{"id":183839,"date":"2026-10-14T04:54:14","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T02:54:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/vypusk-yadra-asterinas-0-19-napisannogo-na-yazyke-rust-i-sovmestimogo-s-linux"},"modified":"2026-10-14T04:54:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T02:54:19","slug":"asterinas-0-19-released-a-linux-compatible-kernel-written-in-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/asterinas-0-19-released-a-linux-compatible-kernel-written-in-rust","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea kernel-ului Asterinas 0.19, scris \u00een limbajul Rust \u0219i compatibil cu Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost publicat release-ul proiectului Asterinas 0.19, care dezvolt\u0103 un kernel scris \u00een limbajul Rust \u0219i destinat utiliz\u0103rii \u00een sisteme de operare de uz general. Kernelul ofer\u0103 un ABI (Application Binary Interface) compatibil cu kernelul Linux \u0219i poate fi folosit ca alternativ\u0103. \u00cen paralel, este dezvoltat\u0103 distribu\u021bia Asterinas NixOS, care combin\u0103 kernelul Asterinas cu mediul de sistem NixOS. Codul proiectului este \u00een dezvoltare din 2022 \u0219i este distribuit sub licen\u021ba MPL (Mozilla Public License). <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen prezent, kernelul implementeaz\u0103 peste 240 de apeluri de sistem Linux. \u00cen distribu\u021bia Asterinas NixOS, func\u021bionarea pe kernelul Asterinas a fost verificat\u0103 pentru mai mult de 100 de pachete din NixOS. Printre pachetele suportate se num\u0103r\u0103: Xfce, Firefox, bash, systemd, Podman, QEMU, rsync, Apache httpd, nginx, SQLite, Redis, Clang, GCC, Go, Lua, Node.js, OpenJDK, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Git, FFmpeg, PyTorch, TensorFlow, Ollama \u0219i Codex.<\/p>\n<p> Kernelul asigur\u0103 suport complet pentru arhitectura x86-64, suport par\u021bial pentru ARM64, RISC-V 64 \u0219i x86-64 cu izolare bazat\u0103 pe Intel TDX, precum \u0219i suport ini\u021bial pentru arhitectura LoongArch 64. Printre domeniile prioritare de aplicare se num\u0103r\u0103 sistemele ancorate \u00een Linux ABI, dar care necesit\u0103 un nivel mai \u00eenalt de securitate. De exemplu, Asterinas este sugerat pentru formarea mediilor sistemului \u00een condi\u021bii de securitate. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/\"   title=\"ma\u0219ini virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/a>, pentru care se folosesc tehnologii precum ARM CCA, AMD SEV \u0219i Intel TDX, precum \u0219i de partea sistemului gazd\u0103, care asigur\u0103 rularea containerelor.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru a reduce probabilitatea apari\u021biei erorilor \u00een gestionarea memoriei, care reprezint\u0103 sursa principal\u0103 a celor mai periculoase vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi, la scrierea Asterinas a fost folosit limbajul Rust \u0219i tactica utiliz\u0103rii limitate a blocurilor unsafe. Nucleul este construit folosind arhitectura framekernel, unde s-au \u00eencercat combinarea capacit\u0103\u021bilor de izolare a microkernelurilor cu eficien\u021ba nucleelor monolitice.<\/p>\n<p>Componentele nucleului \u00een Asterinas sunt plasate \u00eentr-un spa\u021biu adresabil comun, iar securitatea este realizat\u0103 la nivelul separ\u0103rii logice \u00eentre codul sigur \u0219i codul \u00een care nu se exclude posibilitatea apari\u021biei problemelor de securitate. Nucleul este \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een dou\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bi, scrise \u00een Rust: OS Framework \u0219i OS Services. \u00cen OS Services, utilizarea blocurilor unsafe este interzis\u0103, iar toate opera\u021biile de nivel inferior care necesit\u0103 execu\u021bia codului \u00een blocuri unsafe sunt transferate \u00een OS Framework \u0219i sunt accesibile doar printr-un API de nivel \u00eenalt. Toate apelurile de sistem, sistemele de fi\u0219iere \u0219i driverele sunt implementate la nivelul OS Services \u0219i nu pot include blocuri unsafe.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru dezvoltarea serviciilor de sistem \u0219i modulelor kernelului este livrat un set de instrumente OSDK (Operating System Development Kit), care ofer\u0103 utilitarul cargo-osdk pentru crearea, compilarea, testarea \u0219i rularea componentelor sistemului de operare. Pentru dezvoltatori a fost preg\u0103tit un set de biblioteci OSTD (Operating System Standard Library), care include o variant\u0103 a bibliotecilor standard Rust (crate std), adaptat\u0103 pentru utilizarea \u00een componentele sistemului de operare.<\/p>\n<p>Printre modific\u0103rile din Asterinas 0.19:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat sub-sistemul DRM (Direct Rendering Manager), dispozitivul \/dev\/dri, interfa\u021ba KMS (kernel mode setting) \u0219i driverul \"modesetting\", care au permis lansarea stivei grafice standard bazate pe X.Org Server \u0219i Mesa, \u00een locul driverului fbdev utilizat anterior, care folosea framebuffer-ul.\n<p><center><br \/>\n<video controls=\"\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 400px; max-width:100%\" loading=\"lazy\" preload=\"none\"><source src=\"https:\/\/asterinas.github.io\/assets\/videos\/2026-10-10-v0.19.0-3d-gaming-demo.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"><\/video><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru arhitectura AArch64 (ARM64), care este acum utilizat\u0103 ca arhitectura principal\u0103 \u00een dezvoltare, al\u0103turi de x86-64. Pentru AArch64 a fost realizat un al doilea nivel de suport, care implic\u0103 func\u021bionalitatea de baz\u0103, verificarea \u00een cadrul sistemului de integrare continu\u0103 \u0219i o acoperire par\u021bial\u0103 \u00een teste.\n<li class=\"l\"> Continuarea lucr\u0103rilor de adaptare a Asterinas pentru a fi utilizat ca sistem gazd\u0103 \u00een containerele VM Kata Containers \u0219i Confidential Containers. A fost propus\u0103 o nou\u0103 implementare a Overlayfs, care trece cu succes teste standard ale FS-ului din nucleul Linux \u0219i xfstests. A fost implementat un nou API de montare. Codul virtio-fs a fost stabilizat. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru protocoale<br \/>\ndirect-boot, utilizat \u00een QEMU, Cloud Hypervisor \u0219i Firecracker. \u00cenc\u0103rcarea a fost accelerat\u0103 \u00een <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1lne ma\u0161ini\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">virtu\u00e1lne ma\u0161ini<\/a>, memoriile care sunt criptate prin tehnologia Intel TDX.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen cadrul framework-ului OSTD (Operating System Standard Library) a fost implementat un API de baz\u0103 pentru crearea de hypervizori minimalistici bazat pe Intel VMX.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru modelul de dezvoltare a driverelor \u00een limbajul Rust. Componenta aster-device cu func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi asem\u0103n\u0103toare componentelor nucleului Linux, av\u00e2nd primitive \u0219i abstra\u021bii de baz\u0103 pentru dezvoltarea driverelor, dar scris\u0103 \u00een Rust f\u0103r\u0103 cod unsafe.\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a asigurat posibilitatea recompile\u0103rii proprii (self-hosting) \u2014 dintr-un mediu cu kernel Asterinas \u0219i pachete NixOS, acum se poate construi kernelul Asterinas.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=66460\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Asterinas 0.19, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 ABI (Application Binary Interface), \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c Linux \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 Asterinas NixOS, \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Asterinas \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c NixOS. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Asterinas 0.19, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f 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