{"id":30470,"date":"2019-10-31T21:35:42","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:35:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sovremennaya-platforma-dlya-razrabotki-i-razvertyvaniya-programmnogo-obespecheniya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:35:42","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:35:42","slug":"sovremennaya-platforma-dlya-razrabotki-i-razvertyvaniya-programmnogo-obespecheniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sovremennaya-platforma-dlya-razrabotki-i-razvertyvaniya-programmnogo-obespecheniya","title":{"rendered":"O platform\u0103 modern\u0103 pentru dezvoltarea \u0219i desf\u0103\u0219urarea software-ului.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Aceasta este prima publica\u021bie dintr-o serie de materiale dedicate schimb\u0103rilor, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birilor \u0219i complet\u0103rilor din viitoarea actualizare a platformei Red Hat OpenShift la versiunea 4.0, care vor ajuta la preg\u0103tirea pentru trecerea la noua versiune.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"O platform\u0103 modern\u0103 pentru dezvoltarea \u0219i desf\u0103\u0219urarea software-ului.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/c3c3ca1d31f65d6642acb50832db0812.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u00cenc\u0103 de la acel moment \u00een care reprezentan\u021bii comunit\u0103\u021bii Kubernetes, abia emergente, s-au reunit pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een toamna anului 2014 \u00een biroul Google din Seattle, a fost evident c\u0103 proiectul Kubernetes va schimba fundamental abord\u0103rile actuale \u00een dezvoltarea \u0219i implementarea software-ului. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, furnizorii publici de servicii cloud continuau s\u0103 investeasc\u0103 activ \u00een dezvoltarea infrastructurii \u0219i serviciilor, ceea ce a u\u0219urat \u0219i simplificat semnificativ munca cu IT-ul \u0219i crearea de software, f\u0103c\u00e2ndu-le incredibil de accesibile, lucru pe care pu\u021bini ar fi putut s\u0103-l imagineze la \u00eenceputul decadelor.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nDesigur, anun\u021bul fiec\u0103rui nou serviciu cloud a fost \u00eenso\u021bit de numeroase discu\u021bii ale exper\u021bilor pe Twitter, iar disputele se purtau pe teme variate - inclusiv despre sf\u00e2r\u0219itul erei codurilor deschise, despre declinul IT-ului pe partea clien\u021bilor (on-premises IT), despre inevitabilitatea unei noi monopolii software \u00een cloud \u0219i despre cum noua paradigm\u0103 X va \u00eenlocui toate celelalte paradigme. <\/p>\n<h3>Nu trebuie s\u0103 spunem c\u0103 toate aceste dispute au fost extrem de stupide.<\/h3>\n<p>\nRealitatea este c\u0103 nimic nu dispare \u0219i ast\u0103zi putem observa o cre\u0219tere exponen\u021bial\u0103 a produselor finale \u0219i a modalit\u0103\u021bilor lor de dezvoltare, ceea ce este legat de apari\u021bia constant\u0103 a noului software \u00een vie\u021bile noastre. \u0218i, de\u0219i totul \u00een jur se va schimba, \u00een esen\u021b\u0103, totul va r\u0103m\u00e2ne neschimbat. Dezvoltatorii de software vor continua s\u0103 scrie cod cu erori, inginerii de opera\u021biuni \u0219i speciali\u0219tii \u00een fiabilitate vor continua s\u0103 umble cu pagere \u0219i s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 alerte automate \u00een Slack, iar managerii vor opera \u00een continuare cu conceptele de OpEx \u0219i CapEx, iar de fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd apare o problem\u0103, dezvoltatorul senior va suspina trist spun\u00e2nd: \u201e\u0218tiam eu...\u201d <\/p>\n<p>Ce ar trebui cu adev\u0103rat <b>s\u0103 discut\u0103m<\/b>, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 putem avea la dispozi\u021bie instrumentele necesare pentru a crea produse software de o calitate superioar\u0103 \u0219i cum acestea ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bim securitatea \u0219i s\u0103 facem dezvoltarea mai simpl\u0103 \u0219i mai fiabil\u0103. Odat\u0103 cu cre\u0219terea complexit\u0103\u021bii proiectelor, apar \u0219i noi riscuri, iar ast\u0103zi vie\u021bile oamenilor depind at\u00e2t de mult de software, \u00eenc\u00e2t dezvoltatorii trebuie s\u0103 se str\u0103duiasc\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i fac\u0103 munca mai bine. <\/p>\n<p>Kubernetes este unul dintre aceste instrumente. Se lucreaz\u0103 pentru a integra acest instrument cu alte unelte \u0219i servicii \u00een cadrul Red Hat OpenShift \u00eentr-o platform\u0103 unificat\u0103, care s\u0103 fac\u0103 software-ul mai fiabil, mai u\u0219or de gestionat \u0219i mai sigur pentru utilizatori. <\/p>\n<p>Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere cele spuse, echipa OpenShift \u00ee\u0219i pune o \u00eentrebare simpl\u0103: <\/p>\n<h3>Cum putem face lucrul cu Kubernetes mai simplu \u0219i mai confortabil? <\/h3>\n<p>\nR\u0103spunsul este, surprinz\u0103tor, evident: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>s\u0103 automatiz\u0103m momentele complexe din desf\u0103\u0219urarea \u00een cloud sau on-premise; <\/li>\n<li>s\u0103 ne concentr\u0103m pe fiabilitate, ascunz\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp complexitatea; <\/li>\n<li>s\u0103 continu\u0103m s\u0103 lucr\u0103m constant pentru lansarea unor actualiz\u0103ri simple \u0219i sigure; <\/li>\n<li>s\u0103 ne asigur\u0103m c\u0103 exist\u0103 un control \u0219i posibilitatea de audit; <\/li>\n<li>s\u0103 ne str\u0103duim s\u0103 asigur\u0103m \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceput un nivel ridicat de securitate, f\u0103r\u0103 a compromite utilizabilitatea. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nUrm\u0103toarea versiune OpenShift trebuie s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 cont at\u00e2t de experien\u021ba creatorilor, c\u00e2t \u0219i de experien\u021ba altor dezvoltatori, care implementeaz\u0103 software la scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een cele mai mari companii din lume. De asemenea, aceasta trebuie s\u0103 integreze \u00eentreaga experien\u021b\u0103 acumulat\u0103 a ecosistemelor deschise, care stau la baza lumii moderne. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 abandon\u0103m mentalitatea anterioar\u0103 a dezvoltatorului amator \u0219i s\u0103 ne orient\u0103m spre o nou\u0103 filozofie a viitorului automatiz\u0103rii. Aceasta trebuie s\u0103 fie un 'pod' \u00eentre vechile \u0219i noile metode de desf\u0103\u0219urare a software-ului \u0219i s\u0103 utilizeze pe deplin toat\u0103 infrastructura disponibil\u0103 \u2013 indiferent dac\u0103 este sus\u021binut\u0103 de un mare furnizor de cloud sau rulat\u0103 pe sisteme mici la marginea re\u021belei. <\/p>\n<h3>Cum putem atinge acest rezultat?<\/h3>\n<p>\nLa Red Hat se angajeaz\u0103 s\u0103 finalizeze munca plictisitoare \u0219i nerecunosc\u0103toare pentru a men\u021bine comunitatea format\u0103 \u0219i a evita \u00eenchiderea proiectelor \u00een care compania este implicat\u0103. \u00cen comunitatea open-source exist\u0103 o mul\u021bime de dezvoltatori talenta\u021bi care creeaz\u0103 lucruri extraordinare \u2013 distractive, educative, care deschid noi oportunit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i pur \u0219i simplu frumoase, dar, desigur, nimeni nu se a\u0219teapt\u0103 ca to\u021bi participan\u021bii s\u0103 mearg\u0103 \u00een aceea\u0219i direc\u021bie sau s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 scopuri comune. Folosirea acestei energii, redirec\u021bionarea ei \u00een direc\u021bia dorit\u0103, este uneori necesar\u0103 pentru dezvoltarea unor direc\u021bii care ar fi benefice pentru utilizatorii no\u0219tri, dar \u00een acela\u0219i timp trebuie s\u0103 ne monitoriz\u0103m comunit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m de la ele. <\/p>\n<p>La \u00eenceputul anului 2018, Red Hat a achizi\u021bionat proiectul CoreOS, care avea viziuni similare pentru viitor \u2013 mai sigur \u0219i mai fiabil, creat pe principii open-source. Compania a lucrat la dezvoltarea ulterioar\u0103 a acestor idei \u0219i implementarea lor, pun\u00e2nd \u00een practic\u0103 filosofia noastr\u0103 \u2013 \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 asigure func\u021bionarea \u00een siguran\u021b\u0103 a \u00eentregului software. Toat\u0103 aceast\u0103 munc\u0103 se bazeaz\u0103 pe Kubernetes, Linux, cloud-uri publice, cloud-uri private \u0219i mii de alte proiecte care stau la baza ecosistemului nostru digital modern. <\/p>\n<h3>Noua versiune OpenShift 4 va fi clar\u0103, automatizat\u0103 \u0219i mai natural\u0103.<\/h3>\n<p>\nPlatforma OpenShift va func\u021biona cu cele mai bune \u0219i fiabile sisteme de operare Linux, cu suport hardware bare-metal, virtualizare convenabil\u0103, programare automat\u0103 a infrastructurii \u0219i, desigur, containere (care sunt de fapt doar imagini Linux). <\/p>\n<p>Platforma trebuie s\u0103 fie sigur\u0103 de la bun \u00eenceput, dar \u00een acela\u0219i timp s\u0103 ofere posibilitatea unor itera\u021bii convenabile pentru dezvoltatori \u2013 adic\u0103 s\u0103 aib\u0103 o flexibilitate \u0219i fiabilitate suficiente, permi\u021b\u00e2nd totodat\u0103 administratorilor s\u0103 efectueze audituri \u0219i s\u0103 asigure u\u0219urin\u021ba gestion\u0103rii. <\/p>\n<p>Aceasta trebuie s\u0103 permit\u0103 rularea software-ului \u201eca serviciu\u201d \u0219i s\u0103 nu duc\u0103 la o expansiune necontrolat\u0103 a infrastructurii pentru operatori. <\/p>\n<p>Aceasta va permite dezvoltatorilor s\u0103 se concentreze pe crearea de produse reale pentru utilizatori \u0219i clien\u021bi. Nu va mai fi nevoie s\u0103 navigheze prin jungla set\u0103rilor hardware \u0219i software, iar toate complica\u021biile accidentale vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een trecut. <\/p>\n<h3>OpenShift 4: O platform\u0103 NoOps care nu necesit\u0103 suport<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00cen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.openshift.com\/the-modern-software-platform\/\">din blog.<\/a><\/noindex> Au fost descrise acele sarcini care au ajutat la formarea viziunii companiei cu privire la OpenShift 4. Echipa are sarcina de a simplifica c\u00e2t mai mult posibil sarcinile de operare \u0219i suport software, f\u0103c\u00e2nd aceste procese simple \u0219i relaxante \u2013 at\u00e2t pentru speciali\u0219tii implica\u021bi \u00een implementare, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru dezvoltatori. Dar cum putem apropia de acest obiectiv? Cum s\u0103 cre\u0103m o platform\u0103 pentru rularea software-ului, care necesit\u0103 o interven\u021bie minim\u0103? Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103, de fapt, NoOps \u00een acest context? <\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 \u00eencerc\u0103m s\u0103 ne abstragem, atunci pentru dezvoltatori conceptele de \u201eserverless\u201d sau \u201eNoOps\u201d reprezint\u0103 instrumente \u0219i servicii care permit ascunderea componentei \u201eopera\u021bionale\u201d sau minimizarea acestei poveri pentru dezvoltator. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lucreaz\u0103 nu cu sisteme, ci cu interfe\u021be de programare a aplica\u021biilor (API). <\/li>\n<li>Nu te ocupa cu implementarea software-ului \u2013 las\u0103 aceast\u0103 sarcin\u0103 providerului. <\/li>\n<li>Nu ar trebui s\u0103 te apuci deodat\u0103 de crearea unui cadru mare \u2013 \u00eencepe prin a scrie fragmente mici, care vor ac\u021biona ca \u201eblocuri de construc\u021bie\u201d, asigur\u0103-te c\u0103 acest cod func\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu date \u0219i evenimente, nu cu discuri \u0219i baze de date.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSarcina, ca \u0219i \u00eenainte, r\u0103m\u00e2ne s\u0103 accelereze itera\u021biile \u00een dezvoltarea software-ului, s\u0103 ofere posibilitatea de a crea produse de calitate superioar\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t dezvoltatorul s\u0103 nu fie \u00eengrijorat de sistemele pe care ruleaz\u0103 software-ul s\u0103u. Un dezvoltator experimentat \u00een\u021belege perfect c\u0103, dac\u0103 se concentreaz\u0103 pe utilizatori, situa\u021bia se poate schimba rapid, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu ar trebui s\u0103 investeasc\u0103 prea mult efort \u00een scrierea software-ului, dac\u0103 nu are o \u00eencredere absolut\u0103 \u00een necesitatea acestuia. <\/p>\n<p>Pentru speciali\u0219tii implica\u021bi \u00een suportul \u0219i exploatarea sistemelor, termenul \u201eNoOps\u201d poate suna pu\u021bin \u00eenfrico\u0219\u0103tor. Dar, \u00een timpul interac\u021biunii cu inginerii de exploatare, devine evident c\u0103 modelele \u0219i metodele folosite de ei, menite s\u0103 asigure fiabilitatea (Site Reliability Engineering, SRE), se aliniaz\u0103 \u00een mare parte cu modelele men\u021bionate anterior: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nu gestiona\u021bi sistemele \u2013 automatiza\u021bi procesele de gestionare a acestora. <\/li>\n<li>Nu v\u0103 ocupa\u021bi de implementarea software-ului \u2013 crea\u021bi un pipeline pentru desf\u0103\u0219urarea acestuia. <\/li>\n<li>\u00cencerca\u021bi s\u0103 nu combina\u021bi toate serviciile dvs. \u0219i nu permite\u021bi ca defectarea unuia dintre ele s\u0103 duc\u0103 la e\u0219ecul \u00eentregului sistem \u2013 disperseaz\u0103-le \u00een \u00eentreaga infrastructur\u0103 folosind instrumente de automatizare \u0219i conecta\u021bi-le, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere posibilitatea de control \u0219i monitorizare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSpeciali\u0219tii \u00een SRE \u0219tiu c\u0103 lucrurile pot merge prost \u0219i va trebui s\u0103 monitorizeze \u0219i s\u0103 rezolve problemele \u2013 de aceea, ei automatizeaz\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bile de rutin\u0103 \u0219i stabilesc din timp limitele acceptabile de erori (error budgets), pentru a fi preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 prioritizeze \u0219i s\u0103 ia decizii \u00een caz de probleme. <\/p>\n<p>Kubernetes \u00een OpenShift este o platform\u0103 destinat\u0103 s\u0103 rezolve dou\u0103 probleme principale: \u00een loc s\u0103 te for\u021beze s\u0103 te ocupi de ma\u0219ini virtuale sau API-uri ale \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103toarelor de echilibrare, lucrezi cu abera\u021bii de ordin superior \u2013 cu procesele de desf\u0103\u0219urare \u0219i serviciile. \u00cen loc s\u0103 instalezi agen\u021bi software, po\u021bi lansa containere, iar \u00een loc s\u0103 scrii propriul t\u0103u stack de monitorizare, folose\u0219te instrumentele deja disponibile pe platform\u0103. Astfel, ingredientul secret al OpenShift 4 nu reprezint\u0103 de fapt niciun mister \u2013 trebuie doar s\u0103 aplici principiile SRE \u0219i conceptele serverless \u0219i s\u0103 le duci la bun sf\u00e2r\u0219it, \u00een sprijinul dezvoltatorilor \u0219i inginerilor de exploatare: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Automatiza\u021bi \u0219i standardiza\u021bi infrastructura utilizat\u0103 de aplica\u021bii.<\/li>\n<li>Conecta\u021bi procesele de desf\u0103\u0219urare \u0219i dezvoltare f\u0103r\u0103 a limita dezvoltatorii.<\/li>\n<li>Asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 desf\u0103\u0219urarea, auditarea \u0219i asigurarea securit\u0103\u021bii celui de-al suta serviciu, func\u021bionalitate, aplica\u021bie sau \u00eentreaga stiv\u0103 nu sunt mai dificile dec\u00e2t pentru primul. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDar care este diferen\u021ba \u00eentre platforma OpenShift 4 \u0219i predecesoarele sale, precum \u0219i \u00eentre abordarea \u201estandard\u201d de a rezolva probleme similare? Cum se realizeaz\u0103 scalarea pentru echipele care se ocup\u0103 de implementare \u0219i operare? Datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 regele \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie este clusterul. A\u0219adar,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Facem astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t scopul clusterelor s\u0103 fie clar (Cloud costisitor, acest cluster l-am creat pentru c\u0103 am putut)<\/li>\n<li>Ma\u0219inile \u0219i sistemele de operare exist\u0103 pentru a sprijini clusterul (Majestatea Voastr\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>Gestioneaz\u0103 starea gazdelor din cluster, minimaliz\u00e2nd reconstruirea acestora (drift). <\/li>\n<li>Pentru fiecare element important al sistemului, este necesar un mecanism (bon\u0103) care s\u0103 monitorizeze \u0219i s\u0103 rezolve problemele<\/li>\n<li>Defec\u021biunea *fiec\u0103rui* aspect sau element al sistemului activeaz\u0103 mecanismele de recuperare \u2014 aceasta este o parte obi\u0219nuit\u0103 a vie\u021bii<\/li>\n<li>\u00centreaga infrastructur\u0103 trebuie configurat\u0103 prin intermediul API-ului. <\/li>\n<li>Folose\u0219te Kubernetes pentru a rula Kubernetes. (Da, da, nu este o gre\u0219eal\u0103 de tipar)<\/li>\n<li>Actualiz\u0103rile trebuie instalate u\u0219or \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 efort. Dac\u0103 pentru instalarea unei actualiz\u0103ri sunt necesare mai mult de un clic al mouse-ului, atunci, evident, facem ceva gre\u0219it. <\/li>\n<li>Monitorizarea \u0219i depanarea oric\u0103rui component nu ar trebui s\u0103 reprezinte o problem\u0103, iar, \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103, urm\u0103rirea \u0219i raportarea pentru \u00eentreaga infrastructur\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 fie la fel de simpl\u0103 \u0219i convenabil\u0103. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Vrei s\u0103 vezi capacit\u0103\u021bile platformei \u00een ac\u021biune?<\/h3>\n<p>\nVersiunea preliminar\u0103 OpenShift 4 este disponibil\u0103 pentru dezvoltatori. Cu ajutorul unui instalator u\u0219or de utilizat, po\u021bi s\u0103 rulezi un cluster pe AWS folosind Red Hat CoreOS. Pentru a beneficia de versiunea preliminar\u0103, este necesar doar un cont AWS pentru a furniza infrastructura \u0219i un set de conturi pentru a accesa imaginile versiunii preliminare. <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pentru a \u00eencepe, acceseaz\u0103 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/try.openshift.com\/\">try.openshift.com<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i apas\u0103 \u201eGet Started\u201d. <\/li>\n<li>Conecteaz\u0103-te la contul t\u0103u Red Hat (sau creeaz\u0103 unul nou) \u0219i urmeaz\u0103 instruc\u021biunile pentru a configura primul t\u0103u cluster. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nDup\u0103 instalarea cu succes, consult\u0103 materialele noastre de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/openshift\/training\">OpenShift Training<\/a><\/noindex>, pentru a ob\u021bine o imagine mai detaliat\u0103 a sistemelor \u0219i conceptelor care fac din platforma OpenShift 4 un instrument at\u00e2t de simplu \u0219i convenabil pentru a rula Kubernetes. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cencerca\u021bi noua versiune OpenShift \u0219i \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219i\u021bi-v\u0103 opinia. Ne str\u0103duim s\u0103 facem utilizarea Kubernetes c\u00e2t mai accesibil\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 efort \u2013 viitorul NoOps \u00eencepe chiar ast\u0103zi. <\/p>\n<p><b>\u0218i acum aten\u021bie!<br \/>\nLa conferin\u021b\u0103 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/devopsforum.ru\/\">DevOpsForum 2019<\/a><\/noindex> Pe 20 aprilie, unul dintre dezvoltatorii OpenShift, Vadim Rutkovski, va sus\u021bine un masterclass \u2013 va distruge zece clustere \u0219i ne va \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba s\u0103 le repar\u0103m. Conferin\u021ba este cu plat\u0103, dar cu codul promo\u021bional #RedHat ave\u021bi o reducere de 37%.<\/p>\n<p>Masterclass-ul va avea loc \u00eentre 17:15 \u0219i 18:15, iar standul va func\u021biona \u00eentreaga zi. Tricouri, p\u0103l\u0103rii, autocolante \u2013 ca de obicei!<\/p>\n<p>Sala #2<br \/>\n\u201eTrebuie s\u0103 schimb\u0103m \u00eentreaga sistem\u0103: repar\u0103m clusterele k8s defecte \u00eempreun\u0103 cu mecanicii certifica\u021bi.\u201d <\/b><br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/redhatrussia\/blog\/445558\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c, \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Red Hat OpenShift \u0434\u043e 4.0, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e. \u0421 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 Kubernetes \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e 2014 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0435 Google \u0432 \u0421\u0438\u044d\u0442\u043b\u0435, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":22470,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f 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