{"id":30282,"date":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:34:39","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:34:39","slug":"podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/podnozhka-dlya-mozga-platforma-raspredelennogo-reestra-hedera-hashgraph","title":{"rendered":"Suport pentru inteligen\u021b\u0103: platforma registrului distribuit Hedera Hashgraph","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Suport
\nAlgoritmul de consens, toleran\u021ba asincron\u0103 la erori inexplicabile, graficul aciclic orientat, registrul distribuit \u2014 despre ce le leag\u0103 pe toate acestea \u0219i cum s\u0103 nu \u00ee\u021bi despar\u021bi mintea \u2014 \u00een articolul despre Hedera Hashgraph.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nCompania Swirlds Inc. prezint\u0103:
\n<\/b>Platforma de registru distribuit Hedera Hashgraph.<\/p>\n

\u00cen rolurile principale:
\n<\/b>Lemon Baird, matematician, creatorul algoritmului Hashgraph, co-fondator, director tehnic \u0219i \u0219ef al \u0219tiin\u021bei la Swirlds Inc.;
\nMance Harmon, matematician, co-fondator \u0219i CEO al Swirlds Inc.;
\nTom Troubridge, pre\u0219edinte Hedera Hashgraph, evanghelist al tehnologiei Hashgraph.<\/p>\n

\u00cen proiect particip\u0103:
\n<\/b>Holdingul financiar Nomura Holding;
\nCompania de telecomunica\u021bii Deutsche Telekom;
\nFirma interna\u021bional\u0103 de avocatur\u0103 DLA Piper;
\nRetailerul brazilian Magazine Luiza;
\nCorporatia elve\u021bian\u0103 Swisscom AG.<\/p>\n

Nu am \u00een\u021beles de ce toat\u0103 informa\u021bia despre Hedera Hashgraph este prezentat\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod at\u00e2t de confuz, dac\u0103 este o alegere con\u0219tient\u0103 din partea dezvoltatorilor sau a rezultat \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103tor. Dar, \u00een orice caz, a fost foarte greu s\u0103 scriu un text coerent despre Hedera Hashgraph. De fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd p\u0103rea c\u0103, \u00eentr-un final, am \u00een\u021beles totul, aproape imediat s-a dovedit c\u0103 este o iluzie profund\u0103. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, s-a p\u0103rut c\u0103 am ajuns la ceva semnificativ, dar totu\u0219i \u2014 citi\u021bi cu aten\u021bie, pericolul de a v\u0103 desuruba mintea nu a disp\u0103rut.<\/p>\n

Partea 1. Problema generalilor bizantini \u0219i zvonurile
\n<\/b>\u00cen baza acestei pove\u0219ti se afl\u0103 a\u0219a-numita \u201eProblema generalilor bizantini\u201d (Byzantine Fault Tolerance, BFT) \u2014 un experiment mintal destinat s\u0103 ilustreze problema sincroniz\u0103rii st\u0103rii sistemelor \u00een cazul \u00een care comunica\u021biile sunt considerate fiabile, dar nodurile nu. To\u021bi cei care sunt interesa\u021bi pot studia subiectul aici sau aici mai detaliat. <\/p>\n

Algoritmii platformei Hedera Hashgraph sunt crea\u021bi pe baza unei cazuri particulare de Byzantine Fault Tolerance \u2014 problema asinjron\u0103 a generalilor bizantini, sau aBFT. \u00cen anul 2016, matematicianul Lemon Baird a propus pentru prima dat\u0103 o solu\u021bie pentru aceasta \u0219i, fiind de\u0219tept, a patentat-o imediat. <\/p>\n

Platforma Hedera Hashgraph este caracterizat\u0103 prin utilizarea comun\u0103 \u0219i sincronizarea datelor digitale conform unui algoritm de consens, descentralizarea fizic\u0103 a nodurilor de stocare a datelor \u0219i absen\u021ba unui centru unic de control. Cu toate acestea, protocolul Hashgraph (\u00een acest caz, Hedera reprezint\u0103 ecosistemul, iar Hashgraph protocolul) nu este considerat un Blockchain, ci un graf orientat aciclic, compus din secven\u021be paralele ce \u00ee\u0219i au originea \u00eentr-un nod \u0219i ajung la un nod final pe diverse c\u0103i. <\/p>\n

Pe scurt, dac\u0103 un blockchain clasic poate fi reprezentat vizual ca o succesiune strict\u0103 de linkuri (ceea ce este, de fapt, proprietatea sa principal\u0103), Hashgraph seam\u0103n\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 cu un bonsai cu un num\u0103r enorm de ramifica\u021bii. Datorit\u0103 num\u0103rului practic nelimitat de cicluri simultane, Hashgraph permite realizarea unui num\u0103r extraordinar de tranzac\u021bii \u00een acela\u0219i timp (dezvoltatorii afirm\u0103 c\u0103 sunt vorba de 250.000 pe secund\u0103, ceea ce dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te de cinci ori capacit\u0103\u021bile chiar ale Visa, dar\u0103mite ale re\u021belei Bitcoin), \u00een timp ce taxa pentru o tranzac\u021bie este, de obicei, inexistent\u0103.<\/p>\n

O alt\u0103 diferen\u021b\u0103 fundamental\u0103 \u00eentre Hashgraph \u0219i blockchain-ul clasic este subprotocolul gossip (protocolul zvonurilor). \u00cen cadrul registrului distribuit, fiecare tranzac\u021bie nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 transmiterea tuturor datelor, ci doar informa\u021bii despre informa\u021bii (Gossip about Gossip). Nodul comunic\u0103 despre tranzac\u021bie dou\u0103 alte noduri arbitrare, fiecare dintre acestea transmi\u021b\u00e2nd la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u mesajele c\u0103tre alte dou\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd num\u0103rul nodurilor informate devine suficient pentru a atinge consensul, lucru care se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd majoritatea nodurilor sunt informate (iar acest proces faciliteaz\u0103 atingerea num\u0103rului de tranzac\u021bii per unitate de timp anun\u021bat). <\/p>\n

Partea 2. Uciga\u0219ul blockchain-ului sau nu
\n<\/b>\u00cen prezent, Hedera Hashgraph este \u00een proces de dezvoltare. \u00cen special, se efectueaz\u0103 teste pentru criptomoneda proprie ce sus\u021bine micropayments, un sistem de stocare distribuit de fi\u0219iere \u0219i scenarii care permit crearea de smart contracts bazate pe limbajele din ecosistemul Ethereum. <\/p>\n

P\u0103rerea despre acest proiect este extrem de polarizat\u0103. Unele surse descriu Hashgraph f\u0103r\u0103 ezitare ca fiind \u201euciga\u0219ul blockchain-ului\u201d, \u00een timp ce altele subliniaz\u0103 corect c\u0103 lipsesc exemple de aplica\u021bii descentralizate func\u021bionale \u00een ecosistemul Hedera. Al\u021bii se \u00eentreab\u0103 de ce baza pl\u0103cii este patentat\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 dezvoltarea sa este controlat\u0103 de un consiliu de supraveghere care include reprezentan\u021bi din mai multe companii de pe lista Fortune 500 (de\u0219i acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 proiectul are un poten\u021bial real \u0219i nu este un scam). Apropo, acum ceva timp, proiectul a fost desprins \u0219i transformat \u00eentr-o companie separat\u0103, Hedera Hashgraph, ceea ce subliniaz\u0103 relevan\u021ba sa pentru dezvoltatori.<\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorii au str\u00e2ns ini\u021bial f\u0103r\u0103 mare tam-tam 18 milioane de dolari \u00eentr-o v\u00e2nzare privat\u0103 de token-uri pentru nevoi opera\u021bionale \u0219i, dup\u0103 un timp, \u00eenc\u0103 100. Nu se ofer\u0103 detalii concrete despre ICO, iar \u00een general, foaia de parcurs a Hedera Hashgraph este caracterizat\u0103 printr-o neclaritate rar\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 acest lucru nu \u00eempiedic\u0103 compania s\u0103 desf\u0103\u0219oare o activitate activ\u0103 pentru popularizarea acestui algoritm de consens. Compania colaboreaz\u0103 \u00eendeaproape cu diverse comunit\u0103\u021bi profesionale \u2014 de la programatori la avoca\u021bi, reprezentan\u021bii proiectului av\u00e2nd deja peste 80 de \u00eent\u00e2lniri cu oameni interesa\u021bi din \u00eentreaga lume, iar chiar \u0219i \u00een Rusia au ajuns \u2014 pe 6 martie, \u00een Moscova, a avut loc o \u00eent\u00e2lnire cu pre\u0219edintele Hedera Hashgraph, Tom Troubridge, dar se pare c\u0103 au fost prezen\u021bi mul\u021bi reprezentan\u021bi din cercurile noastre IT \u0219i financiare.<\/p>\n

Domnul Troubridge a spus c\u0103 \u00een cur\u00e2nd se a\u0219teapt\u0103 s\u0103 apar\u0103 nu mai pu\u021bin de 40 de aplica\u021bii descentralizate bazate pe Hedera Hashgraph, iar \u00een total sunt \u00een lucru peste 100, a\u0219a c\u0103 \u00een viitorul apropiat toat\u0103 lumea va avea ocazia s\u0103 vad\u0103 \u00een direct cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 acest sistem.<\/p>\n

\u00cen concluzie
\n<\/b>\u00cen general, putem afirma cu certitudine c\u00e2teva lucruri. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, proiectul este non-trivial \u0219i a st\u00e2rnit deja un interes semnificativ din partea reprezentan\u021bilor marilor corpora\u021bii. \u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, pentru cei neini\u021bia\u021bi, este \u00een mod evident greu de \u00een\u021beles, ceea ce, din c\u00e2te pare, explic\u0103 lipsa de informa\u021bii disponibile public (iar, conform videoclipului cu domnul Limon, acest domn inteligent nu este deloc un orator). \u00cen al treilea r\u00e2nd, este pu\u021bin probabil ca acesta s\u0103 devin\u0103 \u201eperturbatorul Bitcoin-ului\u201d sau ceva la fel de patetic, dar beneficiile sale declarate par destul de substan\u021biale pentru a urm\u0103ri cu aten\u021bie acest proiect.<\/p>\n

Cu at\u00e2t mai mult, se zvone\u0219te c\u0103 organizatorii inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 atrag\u0103 un nou tran\u0219\u0103 de investi\u021bii, ceea ce face ca participarea s\u0103 aib\u0103 perfect sens.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u2014 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0438\u0445\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433 \u2014 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e Hedera Hashgraph. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Swirlds Inc. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442: \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 Hedera Hashgraph. \u0412 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0445: \u041b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0411\u0430\u0438\u0440\u0434, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 Hashgraph, \u0441\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Sprijin pentru minte: platforma de registru distribuit Hedera Hashgraph | ProHoster","description":"Algoritmul de 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