{"id":172762,"date":"2026-05-20T00:24:36","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T22:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux"},"modified":"2026-05-20T00:24:36","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T22:24:36","slug":"microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft dezvolt\u0103 o distribu\u021bie general\u0103 Azure Linux 4 bazat\u0103 pe Fedora Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Compania Microsoft a publicat lucr\u0103ri legate de distribu\u021bia Azure Linux 4, care, comparativ cu ramura 3.0, este complet reproiectat\u0103 \u0219i a fost transferat\u0103 de la baza sa de pachete proprii la utilizarea pachetelor din distribu\u021bia Fedora 43. Dac\u0103 anterior Azure Linux era pozi\u021bionat ca o platform\u0103 pentru medii Linux utilizate \u00een infrastructura cloud, \u00een sistemele edge \u0219i diverse servicii Microsoft, acum Azure Linux este prezentat ca un sistem de operare general, sigur \u0219i fiabil, optimizat pentru cloud-ul Azure, care poate fi utilizat \u00een ma\u0219ini virtuale, containere, medii WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) \u0219i ca sistem de operare principal pe computere.       <\/p>\n<p>Ramura Azure Linux 4 este etichetat\u0103 ca fiind \u00een curs de dezvoltare. Pentru implement\u0103rile de lucru, se recomand\u0103 utilizarea ramurii Azure Linux 3. Compil\u0103rile finale nu sunt \u00eenc\u0103 disponibile, dar exist\u0103 instruc\u021biuni pentru compilare. Modific\u0103rile specifice distribu\u021biei sunt livrate sub licen\u021ba MIT.      <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen formarea distribu\u021biei, \u00een locul cre\u0103rii unui fork al Fedora, \u00een Azure Linux 4 a fost aplicat un sistem declarativ, care permite recompilarea pachetelor RPM cu modific\u0103rile \u0219i configura\u021biile necesare din repositariile standard Fedora, utiliz\u00e2nd fi\u0219iere de configurare \u00een format TOML. Func\u021bionalitatea suplimentar\u0103 este definit\u0103 \u00een form\u0103 de overlay-uri, care permit generarea de fi\u0219iere specifice Azure Linux spec pentru pachete pe baza pachetelor SRPM standard din Fedora Linux. Overlay-urile definesc modific\u0103rile aduse pachetelor Fedora, cum ar fi construc\u021bii suplimentare \u00een fi\u0219ierele spec, patch-uri \u0219i parametrii de compilare.        <\/p>\n<p>Unitatea de pachet \u00een Azure Linux 4 este format\u0103 din &#171;componente&#187; (pachet surs\u0103), care sunt \u00een mare parte importate din Fedora prin dist-git \u0219i pot forma unul sau mai multe pachete RPM. Toate componentele sunt compilate din cod surs\u0103, pachetele binare din Fedora nu sunt transferate. Pentru generarea pachetelor RPM rezultate pe baza overlay-urilor se utilizeaz\u0103 un instrument numit azldev, scris \u00een limbajul Go \u0219i furnizat sub licen\u021ba MIT.      <\/p>\n<p>Printre caracteristicile Azure Linux 4 se num\u0103r\u0103 furnizarea unui nucleu Linux cu optimiz\u0103ri suplimentare, protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva atacurilor prin dependen\u021be (supply chain), un ciclu de suport \u0219i lansare a actualiz\u0103rilor previzibil, func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi \u00eencorporate pentru integrarea cu Azure Cloud \u0219i modific\u0103ri pentru \u00eent\u0103rirea securit\u0103\u021bii. Sistemul de construire Azure Linux permite generarea at\u00e2t de medii de instalare cu pachete RPM, c\u00e2t \u0219i de imagini sistemice monolitice, formate cu ajutorul instrumentelor rpm-ostree \u0219i actualizate atomic f\u0103r\u0103 a fi divizate \u00een pachete separate. Sunt acceptate dou\u0103 modele de livrare a actualiz\u0103rilor: prin actualizarea pachetelor individuale \u0219i prin reconstruirea \u0219i actualizarea \u00eentregii imagini de sistem.     <\/p>\n<p>Printre m\u0103surile de securitate implementate \u00een Azure Linux se num\u0103r\u0103:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Filtrarea apelurilor de sistem utiliz\u00e2nd mecanismul seccomp.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Criptarea parti\u021biilor de disc.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Verificarea pachetelor prin semn\u0103tur\u0103 digital\u0103.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Randomizarea spa\u021biului de adrese.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva atacurilor legate de linkuri simbolice, mmap, \/dev\/mem \u0219i \/dev\/kmem.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Modul doar pentru citire \u0219i interzicerea execut\u0103rii codului \u00een zonele de memorie \u00een care sunt plasate segmentele cu datele nucleului \u0219i modulelor.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Op\u021biunea de a interzice \u00eenc\u0103rcarea modulelor nucleului dup\u0103 ini\u021bializarea sistemului.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Activarea \u00een timpul compil\u0103rii a modurilor de protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva suprascrierii stivei, suprascrierilor de buffer \u0219i problemelor cu formatarea \u0219irurilor (_FORTIFY_SOURCE, -fstack-protector, -Wformat-security, relro).\n<li class=\"l\"> Furnizarea pachetelor minim necesare, f\u0103r\u0103 activarea serviciilor suplimentare.      <\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=65479\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c Azure Linux 4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 3.0 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora 43. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 Azure Linux \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, edge-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 Microsoft, \u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c Azure Linux \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c Azure Linux 4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 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