{"id":152306,"date":"2025-12-22T11:11:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij"},"modified":"2025-12-22T11:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:12:03","slug":"reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-os-qubes-4-3-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dup\u0103 doi ani de dezvoltare, a fost lansat\u0103 versiunea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care realizeaz\u0103 ideea utiliz\u0103rii hipervizorului pentru o izolare strict\u0103 a aplica\u021biilor \u0219i componentelor sistemului de operare (fiecare clas\u0103 de aplica\u021bii \u0219i serviciile sistemului ruleaz\u0103 \u00een ma\u0219ini virtuale separate). Se recomand\u0103 un sistem cu 16 GB RAM (minimum - 6 GB) \u0219i CPU Intel sau AMD de 64 de bi\u021bi cu suport pentru tehnologiile VT-x cu EPT\/AMD-v cu RVI \u0219i VT-d sau AMD IOMMU, preferabil cu GPU Intel (GPU NVIDIA \u0219i AMD nu au fost suficient testate). Dimensiunea imaginii de instalare este de 7,8 GB (x86_64).            <\/p>\n<p>Aplica\u021biile din Qubes sunt \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite \u00een clase \u00een func\u021bie de importan\u021ba datelor procesate \u0219i a sarcinilor desf\u0103\u0219urate. Fiecare clas\u0103 de aplica\u021bii (de exemplu, munc\u0103, divertisment, opera\u021biuni bancare), precum \u0219i serviciile de sistem (subsystema de re\u021bea, firewall, gestionarea stoc\u0103rii, stack USB etc.), func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een ma\u0219ini virtuale separate, lansate utiliz\u00e2nd hipervizorul Xen. Aceste aplica\u021bii sunt disponibile \u00een cadrul acelea\u0219i sesiuni de lucru \u0219i sunt eviden\u021biate printr-o ram\u0103 de culoare diferit\u0103. Fiecare mediu are acces read-only la sistemul de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 de baz\u0103 \u0219i la stocarea local\u0103, care nu se suprapune cu stoc\u0103rile altor medii; pentru a organiza interac\u021biunea aplica\u021biilor se folose\u0219te un serviciu special.       <\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/0228681ffc49a396d23d7119144928ab.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Ca baz\u0103 pentru formarea mediilor virtuale poate fi utilizat\u0103 baza de pachete Fedora \u0219i Debian, de asemenea, comunitatea suport\u0103 \u0219abloane pentru Ubuntu, Gentoo \u0219i Arch Linux. Este posibil\u0103 organizarea accesului la aplica\u021biile dintr-o ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103 cu Windows, precum \u0219i crearea <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/\"   title=\"ma\u0219ini virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2247\">ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/a> pe baza Whonix pentru a asigura un acces anonim prin Tor. Interfa\u021ba utilizatorului este construit\u0103 pe baza Xfce. C\u00e2nd utilizatorul porne\u0219te o aplica\u021bie din meniu, aceast\u0103 aplica\u021bie se porne\u0219te \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 ma\u0219in\u0103 virtual\u0103. Con\u021binutul mediilor virtuale este determinat de un set de \u0219abloane.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/8f239008e2410d94ddf2f997849a84da.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>          <\/p>\n<p>Modific\u0103ri principale:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  Mediul de baz\u0103 Dom0 a fost actualizat la baza de pachete Fedora 41, iar \u0219ablonul pentru medii virtuale la Fedora 42.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0218ablonul pentru formarea mediilor virtuale bazate pe Debian a fost actualizat la ramura Debian 13, iar pe \u0219ablonul bazat pe Whonix - la Whonix 18.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hipervizorul Xen a fost actualizat la ramura 4.19 (anterior a fost utilizat Xen 4.17).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat suportul pentru \u00eenc\u0103rcarea anticipat\u0103 a mediilor izolate de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103 (dispvm - disposable vm), permi\u021b\u00e2nd eliminarea \u00eent\u00e2rzierii (7-20 secunde) la lansarea aplica\u021biilor utilizate frecvent \u00een medii de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost propus\u0103 o unealt\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 pentru QWT (Qubes Windows Tools) pentru rularea ma\u0219inilor virtuale cu Windows. A fost implementat suportul pentru Windows 10 \u0219i 11. Suportul pentru Windows 7 a fost \u00eentrerupt.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/6289d510599e60903e6afe29473938e8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat noul Device API pentru configurarea ata\u0219\u0103rii automate a dispozitivelor externe la ma\u0219inile virtuale, cum ar fi stick-uri USB, pl\u0103ci de sunet \u0219i de re\u021bea externe, dispozitive de input, camere web \u0219i dispozitive Bluetooth. A fost ad\u0103ugat o interfa\u021b\u0103 grafic\u0103 pentru configurarea redirec\u021bion\u0103rii dispozitivelor \u00een <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"ma\u0219ini virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4237\">ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/a>.      <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/712b04cec3c0fe1a6757648d608c70bd.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Qube Manager \u0219i alte utilitare grafice a fost implicat un nou set de pictograme.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/5b9b704726ebd5540427a46a9dd62b6b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a ata\u0219a note textuale arbitrare la ma\u0219inile virtuale.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fbf8bed2c1be54cb0b48d10093bf9497.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen configuratorul ma\u0219inilor virtuale a fost implementat\u0103 afi\u0219area pictogramelor aplica\u021biilor.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/b4976825711241589efc1996259d5892.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Navigarea \u00een meniul aplica\u021biilor a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 prin utilizarea tastaturii.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un serviciu centralized qubes.TrayNotification pentru a afi\u0219a notific\u0103ri din diferite ma\u0219ini virtuale.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea de a lansa terminalul cu privilegii root prin widgetul Qubes Domains.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru formatul avansat de marcare (AF, Advanced Format) pentru a lucra cu discuri cu dimensiunea sectorilor de 4 kilobyte.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport experimental pentru gestionarea configura\u021biei prin Ansible.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport experimental pentru tehnologia Qubes Air cu implementarea protocolului qrexec \u0219i posibilitatea de a rula ma\u0219ini virtuale externe.\n<li class=\"l\"> Gestionarul de ecran utilizat implicit a fost schimbat de la XScreenSaver la xfce4-screensaver.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit suportul pentru pl\u0103cile de sunet externe \u0219i dispozitivele audio cu interfa\u021b\u0103 Bluetooth.        <\/ul>\n<p>        <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Lansarea sistemului de operare Qubes 4.3.0, care folose\u0219te virtualizarea pentru izolarea aplica\u021biilor.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/f73ab4b6ba8c4943e7adf57161825c3b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64471\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Qubes 4.3.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u041e\u0421 (\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 16 \u0413\u0431 \u041e\u0417\u0423 (\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c &#8212; 6 \u0413\u0431) \u0438 64-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c CPU Intel \u0438\u043b\u0438 AMD \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 VT-x c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":152307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-152306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com 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