{"id":146120,"date":"2025-10-22T23:12:25","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T21:12:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-openbsd-7-8"},"modified":"2025-10-22T23:12:25","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T21:12:25","slug":"reliz-openbsd-7-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-openbsd-7-8","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea OpenBSD 7.8","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost lansat\u0103 versiunea sistemului de operare UNIX-liber OpenBSD 7.8. Proiectul OpenBSD a fost fondat de Theo de Raadt \u00een 1995, dup\u0103 un conflict cu dezvoltatorii NetBSD, care a dus la restric\u021bionarea accesului lui Theo la repository-ul CVS al NetBSD. Dup\u0103 aceea, Theo de Raadt, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu un grup de sus\u021bin\u0103tori, a creat un nou sistem de operare deschis pe baza copacului de cod surs\u0103 NetBSD, av\u00e2nd ca obiective cheie portabilitatea (sus\u021binut\u0103 pe 13 platforme hardware), standardizarea, func\u021bionarea corect\u0103, securitatea proactiv\u0103 \u0219i instrumentele criptografice integrate. Dimensiunea imaginii ISO complete de instalare a sistemului de baz\u0103 OpenBSD 7.8 este de 597 MB.       <\/p>\n<p>Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 sistemul de operare \u00een sine, proiectul OpenBSD este cunoscut pentru componentele sale, care au fost adoptate \u00een alte sisteme \u0219i s-au dovedit a fi unele dintre cele mai sigure \u0219i de calitate solu\u021bii. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103: LibreSSL (fork al OpenSSL), OpenSSH, filtrul de pachete PF, demonii de rutare OpenBGPD \u0219i OpenOSPFD, serverul NTP OpenNTPD, po\u0219ta OpenSMTPD, multiplexorul de terminal text tmux, demonul identd cu implementarea protocolului IDENT, alternativa BSDL a pachetului GNU groff \u2014 mandoc, protocolul pentru organizarea sistemelor de redundan\u021b\u0103 CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), serverul http u\u0219or, utilitarul de sincronizare a fi\u0219ierelor OpenRSYNC. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/\"   title=\"serverul\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">serverul<\/a> OpenSMTPD, multiplexor de terminal text (analog GNU screen) tmux, demon identd cu implementarea protocolului IDENT, alternativ\u0103 BSDL pentru pachetul GNU groff \u2014 mandoc, protocol pentru organizarea sistemelor redundante CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), server http u\u0219or, utilitar de sincronizare a fi\u0219ierelor OpenRSYNC.    <\/p>\n<p>Modific\u0103ri principale:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen portul pentru arhitectura ARM64 a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru pl\u0103cile Raspberry Pi 5, a fost implementat driverul acpicpu, iar func\u021biile apm (Advanced Power Management) \u0219i sysctl hw.cpuspeed func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe dispozitivele cu cipuri Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat suportul pentru flagul FD_CLOFORK (close-on-fork) pentru \u00eenchiderea descriptorului de fi\u0219ier pentru procesele fiice dup\u0103 apelul func\u021biei fork(). Comparativ cu celelalte implement\u0103ri, acest flag este resetat dup\u0103 apelul func\u021biei exec() din motive de securitate \u0219i utilizabilitate.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o subsistem\u0103 pentru efectuarea opera\u021biunilor de nivel \u00eenalt pentru alocare, planificare \u0219i gestionarea \u00eentreruperilor software (soft interrupt dispatcher).\n<li class=\"l\"> Nucleul a fost actualizat pentru a utiliza nanosecunde \u00een loc de ticuri de temporizare \u00een timpul execut\u0103rii func\u021biei sleep, ceea ce permite evitarea pierderii de precizie din cauza conversiilor dintre nanosecunde \u0219i ticuri \u0219i invers la ini\u021bierea opera\u021biunilor din func\u021biile bibliotecii \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 compatibilitatea cu sistemele de fi\u0219iere bazate pe mecanismul FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace), \u00een implement\u0103rile c\u0103rora este utilizat\u0103 biblioteca libfuse.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 suportul pentru modul de a\u0219teptare \u0219i hibernare. Asigurat\u0103 rezervarea unei zone de lucru pentru modul de a\u0219teptare \u00een timpul \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii. Ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea de utilizare a modului de a\u0219teptare la conectarea dispozitivelor prin GPIO. Suport pentru trecerea \u00een modul de a\u0219teptare a laptopurilor cu CPU AMD \u00een modul de consum redus de energie S0ix. Implementat sysctl ddb.suspend, care permite omisiunea trecerii \u00een modul de a\u0219teptare pentru driverele inteldrm \u0219i amdgpu, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t ecranul s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 activ. Cre\u0219terea fiabilit\u0103\u021bii func\u021bion\u0103rii modului de a\u0219teptare S3 cu driverul grafic amdgpu.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit suportul pentru sistemele SMP (sisteme multiprocesor). Asigurat\u0103 paralelizarea activit\u0103\u021bilor stivei TCP pe diferite nuclee CPU. Pentru procesarea traficului TCP \u0219i a pachetelor de re\u021bea primite, pot fi folosite acum p\u00e2n\u0103 la 8 fire de execu\u021bie (dar nu mai mult dec\u00e2t nucleele CPU). Implementat\u0103 execu\u021bia paralel\u0103 a opera\u021biunilor de recompunere a fragmentelor de pachete IPv6 \u0219i analiz\u0103 a parametrilor de rutare IPv6. Eliminat\u0103 blocarea global\u0103 a apelurilor de sistem close() \u0219i listen().\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementarea framework-ului drm (Direct Rendering Manager) este sincronizat\u0103 cu nucleul Linux 6.12.50 (\u00een versiunea anterioar\u0103 \u2014 6.12.21). Au fost aduse drivere noi qcdrm \u0219i qcdpc pentru subsistemul DRM al cipurilor Qualcomm Snapdragon \u0219i pentru controlerul DisplayPort Qualcomm.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementat suport pentru operarea \u00een OpenBSD \u00een <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1lne ma\u0161ini\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4296\">virtu\u00e1lne ma\u0161ini<\/a> kvm\/qemu utilizat pentru protec\u021bia sistemului gazd\u0103 prin extensiile AMD SEV-ES (Stare criptat\u0103). \u00cen hipervizorul vmd a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 capacitatea de a rula sisteme gazd\u0103 \u00een modul AMD SEV-ES, pentru activarea c\u0103ruia \u00een vm.conf a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea \u201eseves\u201d. Au fost actualizate dispozitivele emulate Virtio: network, block, entropy \u0219i scsi, care au implementat suportul pentru specifica\u021bia Virtio 1.2.\n<li class=\"l\">  Utilitarul pkg-config a fost convertit de la implementarea proprie \u00een Perl la utilizarea instrumentarului pkgconf 2.4.3, scris \u00een C.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ca utilitar watch, pentru a lansare periodic\u0103 a comenzilor \u0219i a afi\u0219a ie\u0219irile acestora, este utilizat programul iwatch.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen scriptul de securitate, care efectueaz\u0103 verific\u0103ri de securitate periodice, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 func\u021bionalitatea de a crea copii de rezerv\u0103 GPT\/MBR. Pentru a restaura o copie GPT\/MBR dintr-un fi\u0219ier, \u00een utilitarul fdisk a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea \u201e-R\u201d.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen procesul de fundal apmd a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea \u201e-w procent\u201d \u0219i handler-ul \/etc\/apm\/warnlow pentru organizarea afi\u0219\u0103rii unei avertiz\u0103ri atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103rcarea bateriei scade sub nivelul specificat.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat un nou sistem de profilare gprof, utiliz\u00e2nd apelul de sistem profil.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost extins suportul pentru hardware \u0219i au fost ad\u0103ugate noi drivere:\n<ul>\n<li>acpiwmi \u2014 Instrumenta\u021bia de management Windows.    <\/li>\n<li>amdpmc \u2014 controlerul gestion\u0103rii consumului de energie AMD.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmmip \u2014 controlerul MSI BCM2712.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmstbgpio \u2014 controlerul GPIO Broadcom.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmstbintc \u2014 controlerul \u00eentreruperilor Broadcom.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmstbpinctrl \u2014 multiplexare de pini Broadcom.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmstbrescal \u2014 controlerul calibr\u0103rii reset\u0103rii Broadcom.    <\/li>\n<li>bcmstbreset \u2014 controlerul reset\u0103rii Broadcom.    <\/li>\n<li>rpone \u2014 controlerul perferic Raspberry Pi RP1.    <\/li>\n<li>rpiclock \u2014 controlerul ceasului Raspberry Pi RP1.    <\/li>\n<li>rpipwm \u2014 controlerul PWM Raspberry Pi RP1.    <\/li>\n<li>rpirtc \u2014 ceasul \u00een timp real Raspberry Pi.    <\/li>\n<li>iasuskbd(4) \u2014 ASUS I2C HID.  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul web-ului pentru camere uvideo a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru codec H.264.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un proces de fundal lldpd cu implementarea protocoalelor LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) \u0219i utilitarul lldp pentru gestionarea acestuia.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un proces de fundal bpflogd pentru captarea pachetelor de re\u021bea folosind bpf (Berkeley Packet Filter) \u0219i \u00eenregistrarea acestora \u00een log \u00een format tcpdump.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen iked, implementarea protocolului IKEv2 pentru IPsec, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a \u00eenc\u0103rca mai multe certificate dintr-un fi\u0219ier.\n<li class=\"l\"> Biblioteca LibreSSL a fost actualizat\u0103 la versiunea 4.2.0, care introduce un API pentru utilizarea algoritmului de schimb de chei ML-KEM (CRYSTALS-Kyber), rezistent la atacuri pe calculatoare cuantice.\n<li class=\"l\"> OpenSSH a fost actualizat. Lista modific\u0103rilor poate fi vizualizat\u0103 \u00een anun\u021burile OpenSSH 10.1 \u0219i 10.2:\n<li class=\"l\"> Num\u0103rul de porturi pentru arhitectura AMD64 a fost de 12651 (a fost 12593), pentru aarch64 \u2014 12506 (a fost 12446), pentru i386 \u2014 10457 (a fost 10429). \u00centre versiunile aplica\u021biilor \u00een porturi:\n<ul>\n<li>Asterisk 22.5.2      <\/li>\n<li>Audacity 3.7.5      <\/li>\n<li>CMake 3.31.8      <\/li>\n<li>Chromium 141.0.7390.54      <\/li>\n<li>Emacs 30.2      <\/li>\n<li>FFmpeg 6.1.3      <\/li>\n<li>GCC 8.4.0 \u0219i 11.2.0      <\/li>\n<li>GHC 9.8.3      <\/li>\n<li>GNOME 48      <\/li>\n<li>Go 1.25.1      <\/li>\n<li>JDK 8u462, 11.0.28, 17.0.16, 21.0.8 \u0219i 25.0.0      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Applications 25.08.1      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Frameworks 6.18.0      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Plasma 6.4.5      <\/li>\n<li>Krita 5.2.13      <\/li>\n<li>LLVM\/Clang 19.1.7, 20.1.8 \u0219i 21.1.2      <\/li>\n<li>LibreOffice 25.8.1.1      <\/li>\n<li>Lua 5.1.5, 5.2.4, 5.3.6 \u0219i 5.4.7      <\/li>\n<li>MariaDB 11.4.7      <\/li>\n<li>Mono 6.12.0.199      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Firefox 143.0.3 \u0219i ESR 140.3.1      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Thunderbird 143.3.1      <\/li>\n<li>Mutt 2.2.15 \u0219i NeoMutt 20250905      <\/li>\n<li>Node.js 22.20.0      <\/li>\n<li>OCaml 4.14.2      <\/li>\n<li>OpenLDAP 2.6.10      <\/li>\n<li>PHP 8.2.29, 8.3.26 \u0219i 8.4.13      <\/li>\n<li>Postfix 3.5.25 \u0219i 3.10.1      <\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL 17.6      <\/li>\n<li>Python 2.7.18 \u0219i 3.12.11      <\/li>\n<li>Qt 5.15.16 (+ patch-uri de la kde) \u0219i 6.8.3      <\/li>\n<li>R 4.5.1      <\/li>\n<li>Ruby 3.2.9, 3.3.9 \u0219i 3.4.6      <\/li>\n<li>Rust 1.90.0      <\/li>\n<li>SQLite 3.50.4      <\/li>\n<li>Shotcut 25.08.16      <\/li>\n<li>Sudo 1.9.17p2      <\/li>\n<li>Suricata 7.0.7      <\/li>\n<li>Tcl\/Tk 8.5.19 and 8.6.16      <\/li>\n<li>TeX Live 2025      <\/li>\n<li>Vim 9.1.1706 \u0219i Neovim 0.11.4      <\/li>\n<li>Xfce 4.20.0  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Componentele de la ter\u021bi care fac parte din OpenBSD 7.8 au fost actualizate:\n<ul>\n<li> Stiva grafic\u0103 Xenocara bazat\u0103 pe X.Org 7.7 cu xserver 21.1.18 + patch-uri, freetype 2.13.3, fontconfig 2.15.0, Mesa 25.0.7, xterm 399, xkeyboard-config 2.20, fonttosfnt 1.2.4.     <\/li>\n<li> LLVM\/Clang 19.1.7 (+ patch-uri)  <\/li>\n<li> GCC 4.2.1 (+ patch-uri) \u0219i 3.3.6 (+ patch-uri)  <\/li>\n<li> Perl 5.40.1 (+ patches)  <\/li>\n<li> NSD 4.3.0  <\/li>\n<li> Unbound 1.24.0  <\/li>\n<li> Ncurses 6.4  <\/li>\n<li> Binutils 2.17 (+ patch-uri)  <\/li>\n<li> Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)  <\/li>\n<li> Awk 20250116  <\/li>\n<li> Expat 2.7.3  <\/li>\n<li> zlib 1.3.1 (+ patches)   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64101\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.8. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenBSD \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043c (Theo de Raadt) \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 NetBSD, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a CVS \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e NetBSD. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442 \u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 NetBSD \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0443\u044e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-146120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.8.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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