{"id":181694,"date":"2026-05-24T00:25:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T22:25:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-24T00:25:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T22:25:21","slug":"vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vypolneno-dizassemblirovaniya-mikrokoda-i386-i-sozdan-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"A fost realizat\u0103 dezansamblarea microcodului i386 \u0219i a fost creat un CPU deschis z386","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Entuzia\u0219tii au reu\u0219it s\u0103 extrag\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 dezasambleze cu succes microcodul procesorului Intel 80386, care, din lips\u0103 de documenta\u021bie, era considerat un «cutie neagr\u0103». Imaginea binar\u0103 a microcodului a fost recreat\u0103 cu ajutorul AI pe baza fotografiilor cu cristalul \u00een rezolu\u021bie \u00eenalt\u0103, iar logica de func\u021bionare a fost analizat\u0103 prin trasarea conexiunilor de pe cristal. Treptat, au fost definite structura microcomenzilor (μ-ops), c\u00e2mpurile, ordinea de execu\u021bie \u0219i markerii de sf\u00e2r\u0219it ai instruc\u021biunilor. Rezultatele proiectului au fost publicate pe GitHub ca domeniu public.<\/p>\n

\"A<\/center><\/p>\n

S-a constatat c\u0103 \u00een CPU 80386 fiecare instruc\u021biune este complet executat\u0103 prin microcod, \u00een timp ce \u00een 8086 \u0219i \u00een procesoarele moderne, o parte a instruc\u021biunilor este procesat\u0103 direct. \u00cen plus, spre deosebire de procesoarele 8086, \u00een 80386 microcodul nu implementeaz\u0103 algoritmi direct, ci configureaz\u0103 \u00een principal acceleratoarele hardware (multiplicator, divizor, deplasare rapid\u0103, PTU (Unitate de Testare a Protec\u021biei)). <\/p>\n

\u00cen timpul cercet\u0103rii a fost descoperit\u0103, de asemenea, o posibil\u0103 problem\u0103 de securitate \u00een procesarea h\u0103r\u021bii de bi\u021bi a permisiunilor de intrare\/ie\u0219ire (bitmap de permisiune IO): la accesarea porturilor de 4 bytes, bi\u021bii de permisiune erau verifica\u021bi doar pentru primele 3 bytes, iar accesul la al 4-lea byte nu era verificat, ceea ce teoretic permitea accesul la registrele hardware la care accesul ar fi trebuit s\u0103 fie interzis.<\/p>\n

Pe baza microcodului publicat, a fost dezvoltat un CPU deschis z386, implementat \u00een limbajul SystemVerilog \u0219i func\u021bion\u00e2nd pe FPGA. \u00cen loc s\u0103 implementeze fiecare instruc\u021biune sub form\u0103 de RTL (Register-transfer level) separat, z386 a implementat structuri hardware care sunt controlate de microcodul original. Performan\u021ba realiz\u0103rii preg\u0103tite corespunde unui PC rapid 386 (~70MHz). Sub controlul z386, au fost reu\u0219ite cu succes s\u0103 ruleze DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A \u0219i jocuri precum Doom \u0219i Cannon Fodder.
\n
Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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