{"id":150622,"date":"2025-12-04T23:11:56","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T21:11:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-distributiva-alpine-linux-3-23-i-paketnogo-menedzhera-apk-3-0"},"modified":"2025-12-04T23:11:56","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T21:11:56","slug":"reliz-distributiva-alpine-linux-3-23-i-paketnogo-menedzhera-apk-3-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-distributiva-alpine-linux-3-23-i-paketnogo-menedzhera-apk-3-0","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea distribu\u021biei Alpine Linux 3.23 \u0219i a managerului de pachete apk 3.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost lansat\u0103 versiunea Alpine Linux 3.23, o distribu\u021bie minimalist\u0103 construit\u0103 pe baza bibliotecii de sistem Musl \u0219i a setului de utilitare BusyBox. Distribu\u021bia se remarc\u0103 prin cerin\u021be sporite de securitate \u0219i este compilat\u0103 cu protec\u021bie SSP (Stack Smashing Protection). Ca sistem de ini\u021bializare se folose\u0219te OpenRC, iar pentru gestionarea pachetelor este utilizat propriul manager de pachete apk. Alpine este folosit pentru a forma imaginile oficiale ale containerelor Docker \u0219i este utilizat \u00een proiectul PostmarketOS. Imaginile ISO bootabile (x86_64, x86, armhf, aarch64, armv7, ppc64le, s390x, riscv64 \u0219i loongarch64) sunt disponibile \u00een \u0219ase variante: standard (344 MB), bootabil prin re\u021bea (361 MB), extins (1 GB), pentru <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/\"   title=\"ma\u0219ini virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2243\">ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/a> (67 MB), minirootfs (4 MB) \u0219i pentru hypervisorul Xen (1 GB).     <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen noua versiune:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dup\u0103 cinci ani de dezvoltare, a fost lansat managerul de pachete apk 3.0. \u00cen versiunea Alpine Linux 3.23 sunt incluse noi utilitare apk, dar \u00eenc\u0103 se continu\u0103 utilizarea celei de-a doua versiuni a formatului pachetelor \u0219i a indiciului (trecerea la a treia versiune este planificat\u0103 pentru una dintre viitoarele lans\u0103ri).\n<p>Printre modific\u0103rile din apk 3.0:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Un nou format de pachete, care suport\u0103 algoritmul de compresie zstd \u0219i semn\u0103turi digitale bazate pe un nou algoritm, precum \u0219i av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere posibilitatea de verificare a datelor \u00een baza de date a managerului de pachete, folosind semn\u0103turile originale ale pachetelor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Suport pentru utilizarea \u00een index a noilor algoritmi de hash (SHA-256, SHA-512).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost eliminat suportul pentru FTP, prima versiune a formatului pachetelor \u0219i hash-urile md5.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 verificarea coresponden\u021bei arhitecturii pachetului instalat cu arhitectura sistemului.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru a separa ie\u0219irea scripturilor \u0219i utilitarului apk, acum se adaug\u0103 un prefix &#8216;*&#8217; la ie\u0219irea scripturilor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Formatul fi\u0219ierelor de configurare a repository-ului a fost extins pentru a permite definirea \u0219i utilizarea variabilelor.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru extragerea set\u0103rilor implicite \u00eentr-un fi\u0219ier de configurare separat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate noi comenzi: apk mkpkg pentru crearea pachetelor, apk mkndx pentru crearea indicelui, apk adbsign pentru gestionarea semn\u0103turilor digitale \u0219i apk adbdump pentru dump-ul structurilor.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat comanda &#171;apk query&#187; pentru a ob\u021bine informa\u021bii despre pachete din bazele de date instalate \u0219i indec\u0219i, combin\u00e2nd func\u021bionalitatea comenzilor info, list \u0219i search.   <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea op\u021bional\u0103 de a muta toate fi\u0219ierele executabile \u0219i bibliotecile din directoarele r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 \u00een sec\u021biunea \/usr (\/bin, \/sbin \u0219i \/lib* sunt unificate cu directoarele corespunz\u0103toare din interiorul \/usr \u0219i sunt realizate prin leg\u0103turi simbolice c\u0103tre acestea). Pentru a activa aceast\u0103 unire \u00een timpul instal\u0103rii, trebuie setat\u0103 variabila de mediu BOOTSTRAP_USR_MERGED \u00eenainte de apelul utilitarului setup-disk. Pentru sistemele deja existente, pachetul merge-usr poate fi utilizat pentru unire.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetul cu kernelul Linux &#171;linux-edge&#187; a fost \u00eenlocuit cu &#171;linux-stable&#187;, care folose\u0219te set\u0103ri identice cu pachetul &#171;linux-lts&#187;. \u00cen pachetul linux-stable sunt utilizate toate ramurile stabile ale kernelului, iar \u00een linux-lts &#8212; doar cele etichetate ca LTS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firmware-urile pentru adaptoarele wireless Intel, suportate de driverul iwlwifi, au fost mutate din pachetul linux-firmware-other \u00een linux-firmware-intel.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un metapachet LLVM, care face referire la cea mai recent\u0103 versiune LLVM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Seturile de reguli nftrules \u0219i udev au fost separate \u00een subpachete ($pkgname-nftrules \u0219i $pkgname-udev), oferind reguli de firewall \u0219i udev \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu pachetele. De asemenea, s-a realizat separarea \u00een subpachete a serviciilor systemd $pkgname-systemd (deocamdat\u0103 trecerea de la OpenRC la systemd nu este planificat\u0103). Pentru a instala toate regulile nftrules, a fost ad\u0103ugat metapachetul nftables-rulesets.\n<li class=\"l\"> Serverul nginx a fost compilat cu op\u021biunea &#171;&#8212;with-compat&#187; pentru a asigura compatibilitatea cu modulele externe \u00eenc\u0103rcate dinamic. A fost ad\u0103ugat pachetul nginx-mod-dev cu codul nginx \u0219i dependen\u021bele de compilare necesare pentru construirea modulelor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost propuse pachete cu versiuni noi ale mediilor grafice GNOME 49, KDE Plasma 6.5.3, LXQt 2.3.0, Sway 1.11.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile pachetelor au fost actualizate, de exemplu, sunt disponibile eliber\u0103ri ale kernelului Linux 6.18, GCC 15, LLVM 21, busybox 1.37.0, Node.js 24.11, Rust 1.91, Valkey 9.0, OpenZFS 2.4.0-rc4, Crystal 1.18, Docker 29, .NET 10.0, Go 1.25, Kea 3.0, OpenJDK 25, Perl 5.42, PHP 8.5, PostgreSQL 18, Qt 6.10, ffmpeg 8, wlroots 0.19.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64374\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Alpine Linux 3.23, \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 Musl \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 BusyBox. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 SSP (Stack Smashing Protection). \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f OpenRC, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 apk. Alpine \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Docker \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Alpine Linux 3.23, 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