Cercet\u0103torii de la ARMO au demonstrat posibilitatea de a crea rootkit-uri care nu folosesc apeluri de sistem specifice pentru a efectua opera\u021biuni comune, cum ar fi citirea\/scrierea fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i primirea comenzilor de la un server extern. \u00cen loc de apelurile de sistem pentru a efectua opera\u021biuni de re\u021bea \u0219i fi\u0219iere, s-a propus utilizarea interfe\u021bei de input\/output asincron io_uring, sus\u021binut\u0103 \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu kernel-ul Linux 5.1. <\/p>\n
Esenta metodei const\u0103 \u00een faptul c\u0103, \u00een loc de apeluri de sistem separate pentru accesarea fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i efectuarea opera\u021biunilor de re\u021bea (read\/write, recv\/send\/connect\/bind\/listen), se pot folosi apeluri de sistem comune io_uring (io_uring_enter, io_uring_setup, io_uring_register etc.), care nu sunt analizate de instrumentele standard pentru identificarea activit\u0103\u021bii mali\u021bioase. Interfa\u021ba io_uring sus\u021bine aproximativ 60 de opera\u021biuni diferite. Se afl\u0103 \u00een dezvoltare o capacitate care permite lansarea de procese noi prin intermediul io_uring. <\/p>\n
Pentru a demonstra func\u021bionarea metodei, a fost preg\u0103tit un prototype de rootkit numit Curing, care execut\u0103 ac\u021biuni precum primirea comenzilor de la un extern server<\/a> \u0219i transmiterea\/modificarea fi\u0219ierelor. \u00cen demonstra\u021bie s-a utilizat trimiterea unei cereri c\u0103tre portul TCP 8888 al unui gazd\u0103 extern\u0103 \u0219i trimiterea con\u021binutului fi\u0219ierului \u201e\/etc\/shadow\u201d. Se presupune c\u0103, dup\u0103 compromiterea cu succes a sistemului \u0219i ob\u021binerea drepturilor root, atacatorul instaleaz\u0103 un rootkit pentru a-\u0219i consolida prezen\u021ba \u00een sistemul compromis. <\/p>\n \u00cen experimentul realizat, activitatea rootkit-ului Curing a fost neobservat\u0103 de instrumentele de monitorizare Falco \u0219i Tetragon, folosite pentru a identifica anomalii legate de securitate pe gazde \u0219i \u00een containere (se sus\u021bine integrarea cu infrastructura bazat\u0103 pe Kubernetes). Aceste instrumente folosesc interceptarea apelurilor de sistem pentru a analiza astfel de evenimente ca lansarea proceselor, activitatea de re\u021bea \u0219i manipularea fi\u0219ierelor, dar nu iau \u00een considerare posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii subsistemului io_uring pentru astfel de opera\u021biuni. Majoritatea sistemelor comerciale de detec\u021bie \u0219i reac\u021bie la incidente de securitate disponibile pentru Linux se bazeaz\u0103 de asemenea pe interceptarea apelurilor de sistem. <\/p>\n Pentru a preveni ocolirea instrumentelor de urm\u0103rire a activit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei \u0219i fi\u0219ierului, este recomandat s\u0103 folosi\u021bi mecanismul KRSI (Kernel Runtime Security Instrumentation), care a ap\u0103rut \u00een nucleul Linux 5.7 \u0219i permite ata\u0219area programelor BPF la orice hook-uri LSM. De exemplu, KRSI la nivelul hook-urilor LSM ofer\u0103 posibilitatea de a urm\u0103ri opera\u021biunile cu fi\u0219iere, accesul la re\u021bea \u0219i lansarea proceselor, indiferent dac\u0103 aceste opera\u021biuni sunt ini\u021biate prin apeluri sistemice specifice sau prin io_uring. <\/p>\n Anterior, subsistemul io_uring a fost obiectul criticii din cauza vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bilor grave care ap\u0103reau constant. Ca r\u0103spuns la cererile utilizatorilor care doreau un instrument simplu pentru a dezactiva io_uring f\u0103r\u0103 a recompile nucleul, \u00een nucleul Linux 6.6 a fost ad\u0103ugat sysctl io_uring_disabled. Compania Google a dezactivat io_uring \u00een mod implicit \u00een ChromeOS, Android \u0219i pe dispozitivele sale. servere<\/a>, explic\u00e2nd c\u0103 situa\u021bia de nesiguran\u021b\u0103 din io_uring dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te avantajele utiliz\u0103rii io_uring pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea performan\u021bei. \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 ARMO \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\/\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\/\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 io_uring, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.1. \u0421\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prototip de rootkit pentru Linux care folose\u0219te io_uring pentru a ocoli analizoarele apelurilor de sistem | ProHoster","description":"Cercet\u0103torii de la ARMO au demonstrat posibilitatea cre\u0103rii de rootkits care nu folosesc apeluri de sistem specifice pentru a efectua opera\u021biuni comune, cum ar fi citirea\/scrierea fi\u0219ierelor \u0219i primirea comenzilor din 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Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"