{"id":142053,"date":"2025-08-31T23:11:55","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T21:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/otchyot-o-razvitii-freebsd-za-vtoroj-kvartal-2025-goda"},"modified":"2025-08-31T23:11:55","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T21:11:55","slug":"otchyot-o-razvitii-freebsd-za-vtoroj-kvartal-2025-goda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/otchyot-o-razvitii-freebsd-za-vtoroj-kvartal-2025-goda","title":{"rendered":"Raportul despre evolu\u021bia FreeBSD pentru al doilea trimestru din 2025","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost publicat raportul de dezvoltare al proiectului FreeBSD pentru al doilea trimestru din 2025. Printre modific\u0103ri se num\u0103r\u0103:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Echipa de baz\u0103 FreeBSD dezvolt\u0103 reguli pentru utilizarea AI-ului \u0219i a modelelor lingvistice mari \u00een procesul de dezvoltare. Printre posibilele aplica\u021bii ale AI-ului \u00een FreeBSD se num\u0103r\u0103 traducerea documenta\u021biei, rezumarea documentelor mari\/neclare, urm\u0103rirea erorilor \u0219i analiza codului. Generarea de cod folosind AI nu este prev\u0103zut\u0103 pentru moment, \u00een principal din cauza posibilelor probleme de licen\u021biere.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen instalator a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru sistemul pkgbase, care permite instalarea componentelor sistemului de baz\u0103 \u00eentr-un format potrivit pentru gestionare \u0219i actualizare cu ajutorul managerului de pachete pkg. Pachetele pkgbase pot fi livrate at\u00e2t pe suportul de instalare pentru instalare offline, c\u00e2t \u0219i desc\u0103rcate din repository-ul pkg.freebsd.org.\n<li class=\"l\"> Proiectul bsd-user-4-linux continu\u0103 s\u0103 se dezvolte, permi\u021b\u00e2nd rularea aplica\u021biilor construite pentru FreeBSD \u00een sistemele Linux. Obiectivul proiectului este de a permite construirea pachetelor pentru FreeBSD \u00een Linux, folosind instrumentele native de construire FreeBSD. Pentru a rula fi\u0219ierele executabile FreeBSD \u00een Linux a fost utilizat un fork al emulatorului QEMU, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een modul User Mode Emulation, destinat rul\u0103rii proceselor compilate pentru alte CPU-uri \u0219i sisteme de operare (QEMU efectueaz\u0103 traducerea apelurilor de sistem \u0219i gestionarea semnalelor). \u00cen prezent, este posibil\u0103 recompilarea FreeBSD cu comanda &#171;make -j80 buildworld&#187;, din Linux. Func\u021bioneaz\u0103 rularea utilitare de baz\u0103, cum ar fi sh, bash, find, grep, git \u0219i clang. Printre modific\u0103rile recente se remarc\u0103 trecerea la baza de cod QEMU 9.2 \u0219i implementarea suportului pentru mecanismul kqueue() \u00een Linux, folosind libkqueue.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru FreeBSD se dezvolt\u0103 platforma de virtualizare Sylve, care permite gestionarea lans\u0103rii printr-o interfa\u021b\u0103 web. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/\"   title=\"ma\u0219ini virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2223\">ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/a> bazat pe hypervizorul Bhyve \u0219i containerele din medii Jail. Proiectul vizeaz\u0103 oferirea de func\u021bionalitate similar\u0103 cu distribu\u021bia Linux Proxmox VE, dar bazat\u0103 pe FreeBSD, Bhyve \u0219i ZFS. Schimb\u0103rile din trimestrul al doilea includ ad\u0103ugarea graficelor pentru vizualizarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii CPU, consumului de RAM \u0219i activit\u0103\u021bii de re\u021bea, o interfa\u021b\u0103 pentru gestionarea interfe\u021belor de re\u021bea, posibilit\u0103\u021bi de lucru cu FS, parti\u021bii, piscine \u0219i snapshoturi ZFS, suport pentru \u00eenc\u0103rcarea imaginilor de ma\u0219ini virtuale prin interfa\u021ba web, \u0219i op\u021biuni pentru crearea \u0219i \u0219tergerea ma\u0219inilor virtuale pentru Bhyve cu suport pentru consola VNC, trecerea PCI a dispozitivelor \u0219i legarea la nuclee CPU selectate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Portul libvirt pentru hypervizorul bhyve a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. A fost prezentat un proiect de testare a driverului bhyve din libvirt \u00een sistemul de integrare continu\u0103 cu FreeBSD. Compatibilitatea driverului bhyve a fost crescut\u0103. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru dispozitive virtio-rnd, configurarea NVRAM \u0219i statistici extinse. A fost implementat suportul pentru accesul la re\u021bea prin NAT bazat pe filtrul de pachete pf.\n<li class=\"l\"> Procesarea tlsbase pe sistemele amd64 a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103, ceea ce a avut un impact pozitiv asupra func\u021bion\u0103rii aplica\u021biilor care gestioneaz\u0103 manual TLS (Thread-Local Storage), cum ar fi Wine.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen linkerul rtld (Runtime linker) a fost implementat\u0103 op\u021biunea &#171;-z initfirst&#187;, care ofer\u0103 func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi suplimentare pentru gestionarea ordinii de ini\u021bializare \u00een aplica\u021biile legate dinamic.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru introspec\u021bia kqueue \u0219i extinse capacit\u0103\u021bile de analiz\u0103 a utiliz\u0103rii mecanismelor de procesare a evenimentelor din nucleu \u00een procese. \u00cen utilitarul procstat a fost implementat un raport de stare pentru kqueue.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen nucleu a fost implementat un flag EXTERROR, care informeaz\u0103 despre existen\u021ba informa\u021biilor extinse despre eroare. Cu ajutorul EXTERROR, aplica\u021biile pot ob\u021bine informa\u021bii diagnostice suplimentare \u00een cazul \u00een care apar erori, care nu se limiteaz\u0103 la codul de eroare.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen baza de cod FreeBSD 15, generarea imaginilor de instalare \u0219i construirea pachetelor binare pentru arhitecturi de 32 de bi\u021bi (i386 \u0219i powerpc) a fost oprit\u0103. Din platformele de 32 de bi\u021bi din ramura FreeBSD 15, a r\u0103mas doar platforma armv7. Modul COMPAT_FREEBSD32, care permite rularea fi\u0219ierelor executabile de 32 de bi\u021bi \u00een medii de 64 de bi\u021bi, a fost p\u0103strat, dar \u00een porturi, suportul pentru construirea de 32 de bi\u021bi va fi oprit.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen ramura FreeBSD 15, comportamentul apelurilor de sistem setgroups, getgroups \u0219i initgroups \u00een procesarea grupurilor de utilizatori este apropiat de alte platforme (diferen\u021ba de implementare \u00een FreeBSD consta \u00een stocarea identificatorului eficient al grupului de procese \u00een primul element al array-ului cu lista grupurilor).\n<li class=\"l\"> Se lucreaz\u0103 la \u00eenlocuirea implement\u0103rii Kerberos \u00een compunerea principal\u0103 a FreeBSD din Heimdal Kerberos \u00een MIT Kerberos. MIT Kerberos este deja inclus \u00een ramura FreeBSD 15-CURRENT, dar este activat momentan doar prin op\u021biunea WITH_MITKRB5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost publicate primele versiuni ale aplica\u021biei SysctlTUI, care ofer\u0103 o interfa\u021b\u0103 text pentru navigarea prin arborele parametrilor sysctl, vizualizarea metadatelor asociate \u0219i modificarea set\u0103rilor.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Raportul despre evolu\u021bia FreeBSD pentru al doilea trimestru din 2025 \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/e39365e1713e17ce3d5bfe3adfd08745.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Se dezvolt\u0103 un nou manager de parti\u021bii Geomman (GEOM Manager), bazat pe sade, care ofer\u0103 func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi suplimentare, precum mutarea, copierea \u0219i lipirea parti\u021biilor de disc. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 UFS, Geomman suport\u0103 ext2, ext3, ext4, exFAT \u0219i NTFS, iar suportul pentru ZFS este planificat. Printre altele, este posibil s\u0103 cre\u0219te\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103 mic\u0219ora\u021bi dimensiunea parti\u021biilor existente cu sistemul de fi\u0219iere ext4 \u0219i s\u0103 crea\u021bi noi parti\u021bii exFAT.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a continuat lucrul la \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea stivei audio FreeBSD. A avut loc cur\u0103\u021barea driverului sound, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 utilitatea sndctl, s-a implementat suportul AFMT_FLOAT, s-a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit semnificativ func\u021bionarea cu dispozitivele audio pe laptopuri \u0219i a \u00eenceput refactorizarea subsistemului MIDI.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a realizat portarea driverelor DRM (i915 \u0219i amdgpu) din nucleul Linux 6.9. Modific\u0103rile sunt \u00een curs de dezvoltare pentru ramura FreeBSD 15-CURRENT, dar probabil vor fi backportate \u00een ramura 14-STABLE.\n<li class=\"l\">  Se lucreaz\u0103 la ad\u0103ugarea modurilor de economisire a energiei S0ix \u0219i s2idle (Suspend-To-Idle), care vor permite reducerea consumului de energie atunci c\u00e2nd se folose\u0219te FreeBSD pe laptopuri moderne cu procesoare Intel \u0219i AMD, dintre care unele nu suport\u0103 modul de somn S3. Driverul USB4 a fost actualizat cu posibilitatea de a trece la modul de consum redus de energie C3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru ramura FreeBSD 15 se dezvolt\u0103 suportul pentru atributele numite ale fi\u0219ierelor (atribute extinse \u00een stil Solaris), care se preconizeaz\u0103 a fi sus\u021binute ca un mecanism alternativ de gestionare a atribuitelor extinse, disponibil pentru ZFS \u0219i NFSv4. Diferen\u021bele fa\u021b\u0103 de metodele tradi\u021bionale de lucru cu atributele extinse \u00een FreeBSD \u0219i Linux constau \u00een reprezentarea atributelor \u00eentr-un director de sistem, nev\u0103zut \u00een spa\u021biul principal de nume F.S. \u0219i asociat cu fi\u0219ierul. Lucrul cu atributele se face ca cu fi\u0219iere obi\u0219nuite; de exemplu, pentru a determina lista atributelor se poate executa func\u021bia readdir().\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost preg\u0103tite patch-uri cu implementarea op\u021biunii de montare &#171;packrat&#187;, care permite organizarea unui cache agresiv al datelor \u00een stocarea local\u0103 non-volatil\u0103 pe partea clientului pentru NFSv4.1\/4.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pe baza LinuxKPI, o stratur\u0103 pentru rularea driverelor Linux pe FreeBSD, se dezvolt\u0103 un nou stack net80211 cu suport pentru standardele Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac) \u0219i Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax). Firmware-ul iwlwififw pentru driverul Intel iwlwifi a fost eliminat din sistemul de baz\u0103 \u00een favoarea instal\u0103rii din porturi \u0219i utiliz\u0103rii utilitarului fwget. \u00cen linuxkpi este implementat suportul pentru wlan_tkip, permi\u021b\u00e2nd utilizarea protocoalelor criptografice TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) \u0219i Michael (Message Integrity Code).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat suportul pentru interfa\u021ba de depanare furnizat\u0103 \u00een controlerele XHCI USB, care permite utilizarea unui cablu special USB 3 pentru gestionarea depan\u0103rii nucleului FreeBSD. O astfel de interfa\u021b\u0103 poate fi utilizat\u0103 pentru depanarea problemelor din driverele grafice, care duc la erori de afi\u0219are.\n<li class=\"l\"> Se lucreaz\u0103 la portarea pentru nucleul FreeBSD a implement\u0103rii originale a sistemelor de fi\u0219iere HFS \u0219i HFS+, pentru care driverul a fost deschis de compania Apple.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost preg\u0103tit un port FreeBSD pentru smartphone-ul Pinephone Pro, incluz\u00e2nd firmware cu suport pentru gestionarea de pe ecranul tactil \u0219i un mediu desktop simplu. Din p\u0103cate, cu c\u00e2teva zile \u00een urm\u0103, proiectul Pine64 a anun\u021bat \u00eencetarea produc\u021biei \u0219i v\u00e2nz\u0103rii smartphone-urilor PinePhone Pro.\n<li class=\"l\"> Num\u0103rul porturilor a crescut de la 36332 la 36605. Printre actualiz\u0103rile din porturi se num\u0103r\u0103: GCC 15, OpenJDK 24.0.1, GNOME 47, KDE Plasma 6.4.1, KDE Framework 6.15.0, Sway 1.11, Qt 6.9.1, Ruby 3.4.4, Rust 1.87.0, SDL 3.2.16, serverul Xorg 21.1.18. \u00cen mod implicit, sunt utilizate versiunile Go 1.24, Perl 5.40, Ruby 3.3, PostgreSQL 17. Mediu pentru Linuxulator a fost actualizat la Rocky Linux 9.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport op\u021bional pentru compilarea porturilor cu specificarea flag-urilor de compilare, inclusiv moduri suplimentare de \u00eent\u0103rire a securit\u0103\u021bii. \u00cen make.conf sunt implementate set\u0103rile:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> WITH_FORTIFY pentru protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva dep\u0103\u0219irii buffer-ului prin ad\u0103ugarea de verific\u0103ri suplimentare \u00een func\u021bii precum memcpy, strcpy \u0219i sprintf;\n<li class=\"l\"> WITH_STACK_AUTOINIT pentru ini\u021bializarea automat\u0103 a variabilelor locale;\n<li class=\"l\"> WITH_ZEROREGS pentru protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva exploiturilor ROP (Return-Oriented Programming) \u0219i scurgerilor de informa\u021bii prin registrele CPU.  <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63807\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 FreeBSD \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0437 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c: FreeBSD Core Team \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f AI \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f AI \u0432\u043e FreeBSD \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445\/\u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 AI \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":142054,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-142053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 FreeBSD \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 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