{"id":184270,"date":"2026-11-15T11:45:19","date_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-xraid-s-realizacziej-raid-dlya-xfs"},"modified":"2026-11-15T11:45:30","modified_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:30","slug":"xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","title":{"rendered":"A fost prezentat XRAID cu implementarea RAID pentru XFS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, \u00eentre\u021bin\u0103torul subsistemelor DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0219i arhitectura PowerPC \u00een nucleul Linux, a prezentat prima versiune public\u0103 a XRAID, o implementare a RAID-ului declasificat cu control de paritate, integrat \u00een sistemul de fi\u0219iere XFS. Proiectul a fost creat cu scopul de a ad\u0103uga posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii RAID pe dispozitive de stocare zonificate, cum ar fi discurile SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), \u0219i de a oferi o implementare RAID de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 pentru men\u021binerea integrit\u0103\u021bii datelor. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 dispozitivele zonificate, XRAID suport\u0103, de asemenea, func\u021bionarea pe hard disk-uri obi\u0219nuite \u0219i SSD-uri, demonstr\u00e2nd pe acestea din urm\u0103 o cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 a performan\u021bei \u00een compara\u021bie cu mdraid (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 20 de ori la scriere).<\/p>\n

Pentru distribuirea informa\u021biilor pe dispozitive \u00een XRAID se utilizeaz\u0103 un control de paritate declasificat, similar cu dRAID \u00een OpenZFS, prin care nu sunt alocate dispozitive separate pentru recuperarea rapid\u0103 (hot spare), iar datele, informa\u021biile de control al parit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i spa\u021biul de rezerv\u0103 liber (spare space) sunt distribuite uniform pe toate dispozitivele. Procesul de citire, scriere \u0219i recuperare \u00een caz de avarii acoper\u0103 toate dispozitivele disponibile, ceea ce spore\u0219te l\u0103\u021bimea de band\u0103, reduce sarcina asupra discurilor individuale, permite evitarea unei sc\u0103deri semnificative a performan\u021bei \u00een caz de avarii \u0219i accelereaz\u0103 considerabil procesul de reconstruire a matricei dup\u0103 ad\u0103ugarea sau \u00eenlocuirea dispozitivelor.<\/p>\n

RAID-urile declasificate faciliteaz\u0103, de asemenea, crearea de matrice redundante cu un num\u0103r foarte mare de discuri. \u00cen procesul de recuperare dup\u0103 avarii, XRAID determin\u0103 dinamic ordinea reconstruirii dispozitivelor, trat\u00e2nd mai \u00eent\u00e2i zonele cu cea mai mare pierdere de informa\u021bii redundante \u0219i reconstruind zonele cu date \u00eenaintea celor cu informa\u021bii de control al parit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n

XRAID este dezvoltat ini\u021bial av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere utilizarea cu dispozitive zonate, unde spa\u021biul de stocare este \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een zone constitutive ale grupurilor de blocuri sau sec\u021biuni. \u00cen astfel de dispozitive, se permite doar ad\u0103ugarea secven\u021bial\u0103 de date cu actualizarea \u00eentregului grup de blocuri. De exemplu, zonarea scrierii este utilizat\u0103 \u00een discurile SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), unde l\u0103\u021bimea pistei este mai mic\u0103 dec\u00e2t l\u0103\u021bimea capului magnetic, iar scrierea se efectueaz\u0103 cu suprapunerea par\u021bial\u0103 a pistei vecine, adic\u0103 orice rescriere necesit\u0103 rescrierea \u00eentregului grup de piste. <\/p>\n

Pentru a sus\u021bine dispozitivele zonate, XRAID utilizeaz\u0103 alocatoarele de blocuri implementate \u00een XFS \u0219i kernelul Linux, folosind subvolumul RT (RealTime subvolume) pentru a organiza stocarea separat\u0103 a datelor \u0219i metadatelor (\u00een zonele cu scriere secven\u021bial\u0103 se stocheaz\u0103 doar con\u021binutul fi\u0219ierelor, iar metadatele FS sunt plasate \u00een zone obi\u0219nuite sau pe SSD-uri suplimentare). <\/p>\n

\u00cen XRAID, mecanismele de control al parit\u0103\u021bii RAID se aplic\u0103 doar pentru con\u021binutul fi\u0219ierelor, iar redundan\u021ba pentru metadate se realizeaz\u0103 prin utilizarea deja existentelor drivere \u00een kernelul Linux, de exemplu, prin oglindire cu ajutorul MD RAID, ceea ce este mai eficient pentru obiecte mici, actualizate \u00een loc. Implementarea RAID este integrat\u0103 \u00een XFS p\u00e2n\u0103 la gestionarii de intrare\/ie\u0219ire zonat\u0103, care reprezint\u0103 zonele fizice ale dispozitivelor de stocare subiacente sub form\u0103 de zone logice, similar unui dispozitiv de stocare bloc cu straturi.<\/p>\n

Lucr\u0103rile la XRAID au fost \u00een desf\u0103\u0219urare timp de un an \u0219i jum\u0103tate, iar de\u0219i implementarea nu este \u00eenc\u0103 gata pentru integrarea \u00een nucleul principal, este deja adecvat\u0103 pentru testarea de c\u0103tre un public larg. \u00cen implementarea propus\u0103 se suport\u0103 de la 0 la 2 niveluri de paritate (\u00een dezvoltare se afl\u0103 codul pentru suportul a 3 sau mai multe niveluri). Pentru gestionarea XRAID, \u00een instrumentul xfsprogs a fost ad\u0103ugat un nou utilitar \u201exraid\u201d \u0219i a fost implementat suportul pentru XRAID \u00een mkfs. \u00cen plus, utilitarul pentru inspectarea unit\u0103\u021bilor zonate Zonar a primit func\u021bii pentru vizualizarea map\u0103rii zonelor logice pe zone fizice.<\/p>\n

Publicarea rezultatelor test\u0103rii performan\u021bei XRAID \u00een compara\u021bie cu mdraid \u0219i btrfs, efectuate pentru un array XRAID configurat cu dou\u0103 SSD-uri WD DC-SN650 pentru metadate (oglind\u0103 bazat\u0103 pe mdraid), \u0219ase discuri SATA obi\u0219nuite WD DC-HC590 de 26 TB \u0219i 6-21 discuri zonate WD DC-HC690 de 30 TB (SMR).<\/p>\n

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De asemenea, au fost efectuate teste pentru XRAID pe SSD-uri obi\u0219nuite nezonate, configurate cu un Samsung PM9D3a de 4 TiB pentru metadate \u0219i cinci Samsung PM9D3a de 4 TiB pentru RAID (4 + 1).<\/p>\n

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Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a XRAID, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 XFS. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f RAID \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":184272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47XRAID a fost prezentat cu o implementare RAID pentru XFS | ProHoster","description":"Christoph Hellwig, mentenan\u021ba subsistemelor DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0219i arhitectura PowerPC \u00een nucleul Linux, a prezentat prima versiune public\u0103 a XRAID, o implementare a RAID-ului declusterizat cu 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\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a XRAID, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID \u0441 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