{"id":184111,"date":"2026-11-03T23:40:53","date_gmt":"2026-11-03T21:40:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-fedora-linux-45"},"modified":"2026-11-03T23:40:58","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T21:40:58","slug":"fedora-linux-45-released","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/fedora-linux-45-released","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea distribu\u021biei Fedora Linux 45","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fost lansat\u0103 versiunea distribu\u021biei Fedora Linux 45. Au fost preg\u0103tite pentru desc\u0103rcare versiunile Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite \u0219i versiunile Live, furnizate sub form\u0103 de spin-uri cu medii de utilizator Xfce, MATE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Phosh, Miracle, LXQt, Budgie, Sway \u0219i Cosmic. Versiunile sunt create pentru arhitecturile x86_64, Power64 \u0219i ARM64 (AArch64). <\/p>\n<p>Cele mai semnificative modific\u0103ri \u00een Fedora Linux 45: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mediul desktop GNOME a fost actualizat la ramura 51, care ofer\u0103 optimiz\u0103ri pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi fluiditatea red\u0103rii \u0219i a elimina blocajele \u00een timpul anima\u021biilor \u0219i \u00een cazul unei sarcini mari pe sistem. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea de schimbare automat\u0103 a orient\u0103rii peisaj\/portret a ecranului atunci c\u00e2nd dispozitivul este rotit cu ajutorul unui accelerometru.<br \/>\nA fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a trece prin smart card-uri atunci c\u00e2nd se conecteaz\u0103 de la distan\u021b\u0103 la desktop. Ecranul de autentificare a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit cu suport pentru autentificarea prin intermediul serviciilor web corporative. Au fost utilizate imagini vectoriale pentru cursorii, furnizate \u00een format SVG.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen imaginile de instalare ISO pentru edi\u021biile atomice actualizabile ale Fedora Atomic Desktop (Silverblue, Kinoite etc.), \u00een locul installer-ului clasic Anaconda bazat pe GTK, este utilizat un nou installer Anaconda WebUI bazat pe interfa\u021ba web, deja aplicat\u0103 \u00een Fedora Workstation \u0219i \u00een imaginele live. Noua aplica\u021bie de instalare suport\u0103 gestionarea de la distan\u021b\u0103 a instal\u0103rii \u2014 utilizatorii pot acum s\u0103 instaleze Fedora pe sistemul \u021bint\u0103 cu op\u021biunea \u201einst.webui.remote\u201d \u0219i s\u0103 gestioneze instalarea printr-un browser web pe alt computer, cu autentificare prin PIN \u0219i criptarea traficului.\n<li class=\"l\"> Toate fi\u0219ierele de configurare ale repositoarelor RPM, ini\u021bial instalate la conectarea repositoarelor, au fost mutate din directorul \/etc\/yum.repos.d \u00een \/usr\/share\/dnf5\/repos.d. Cheile PGP au fost mutate \u00een \/usr\/share\/pki\/rpm-gpg. Aceast\u0103 modificare va simplifica separarea set\u0103rilor ini\u021biale ale repositoarelor \u0219i a fi\u0219ierelor de configurare modificate de utilizator.\n<li class=\"l\"> Verificarea semn\u0103turii digitale a pachetelor este activat\u0103 implicit \u00een RPM. Atunci c\u00e2nd se \u00eencearc\u0103 instalarea pachetelor f\u0103r\u0103 semn\u0103tur\u0103 sau cu o semn\u0103tur\u0103 incorect\u0103, va fi generat\u0103 acum o eroare, cu excep\u021bia cazului \u00een care utilizatorul a rulat explicit rpm cu flag-ul \u201e\u2014nosignature\u201d. Anterior, la nivelul RPM, era efectuat\u0103 doar verificarea integrit\u0103\u021bii prin hash-uri, iar autenticitatea pachetelor din repozitoare era verificat\u0103 \u00een YUM \u0219i DNF.\n<li class=\"l\"> Managerul de pachete RPM a fost actualizat la versiunea 6.1, care introduce o nou\u0103 sintax\u0103 de modificatori pentru macro-uri (numele_macro-ului&lt;modificatori&gt;), care schimb\u0103 comportamentul macro-urilor. A fost restaurat\u0103 utilizarea implicit\u0103 a sistemului NSS (Name Service Switch) pentru c\u0103utarea utilizatorilor \u0219i grupurilor. Problema cu oprirea proces\u0103rii tuturor cererilor c\u0103tre rpmdb \u00een timpul execu\u021biei tranzac\u021biilor a fost rezolvat\u0103. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a semna fi\u0219iere digital folosind tokenuri PKCS11.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru pachetele RPM a fost implementat macro-ul \u201e%openpgpverify\u201d, care permite utilizarea instrumentarului Sequoia scris \u00een Rust \u00een loc de GnuPG pentru verificarea pachetelor.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen edi\u021biile desktop, pentru gestionarea cheilor, \u00een loc de gnome-keyring \u0219i kwallet este utilizat componenta oo7 (D-Bus Secret Service provider), scris\u0103 \u00een Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> Driverul consolei fbcon, care func\u021biona la nivel de kernel, a fost \u00eenlocuit cu kmscon, care ruleaz\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului \u0219i folose\u0219te mecanismul KMS (Kernel Mode Setting), oferind un rendering de calitate superioar\u0103 \u0219i sus\u021bin\u00e2nd mai bine fonturile \u0219i Unicode.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dezvoltatorii edi\u021biilor atomice au fost \u00eemputernici\u021bi s\u0103 permit\u0103 instalarea din directorul FlatHub a aplica\u021biilor selectate \u0219i verificate, \u00een loc de instalarea pachetelor flatpak cu acelea\u0219i aplica\u021bii din repository-ul Fedora. Fedora suport\u0103 propriul repository flatpak, con\u021binutul c\u0103ruia este generat pe baza recompil\u0103rii pachetelor rpm, \u00een timp ce majoritatea utilizatorilor ar prefera instalarea pachetelor din directorul FlatHub, compileaz\u0103 de dezvoltatorii principali ai aplica\u021biilor, nu de mentori Fedora.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru construirea imaginilor iso ale edi\u021biilor atomice Fedora a fost utilizat instrumentarul image-builder \u00een loc de lorax.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Fedora CoreOS a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suport pentru systemd-oomd \u0219i swap zram.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen installer a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suport pentru instalarea \u00een parti\u021bii logice, gestionate prin intermediul instrumentarului Stratis. \u00cen etapa de instalare, pot fi create pool-uri dintr-unul sau mai multe unit\u0103\u021bi de stocare, la care se pot aplica func\u021bii precum alocarea dinamic\u0103 a spa\u021biului de stocare, instantanee, asigurarea integrit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i conectarea straturilor pentru caching.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implicit, utilizatorilor neprivilegia\u021bi le este interzis accesul la func\u021biile de depanare care utilizeaz\u0103 mecanismul ptrace.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat un front-end web pentru a ob\u021bine mai multe informa\u021bii despre blocajele critice ale kernel-ului. C\u00e2nd kernel-ul intr\u0103 \u00een starea de \u201epanic\u0103\u201d, este afi\u0219at un cod QR cu un link, deschiderea acestuia va afi\u0219a clar datele de trasare a apelurilor, ajut\u00e2nd la diagnosticarea problemei, oferind recomand\u0103ri pentru pa\u0219ii urm\u0103tori \u0219i oferind posibilitatea de a trimite un raport de eroare.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen configuratorul de re\u021bea NetworkManager, este activat implicit modul \u201eIPv6-mostly\u201d, care include op\u021biunea DHCPv4 108 (utilizarea exclusiv\u0103 a IPv6, dac\u0103 este posibil) \u0219i suport pentru mecanismul CLAT (Customer-side Translator, 464XLAT) pentru a asigura func\u021bionarea aplica\u021biilor care suport\u0103 doar IPv4 pe un host cu IPv6.\n<li class=\"l\"> Utilitarele chpasswd \u0219i newusers au ad\u0103ugat suport pentru PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules), ceea ce face ca aceste utilitare s\u0103 respecte acum politicile de sistem pentru autentificare \u0219i parole, de exemplu, stabilirea cerin\u021belor de complexitate a parolei, interzicerea folosirii parolelor anterioare, blocarea conturilor \u0219i auditul centralizat al schimb\u0103rilor de parole.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat pachetul grub-cc cu o variant\u0103 redus\u0103 a bootloader-ului, destinat utiliz\u0103rii pe sisteme cu UEFI Secure Boot. Varianta redus\u0103 con\u021bine doar un set minim de module interne \u0219i suport\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcarea imaginilor UKI (Unified Kernel Image). Eliminarea suportului pentru formatele de imagini jpeg\/png \u0219i alte FS reduce suprafa\u021ba de atac \u00een contextul identific\u0103rii periodice a vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bilor \u00een GRUB (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru utilizarea instrumentarului encapsule pentru lansarea aplica\u021biilor \u00eentr-un mediu izolat, \u00een care, \u00een loc de accesul la directorul personal real al utilizatorului, este oferit acces la o variant\u0103 temporar\u0103 a acestuia.\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile pachetelor au fost actualizate, inclusiv kernelul Linux 7.3, GCC 16.2, LLVM 23, glibc 2.44, binutils 2.47, Perl 5.44, Python 3.15, Go 1.27, Lua 5.5, Ruby on Rails 8.1, Erlang 27, Fontconfig 2.18, IBus 1.5.35, Podman 6, OpenSSL 4.0, MySQL 9.7, MariaDB 12.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost propuse variante de pachete cu mediu de dezvoltare integrat Lazarus (pentru Free Pascal), compilate cu widget-uri bazate pe GTK3, Qt5 \u0219i Qt6 (anterior, pachetul era compilat doar cu GTK2).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost realizat\u0103 prima etap\u0103 de preg\u0103tire pentru eliminarea API-ului pentru accesul la subsistemul criptografic al kernel-ului Linux din spa\u021biul utilizatorului (CRYPTO_USER_API \u2014 Crypto Userspace API). Acest API a fost declarat \u00een kernel ca fiind depreciat din cauza poten\u021bialelor probleme de securitate \u0219i este planificat pentru eliminare. Crypto Userspace API este folosit \u00een pachete precum iwd, cryptsetup (utilizat \u00een tcplay \u0219i VeraCrypt) \u0219i libkcapi (utilizat \u00een dracut), dar prima etap\u0103 nu va afecta func\u021bionarea acestora.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pachetele cu mediul de lucru Deepin au fost eliminate din depozit din cauza problemelor de \u00eentre\u021binere (\u00een pachete r\u0103m\u00e2n necorectate pentru o lung\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp erori \u0219i vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi grave).\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost declarate \u00eenvechite <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">VPN<\/a>-pluginurile NetworkManager-vpnc \u0219i NetworkManager-fortisslvpn, pentru care se recomand\u0103 utilizarea pluginurilor NetworkManager-libreswan \u0219i NetworkManager-openconnect.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pentru Fedora 45 au fost activate repozitele \u201efree\u201d \u0219i \u201enonfree\u201d de la proiectul RPM Fusion, \u00een care sunt disponibile pachete cu aplica\u021bii multimedia suplimentare (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), codecuri video\/audio, suport pentru DVD, drivere proprietare AMD \u0219i NVIDIA, programe de jocuri \u0219i emulatoare.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=66607\">opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora Linux 45. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, Fedora Server, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base, Fedora IoT Edition, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora Kinoite \u0438 Live-\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Xfce, MATE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Phosh, Miracle, LXQt, Budgie, Sway \u0438 Cosmic. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All 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