{"id":153472,"date":"2026-01-09T11:12:29","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T09:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4"},"modified":"2026-01-09T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T09:12:29","slug":"vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","title":{"rendered":"Codul UNIXv4, primul sistem de operare cu kernel \u00een limbajul C, a fost restaurat. Vulnerabilitate \u00een UNIXv4","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului trecut, \u00een timpul cur\u0103\u021beniei din centrul de calcul al Universit\u0103\u021bii Utah, a fost descoperit un band\u0103 magnetic\u0103 de arhiv\u0103 cu codul sistemului de operare UNIXv4, care a fost dezvoltat \u00een 1973 pentru calculatorul PDP-11\/45 \u0219i care era considerat pierdut. UNIXv4 a continuat dezvoltarea sistemului de operare UNIXv3, lansat cu un an \u00eenainte, \u00een care a fost folosit pentru prima dat\u0103 limbajul C \u0219i canale f\u0103r\u0103 nume. O caracteristic\u0103 a UNIXv4 a fost rescrierea nucleului din limbaj de asamblare \u00een limbaj C. Codul nucleului UNIXv4 a fost scris de Ken Thompson, iar driverii - de Dennis Ritchie. <\/p>\n

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii decembrie 2025, angaja\u021bii muzeului istoriei calculatoarelor au reu\u0219it s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 echipamentul necesar \u0219i s\u0103 extrag\u0103 arhiva salvat\u0103 pe band\u0103. Pentru digitizarea semnalului analogic \u00eenregistrat pe band\u0103 a fost utilizat\u0103 uneltele readtape, iar pentru decodificarea formatului arhivei au fost folosite dezvolt\u0103rile create \u00een cadrul restaur\u0103rii arhivei cu implementarea editorului Emacs de c\u0103tre James Gosling. <\/p>\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 codul UNIXv4, pe band\u0103 au fost g\u0103site \u0219i codurile surs\u0103 ale unuia dintre primele compilatoare pentru limbajul C \u0219i ale interpretului limbajului SNOBOL. Mai t\u00e2rziu, codul UNIXv4 a fost organizat \u0219i publicat pe GitHub \u00eentr-o form\u0103 adecvat\u0103 pentru compilare \u0219i rulare \u00een simulatorul PDP-11. Codul UNIXv4 include 61.000 de linii, dintre care 27.000 sunt \u00een limbaj C, 33.000 \u00een asamblare pentru PDP-11 \u0219i aproximativ o mie - fi\u0219iere de antet.

\"Codul<\/center> <\/p>\n

Unul dintre cercet\u0103torii de securitate a observat utilitarul \u201esu\u201d, care era inclus \u00een UNIXv4. Acest utilitar includea mai pu\u021bin de 50 de linii de cod, era instalat cu flag-ul setuid-root \u0219i permitea rularea \/bin\/sh cu drepturi de root prin introducerea parolei corecte. Codul con\u021binea o vulnerabilitate care ducea la supra\u00eenc\u0103rcarea buffer-ului din cauza copierii parolei introduse de utilizator \u00eentr-un tablou fix de 100 de caractere, f\u0103r\u0103 verificarea dimensiunii datelor introduse. <\/p>\n

Problema identificat\u0103 a fost comentat\u0103 de 93 de ani Douglas McIlroy, care f\u0103cea parte din echipa ini\u021bial\u0103 de dezvoltare Unix de la Bell Labs, propun\u00e2nd conceptul de canale f\u0103r\u0103 nume \u0219i cre\u00e2nd utilitare precum echo, spell, diff, sort, join \u0219i tr. Potrivit lui Douglas, p\u00e2n\u0103 la apari\u021bia viermului Morris \u00een 1988, pu\u021bini au observat problemele de supra\u00eenc\u0103rcare a buffer-ului. Ad\u0103ugarea verific\u0103rilor dimensiunii datelor introduse manual era considerat\u0103 o ad\u0103ugare inutil\u0103 de cod, iar \u00eencheierea nea\u0219teptat\u0103 \u00een caz de supra\u00eenc\u0103rcare era perceput\u0103 ca o form\u0103 st\u00e2ngace de reac\u021bie la datele de intrare incorecte. De-a lungul timpului, problemele de supra\u00eenc\u0103rcare care ap\u0103reau la procesarea \u0219irurilor generate automat au \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie corectate, dar pentru introducerea manual\u0103 logica era la nivelul \u201ecine ar avea nevoie s\u0103 introduc\u0103 manual \u0219iruri prea lungi?\u201d.
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0443\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u042e\u0442\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b UNIXv4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1973 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u042d\u0412\u041c PDP-11\/45 \u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439. UNIXv4 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b UNIXv3, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":153473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Codul UNIXv4 a fost restaurat, fiind prima OS cu kernel \u00een limbajul C. Vulnerabilitate \u00een UNIXv4 | ProHoster","description":"La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului trecut, \u00een timpul cur\u0103\u021beniei \u00een centrul de calcul de la Universitatea Utah, a fost descoperit\u0103 o band\u0103 magnetic\u0103 arhivat\u0103 cu codul sistemului de operare UNIXv4, care a fost dezvoltat \u00een 1973 pentru computerul PDP-11\/45.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"ro_RO","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0434 UNIXv4, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 C. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 UNIXv4 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0443\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u042e\u0442\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b UNIXv4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1973 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u042d\u0412\u041c PDP-11\/45 \u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2026-01-09T09:12:29+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-01-09T09:12:29+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"153472","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-20 14:07:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2026-01-20 14:07:19","updated":"2026-01-20 14:07:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153472"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153472\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/153473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=153472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=153472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}