt \u00eenvechite sau care nu mai sunt valide, ceea ce a permis automatizarea gestion\u0103rii cheilor la instalarea \u0219i actualizarea programelor.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen managerul de pachete RPM a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru crearea de utilizatori \u0219i grupuri pe baza fi\u0219ierelor de configurare furnizate \u00een pachete, care sunt plasate \u00een directorul Sysusers.d, utilizat \u00een systemd.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un generator de dependen\u021be pentru extensiile GNOME Shell, care permite legarea pachetelor rpm cu extensiile la versiunile GNOME Shell.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen DNF \u0219i RPM, modul \u201eCopy on Write\u201d este activat \u00een mod implicit, implementat prin reflink \u00een Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\">  \u00cen DNF \u0219i RPM, modul &#171;Copy on Write&#187; este activat \u00een mod implicit, implementat prin reflink \u00een Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Actualiz\u0103rile versiunilor pachetelor include:  LLVM 20, GCC 15-test, binutils 2.44, glibc 2.41, gdb 15, Go 1.24, Tcl\/Tk 9.0, Ruby 3.4, Zlib-ng  2.2.x, Setuptools 74, Django 5.x, Ansible 11,  PHP 8.4, numpy 2.1.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen depozitul pentru arhitectura AArch64 a fost ad\u0103ugat emulatorul FEX, care permite rularea fi\u0219ierelor executabile compilate pentru arhitecturile x86 \u0219i x86-64 \u00eentr-un mediu ARM64 (AArch64). Componentele bazate pe FEX pentru rularea programelor x86 sunt integrate \u00een versiunile Fedora cu mediul desktop KDE.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost extins suportul pentru camere web cu interfa\u021b\u0103 MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface), care sunt tot mai frecvent utilizate pe laptopuri \u0219i tablete \u00een loc de UVC (USB Video Class).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru criptarea memoriei ma\u0219inilor virtuale prin tehnologiile AMD SEV-SNP \u0219i Intel TDX.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele care folosesc doar fi\u0219ierul executabil git au fost trecute pe leg\u0103tura la dependen\u021ba git-core, nu pe pachetul complet git.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ecranul de \u00eenc\u0103rcare Plymouth a fost transformat pentru a folosi modulul de nucleu simpledrm, elimin\u00e2nd a\u0219teptarea ini\u021bializ\u0103rii driverului pentru GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Firewalld, \u00een versiunile pentru sta\u021bii de lucru, modul rpfilter (Reverse Path Filter) &#171;loose&#187; este activat \u00een mod implicit pentru IPv6, \u00een loc de &#171;strict&#187;.       <\/ul>\n<p>De asemenea, a fost anun\u021bat testarea beta a distribu\u021biei Fedora Asahi Remix 42, destinat\u0103 instal\u0103rii pe computere Mac echipate cu cipuri ARM dezvoltate de Apple. Fedora Asahi Remix 42 se bazeaz\u0103 pe baza de pachete Fedora Linux 42-beta \u0219i este echipat cu instalatorul Calamares. Se asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea pe sistemele Apple MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, Mac Studio \u0219i iMac echipate cu cipurile ARM Apple M1 \u0219i M2.   <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Fedora Asahi sunt complet suportate: subsistemul audio al computerelor Apple, camera, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, dispozitivele de intrare, USB Type C (USB 3.0) \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103rcarea wireless MagSafe. Momentan nu este suportat: conectarea ecranului prin USB-C, Thunderbolt\/USB4, microfonul \u0219i Touch ID. \u00cen driverele grafice este suportat OpenGL 4.6, OpenGL ES 3.2 \u0219i Vulkan 1.4. Aplicatiile compilate pentru sistemele x86_64 sunt rulate folosind instrumentarul muvm \u0219i un strat de emulare pe baza pachetului FEX.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62902\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora Linux 42, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a. \u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 22 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite \u0438 Live-\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora Linux 42, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044e 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