{"id":29860,"date":"2019-10-31T21:32:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/legendarnye-modemy-proshlogo-luchshie-derzhateli-konnekta-v-usloviyah-otechestvennyh-ats\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:32:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:21","slug":"legendarnye-modemy-proshlogo-luchshie-derzhateli-konnekta-v-usloviyah-otechestvennyh-ats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/legendarnye-modemy-proshlogo-luchshie-derzhateli-konnekta-v-usloviyah-otechestvennyh-ats","title":{"rendered":"Modelele legendare de modemuri din trecut: cei mai buni furnizori de conexiune \u00een condi\u021biile centralelor telefonice interne","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Modelele
\nCine a auzit vreodat\u0103 sunetul conexiunii a unui modem la internet prin linia telefonic\u0103, nu-l va uita niciodat\u0103. Pentru neini\u021bia\u021bi, acesta nu este un amestec melodios de sunete. Pentru cei care depindeau de conexiunea modem, aceste sunete erau asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu o muzic\u0103 magic\u0103. <\/p>\n

Acum, \u00een anul 2019, dial-up-ul a devenit o tehnologie veche \u0219i inutil\u0103 pentru majoritatea cov\u00e2r\u0219itoare. \u0218i \u00eentr-adev\u0103r, o conexiune lent\u0103, care avea riscul de a se \u00eentrerupe \u00een cele mai interesante momente, s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een trecut. Azi, s\u0103 discut\u0103m nu despre conexiune, ci despre dispozitivele care o asigurau \u2014 modemurile legendare din trecut.
\n <\/a><\/noindex>
\n\u0218i nu despre orice modemuri, ci despre cele care puteau asigura o conexiune relativ stabil\u0103 \u00een condi\u021biile liniilor telefonice interne \u0219i centralelor telefonice. Viteza de conectare pe atunci era joas\u0103 (s\u0103 spunem a\u0219a) \u2014 pentru mul\u021bi, 28800 bps era o bucurie, nepoate vorbim de 56000. Apoi a venit epoca ADSL, iar aceasta a fost cu adev\u0103rat o bucurie, dar despre asta vom vorbi \u00eentr-un alt articol, acum \u2014 despre modemuri!<\/p>\n

ZyXEL U-1496E+<\/h3>\n

\n\"Modelele
\n
\nProbabil, \u00eent\u00e2lnirea multora dintre cititori cu internetul a \u00eenceput chiar cu acest modem. Atunci p\u0103rea un dispozitiv extraordinar de modern (\u0219i chiar era). Era unul dintre cele mai populare modemuri ale vremii sale, deoarece func\u021biona cu succes pe cele mai vechi linii telefonice.<\/p>\n

Dezvoltarea sa a fost realizat\u0103 de ZyXEL \u0219i un partener rus, care a ajutat la adaptarea modemului la realit\u0103\u021bile din CSI. Baza modemului este BIS ZyXEL, plus func\u021bii suplimentare precum procesarea datelor vocale \u0219i identificatorul automat al num\u0103rului, care corespunde standardelor ruse\u0219ti (s\u0103 zicem, post-sovietice). Este unul dintre pu\u021binele modemuri care a fost certificat de Ministerul Comunica\u021biilor din Rusia.<\/p>\n

Lista protocoalelor suportate de modem include toate protocoalele standard, inclusiv V.32bis, precum \u0219i protocoalele proprietare ZyX la 19,2 \u0219i 16,8 kbit\/s, plus protocolul celular de rezisten\u021b\u0103 mare ZyCELL.<\/p>\n

Modemul men\u021binea linia de comunica\u021bie timp de multe ore (de\u0219i nu la cea mai mare vitez\u0103), \u00een timp ce competitorii se puteau deconecta dup\u0103 doar treizeci de minute.<\/p>\n

USRobotics Courier HST Dual Standard V.34 Fax<\/h3>\n

\n\"Modelele
\n
\nUn alt modem destul de avansat pentru vremea sa. Baza sa este un procesor de semnal TMS340 cu un software dezvoltat de inginerii companiei, precum \u0219i un procesor de control universal Intel 80C186. Au existat dou\u0103 versiuni ale modemului - pentru SUA \u0219i Canada \u0219i o versiune interna\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ultima versiune a fost utilizat\u0103 \u00een CSI, deoarece modemul a fost adaptat la circuitele liniare care corespundeau standardelor europene. Adaptarea consta \u00een faptul c\u0103 modemul suporta conexiuni pe linie cu tensiuni continue \u0219i alternative mai mari. \u00cen acest model a fost prev\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i izola\u021bia galvanic\u0103 a circuitelor liniare de restul schemei. A\u0219adar, dac\u0103 se \u00eent\u00e2mpla ceva cu linia, nici modemul, nici computerul conectat nu se defectau.<\/p>\n

Modemul suporta o multitudine de protocoale de comunicare, inclusiv V.32terbo \u0219i V.FC. A ob\u021binut, de asemenea, protocolul brevetat HST (High Speed Transfer \u2014 transfer de mare vitez\u0103) al companiei USR. Datorit\u0103 acestui fapt, dispozitivul func\u021biona cu dou\u0103 canale - unul era de mare vitez\u0103 pentru transmiterea \u0219i primirea datelor obi\u0219nuite, iar cel\u0103lalt era lent, func\u021bion\u00e2nd exclusiv pentru transmiterea datelor de service despre pachetele de procesare, solicit\u0103rile de retransmitere etc.<\/p>\n

Modemul men\u021binea conexiunea nu mult mai r\u0103u dec\u00e2t modemul de la ZyXEL. De altfel, \u00een cazul \u00een care calitatea conexiunii se deteriora, viteza se reducea automat. C\u00e2nd totul revenea la normal, viteza cre\u0219tea din nou.<\/p>\n

ZyXEL Omni 56K uno<\/h3>\n

\n\"Modelele
\n
\nModem cu interfa\u021b\u0103 USB, p\u0103str\u00e2nd forma familiar\u0103 \u0219i indicatorii. Totu\u0219i, \u00een loc de Power a ap\u0103rut un indicator USB, \u00eens\u0103 nu se putea face nimic \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u021b\u0103. Trebuie men\u021bionat c\u0103 modemul nu avea un buton de resetare sau ceva similar, a\u0219a c\u0103, dac\u0103 dispozitivul \u201e\u00eenghe\u021ba\u201d, trebuia s\u0103 deconectezi USB-ul \u0219i s\u0103 reconectezi dispozitivul din nou. Totu\u0219i, \u00eenghe\u021b\u0103rile se \u00eent\u00e2mplau rar.<\/p>\n

Modemul se conecta la linia telefonic\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod destul de obi\u0219nuit, familiar fiec\u0103rui utilizator de dial-up.<\/p>\n

Software-ul era de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate. \u00cen pachet era inclus\u0103 chiar \u0219i cunoscut\u0103 aplica\u021bie VentaVoice cu interfa\u021b\u0103 \u00een limba rus\u0103. Dispozitivul putea simula f\u0103r\u0103 probleme func\u021bionarea realilor AON \u0219i fax, iar totul func\u021biona f\u0103r\u0103 probleme.<\/p>\n

Conexiunea s-a realizat foarte repede, semnalul \u201elinie ocupat\u0103\u201d a fost procesat practic \u00eentotdeauna corect. Dac\u0103 s-a stabilit conexiunea, modemul a men\u021binut-o timp de multe ore, cam la aceea\u0219i vitez\u0103.<\/p>\n

Acorp 56EMS<\/h3>\n

\n\"Modelele
\n
\nNu trebuie s\u0103 uit\u0103m de modemurile Acorp, dac\u0103 nu vrem s\u0103 ne lipsim de o parte important\u0103 a istoriei modemurilor. Dispozitivele acestui produc\u0103tor au fost \u00eentotdeauna elegante \u0219i s-au remarcat printre cele similare.<\/p>\n

Acorp 56EMS se conecta la portul COM. Era echipat cu toate indicatoarele necesare, iar pe spatele s\u0103u erau porturi pentru conectarea unui microfon \u0219i a unor c\u0103\u0219ti, plus dou\u0103 porturi telefonice. Baza modemului era chipset-ul Rockwell. Existau op\u021biuni de actualizare a firmware-ului datorit\u0103 prezen\u021bei Flash ROM.<\/p>\n

Dispozitivul este compatibil cu standardul K56Flex, tocmai datorit\u0103 acestuia putea func\u021biona la viteze de p\u00e2n\u0103 la 56k.<\/p>\n

Adev\u0103rul este c\u0103 modemurile au fost influen\u021bate semnificativ de liniile interne. Viteza declarat\u0103 putea fi atins\u0103, dar acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpla rar. Au fost probleme cu conexiunea, care nu era \u00eentotdeauna stabil\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103 modemurile Acorp erau semnificativ mai ieftine dec\u00e2t alte dispozitive legendare, a\u0219a c\u0103 au fost extrem de populare. Oricum, pe liniile vechi, dispozitivele func\u021bionau relativ bine.<\/p>\n

D-Link DU-562M<\/h3>\n

\n\"Modelele
\n
\n\u0218i un alt modem USB, care a ap\u0103rut pe pia\u021b\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul erei dial-up. Aproape c\u0103, \u00een acel moment, produsele companiei D-Link deveniser\u0103 populare, av\u00e2nd deja un design recognoscibil.<\/p>\n

Modemul era mic, avea doar dou\u0103 indicatoare \u2014 Power \u0219i Link. Popularitatea sa se datora pre\u021bului sc\u0103zut. Problema era c\u0103 dispozitivul nu avea un al doilea conector pentru priza telefonic\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 telefonul trebuia conectat \u00een paralel printr-o priz\u0103 suplimentar\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ciuda dimensiunii, a men\u021binut conexiunea destul de stabil, chiar \u0219i pe cele mai vechi linii. Totu\u0219i, semnalul \u201eocupat\u201d era procesat mai pu\u021bin bine de modem, adesea continu\u00e2nd s\u0103 func\u021bioneze chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 ce se auzeau tonuri de ocupat.<\/p>\n

\u00cen pachet era inclus software-ul Classic Phone Tools, care permitea utilizarea modemului ca fax. Func\u021bionarea programului nu a ridicat nicio reclama\u021bie.<\/p>\n

Asta e tot pentru azi \u2014 dac\u0103 articolul va avea succes, vom publica \u0219i partea a doua. Dar cel mai bine \u2014 indica\u021bi \u00een comentarii modelele de modemuri care v-au r\u0103mas \u00een memorie. S\u0103 ne amintim \u00eempreun\u0103.<\/p>\n

Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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