{"id":153581,"date":"2026-01-15T11:12:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T09:12:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14"},"modified":"2026-02-14T22:41:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T20:41:30","slug":"reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-zagruzochnogo-menedzhera-gnu-grub-2-14","title":{"rendered":"Release-ul managerului de boot GNU GRUB 2.14","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dup\u0103 doi ani de dezvoltare, a fost lansat\u0103 versiunea stabil\u0103 a managerului de boot modular multi-platform\u0103 GNU GRUB 2.14 (GRand Unified Bootloader). GRUB suport\u0103 o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de platforme, inclusiv PC-uri obi\u0219nuite cu BIOS, platforme IEEE-1275 (hardware bazat pe PowerPC\/Sparc64), sisteme EFI, sisteme cu procesoare RISC-V, Loongson, Itanium, ARM, ARM64, LoongArch \u0219i ARCS (SGI), dispozitive care folosesc pachetul liber CoreBoot. Codul proiectului este scris \u00een C \u0219i este distribuit sub licen\u021ba GPLv3.    <\/p>\n<p>Nout\u0103\u021bi principale:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru controlul integrit\u0103\u021bii datelor \u00een volumele logice LVM (LVM LV), implementat prin dm-integrity.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru configura\u021biile care folosesc LVM cachevol pentru a accelera accesul la discurile lente prin stocarea temporar\u0103 a datelor pe unit\u0103\u021bi de stocare rapide.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere EROFS (Extendable Read-Only File System), dezvoltat de compania Huawei pentru a fi utilizat pe parti\u021bii accesibile \u00een mod numai pentru citire. Structura EROFS este semnificativ simplificat\u0103 prin eliminarea unor zone de metadate, cum ar fi harta de blocuri libere. EROFS suport\u0103 stocarea datelor \u00een form\u0103 comprimat\u0103, dar utilizeaz\u0103 o abordare diferit\u0103 pentru stocarea blocurilor comprimate, optimizat\u0103 pentru a ob\u021bine <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-geneva\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3297\">performan\u021b\u0103 \u00eenalt\u0103<\/a> acces aleatoriu la date.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a plasa un bloc cu variabile de mediu GRUB \u00een zona rezervat\u0103 a antetului sistemului de fi\u0219iere Btrfs. \u00cen aceste variabile pot fi p\u0103strate informa\u021bii despre parti\u021bia de boot utilizat\u0103 implicit.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru lansarea imaginilor EFI GRUB \u00een modul de protec\u021bie NX (No Execute), interzic\u00e2nd execu\u021bia instruc\u021biunilor \u00een zonele de memorie care nu sunt marcate explicit ca permise pentru execu\u021bie.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru protocolul Shim loader, utilizat pentru boot-ul verificat al shim-ului pentru a \u00eenc\u0103rca \u00een modul UEFI Secure Boot.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suportul pentru bootarea imaginilor unificate ale nucleului UKI (Unified Kernel Image), care combin\u0103 un handler pentru bootarea nucleului din UEFI (UEFI boot stub), imaginea nucleului Linux \u0219i mediul de sisteme ini\u021bializabil initrd, utilizat pentru ini\u021bializarea ini\u021bial\u0103 \u00eenainte de montarea sistemului de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103. Imaginea UKI este conceput\u0103 ca un singur fi\u0219ier executabil \u00een format PE, care poate fi \u00eenc\u0103rcat prin intermediul bootloader-elor tradi\u021bionale sau apelat direct din firmware UEFI.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru configura\u021bia universal\u0103 a \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103torului \u00een format BLS (Boot Loader Specification), pentru analiza c\u0103reia a fost implementat\u0103 comanda blscfg.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru schema de hash pentru parole Argon2.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru mecanismul \u201eTPM2 key protector\u201d pentru deblocarea automat\u0103 a parti\u021biei criptate la pornire, datorit\u0103 stoc\u0103rii informa\u021biilor necesare decript\u0103rii cheilor \u00een TPM (Trusted Platform Module).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru semn\u0103tura digital\u0103 ata\u0219at\u0103 (Appended Signature, folosit\u0103 pentru a ata\u0219a o semn\u0103tur\u0103 la modulele nucleului Linux f\u0103r\u0103 a modifica fi\u0219ierul \u00een sine) \u00een timpul verific\u0103rii la pornire \u00een modul Secure Boot pe sistemele PowerPC.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat\u0103 op\u021biunea \u201e\u2014disable-cli\u201d pentru blocarea interfe\u021bei liniei de comand\u0103 GRUB \u0219i interzicerea edit\u0103rii elementelor din meniu.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru datele care nu se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een intervalul 1901-2038.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru dezarhivarea datelor comprimate folosind algoritmul ZSTD.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a realizat trecerea la utilizarea noului ramuri al bibliotecii criptografice Libgcrypt 1.11.0 (anterior a fost utilizat\u0103 versiunea libgcrypt 1.5.3, format\u0103 \u00een 2013).\n<li class=\"l\"> Sunt eliminate vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bile acumulate (1, 2).       <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64615\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 GNU GRUB 2.14 (GRand Unified Bootloader). GRUB \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041f\u041a \u0441 BIOS, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b IEEE-1275 (\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 PowerPC\/Sparc64), EFI-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 RISC-V, Loongson, Itanium, ARM, ARM64, LoongArch \u0438 ARCS (SGI), \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 CoreBoot. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e 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