{"id":138764,"date":"2025-07-06T17:12:03","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T15:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-komandnoj-obolochki-bash-5-3"},"modified":"2025-07-06T17:12:03","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T15:12:03","slug":"reliz-komandnoj-obolochki-bash-5-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-komandnoj-obolochki-bash-5-3","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea shell-ului Bash 5.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dup\u0103 aproape trei ani de dezvoltare, a fost lansat\u0103 o nou\u0103 versiune a interpretului de comenzi GNU Bash 5.3, utilizat implicit \u00een majoritatea distribu\u021biilor Linux. De asemenea, a fost creat\u0103 versiunea bibliotecii readline 8.3, folosit\u0103 \u00een bash pentru gestionarea edit\u0103rii liniei de comand\u0103.    <\/p>\n<p>Printre \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile cheie se num\u0103r\u0103:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Sunt implementate noi forme de substitu\u021bie a comenzilor &#171;${ command; }&#187; \u0219i &#171;${|command;}&#187;, care permit interceptarea ie\u0219irii comenzii f\u0103r\u0103 a crea un proces copil separat \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 a folosi canale f\u0103r\u0103 nume. Rezultatele execu\u021biei comenzii sunt returnate ca rezultat al substitu\u021biei sau sunt salvate \u00een variabila REPLY.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o nou\u0103 variabil\u0103 GLOBSORT, care define\u0219te modul de sortare atunci c\u00e2nd se completeaz\u0103 calea fi\u0219ierului. De exemplu, se poate alege sortarea dup\u0103 nume (GLOBSORT=name), dimensiune (GLOBSORT=size) sau timp de modificare (GLOBSORT=mtime), dar se poate defini \u0219i o ordine direct\u0103 (de la mic la mare) sau invers\u0103 (de la mare la mic) a sort\u0103rii (de exemplu, pentru &#171;GLOBSORT=-size&#187; fi\u0219ierele cele mai mari vor fi afi\u0219ate primele).\n<li class=\"l\"> Comanda integrat\u0103 &#171;compgen&#187; a fost extins\u0103 cu op\u021biunea &#171;-V varname&#187; pentru a salva complet\u0103rile generate \u00eentr-o variabil\u0103, \u00een loc de a le afi\u0219a pe fluxul standard.\n<li class=\"l\"> Comanda integrat\u0103 &#171;read&#187; a fost extins\u0103 cu op\u021biunea &#171;-E&#187;, care utilizeaz\u0103 biblioteca readline pentru input de date cu reguli de completare automat\u0103 a construc\u021biilor bash.\n<li class=\"l\"> Comanda integrat\u0103 &#171;source&#187; a fost extins\u0103 cu op\u021biunea &#171;-p PATH&#187;, permi\u021b\u00e2nd redefinirea listei de c\u0103utare \u00een c\u0103ile fi\u0219ierelor (valoarea specificat\u0103 este utilizat\u0103 \u00een locul variabilei $PATH).\n<li class=\"l\"> Codul surs\u0103 a fost actualizat pentru a utiliza standardul C23. A fost eliminat\u0103 posibilitatea compil\u0103rii de c\u0103tre compilatoare \u00een modul &#171;K&#038;R C&#187; (stilul corespunz\u0103tor descrierii limbajului C \u00een cartea &#171;The C Programming Language&#187; de Kernighan \u0219i Ritchie).\n<li class=\"l\"> Comanda integrat\u0103 &#171;umask&#187; asigur\u0103 acum compatibilitate deplin\u0103 cu specifica\u021biile POSIX.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 comanda \u00eenc\u0103rcabil\u0103 &#171;kv&#187;, care formeaz\u0103 un array asociativ pe baza unui set de date \u00een format &#171;cheie valoare&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 comanda \u00eenc\u0103rcabil\u0103 &#171;strptime&#187;, care transform\u0103 reprezentarea textului datei \u0219i orei \u00een timp epocal (num\u0103rul de secunde de la 1 ianuarie 1970).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 comanda \u00eenc\u0103rcabil\u0103 &#171;fltexpr&#187;, care permite efectuarea opera\u021biunilor aritmetice cu numere \u00een virgul\u0103 mobil\u0103, similar cu comanda let.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 variabila dinamic\u0103 BASH_MONOSECONDS, care con\u021bine valoarea curent\u0103 a ceasului monotonic al sistemului, care cre\u0219te continuu, chiar \u0219i atunci c\u00e2nd se schimb\u0103 timpul la o valoare anterioar\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen modul POSIX, compararea \u0219irurilor \u00een comanda &#171;test&#187;, folosind operatorii &#171;&lt;&#187; \u0219i &#171;&gt;&#187;, se va face acum \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de localele curente.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen comanda &#171;bind -x&#187; este permis\u0103 separarea prin spa\u021biu a tastei \u0219i a comenzii invocate, dac\u0103 secven\u021ba este \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00een ghilimele.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen noua versiune Readline a fost propus\u0103 op\u021biunea &#171;search-ignore-case&#187; pentru c\u0103utarea \u00een istorie f\u0103r\u0103 a \u021bine cont de registrul literelor. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 comanda &#171;export-completions&#187; pentru a exporta variantele de completare a cuv\u00e2ntului pentru prelucrare \u00een alte procese. A fost introdus\u0103 comanda &#171;execute-named-command&#187; pentru a executa o comand\u0103 al c\u0103rei nume a fost ob\u021binut din fluxul standard de intrare.      <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63532\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 GNU Bash 5.3, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 Linux. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 readline 8.3, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 bash \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0418\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0420\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 &#171;${ command; }&#187; \u0438 &#171;${|command;}&#187;, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138764","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 GNU Bash 5.3, 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