{"id":31125,"date":"2019-10-31T21:39:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-takoe-biblioteka-itil-i-zachem-ona-nuzhna-vashej-kompanii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:39:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:36","slug":"chto-takoe-biblioteka-itil-i-zachem-ona-nuzhna-vashej-kompanii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-takoe-biblioteka-itil-i-zachem-ona-nuzhna-vashej-kompanii","title":{"rendered":"Ce este biblioteca ITIL \u0219i de ce este necesar\u0103 companiei dumneavoastr\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cre\u0219terea rapid\u0103 a importan\u021bei tehnologiilor informa\u021bionale pentru afaceri necesit\u0103 o aten\u021bie tot mai mare c\u0103tre organizarea \u0219i implementarea furniz\u0103rii de servicii IT. Ast\u0103zi, tehnologiile informa\u021bionale sunt utilizate nu doar pentru a rezolva probleme locale \u00een cadrul organiza\u021biei, ci \u0219i \u00een elaborarea strategiei sale de afaceri. Importan\u021ba acestor sarcini a generat necesitatea dezvolt\u0103rii unei abord\u0103ri fundamentale noi pentru sistematizarea informa\u021biilor acumulate. \u00cen acest scop, a fost creat\u0103 biblioteca ITIL, care descrie cele mai bune practici pentru furnizarea de servicii \u00een domeniul IT. Astfel, speciali\u0219tii din domeniul IT au avut oportunitatea de a utiliza \u00een activitatea lor cele mai bune solu\u021bii, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bind calitatea serviciilor furnizate. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ce este biblioteca ITIL \u0219i de ce este necesar\u0103 companiei dumneavoastr\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/c066ccb9cbe4c3d854ece2fb3863f143.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>De ce este necesar?<\/h3>\n<p>\nAn de an, tehnologiile informa\u021bionale (IT) joac\u0103 un rol tot mai important \u00een afaceri. IT permite organiza\u021biilor s\u0103 fie competitive, oferind instrumente care ajut\u0103 la colectarea, procesarea, stocarea \u0219i analiza unor volume mari de informa\u021bii pentru luarea unor decizii de afaceri. Companiile care st\u0103p\u00e2nesc mai bine tehnologiile informa\u021bionale ob\u021bin \u0219i cele mai bune rezultate, av\u00e2nd un avantaj competitiv sub forma unui instrument care permite utilizarea datelor disponibile pentru maximizarea beneficiilor. Prin urmare, IT este un mijloc de cre\u0219tere a eficien\u021bei \u00eentregii organiza\u021bii. <\/p>\n<p>De c\u00e2teva decenii, informatizarea afacerilor joac\u0103 un rol tot mai important \u00een func\u021bionarea eficient\u0103 a companiilor. Pe parcursul diferitelor etape ale existen\u021bei sale, IT a fost utilizat \u00een diverse procese de afaceri, iar nu toate tentativele s-au dovedit eficiente. Astfel, a ap\u0103rut necesitatea de a acumula experien\u021ba mondial\u0103 \u00een utilizarea IT \u00een domeniul afacerilor, care a fost, \u00een final, realizat\u0103 sub forma bibliotecii ITIL, ce con\u021bine metodologii de gestionare \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a proceselor de afaceri legate, \u00eentr-un fel sau altul, de IT. Biblioteca ITIL poate fi utilizat\u0103 at\u00e2t de companiile care ofer\u0103 servicii \u00een domeniul IT, c\u00e2t \u0219i de departamentele separate din companiile de alte profiluri care asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea IT pentru \u00eentreaga organiza\u021bie. Ghidurile ITIL sunt utilizate \u00een acest tip de abordare \u00een managementul \u0219i organizarea serviciilor IT, denumit ITSM.<\/p>\n<h3>Ce este ITIL<\/h3>\n<p>\nBiblioteca IT infrastructure library (biblioteca ITIL) sau Biblioteca infrastructurii tehnologiilor informa\u021biei este o serie de c\u0103r\u021bi care con\u021bin un set de \u00eendrum\u0103ri pentru gestionarea, depanarea \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea continu\u0103 a proceselor de afaceri asociate cu IT. <\/p>\n<p>Prima edi\u021bie a bibliotecii, la cererea guvernului britanic, a fost creat\u0103 \u00eentre anii 1986-1989 \u0219i a \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie publicat\u0103 \u00een 1992, iar ultima versiune, ITIL V3, a fost lansat\u0103 \u00een 2007. Ultima edi\u021bie a bibliotecii, publicat\u0103 \u00een 2011, const\u0103 din 5 volume. La \u00eenceputul anului 2019, a fost lansat\u0103 o versiune preliminar\u0103 a celei de-a patra versiuni a bibliotecii V4, versiunea complet\u0103 a c\u0103rei dezvoltator, AXELOS, va fi publicat\u0103 \u00een aproximativ un an.<\/p>\n<h3>Structura \u0219i con\u021binutul bibliotecii ITIL<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00cen dezvoltarea celei de-a treia edi\u021bii, a fost utilizat\u0103 o nou\u0103 abordare pentru formularea con\u021binutului s\u0103u, denumit\u0103 \u201eciclul de via\u021b\u0103 al serviciului\u201d. Aceasta const\u0103 \u00een faptul c\u0103 fiecare volum al bibliotecii se concentreaz\u0103 pe o anumit\u0103 faz\u0103 a \u201eciclului de via\u021b\u0103\u201d. Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 fazele acestui ciclu conform bibliotecii ITIL sunt cinci, exist\u0103 \u0219i cinci c\u0103r\u021bi care o compun:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Strategia serviciilor (Service Strategy);<\/li>\n<li>Proiectarea serviciilor (Service Design);<\/li>\n<li>Transformarea serviciilor (Service Transition);<\/li>\n<li>Exploatarea serviciilor (Service Operation);<\/li>\n<li>\u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea continu\u0103 a serviciilor (Continual Service Improvement).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ce este biblioteca ITIL \u0219i de ce este necesar\u0103 companiei dumneavoastr\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/77fd85f930417c390c364286f2f558ba.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPrima faz\u0103, Strategia serviciilor, ajut\u0103 afacerea s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 cine este publicul s\u0103u \u021bint\u0103, care sunt nevoile lor \u0219i, prin urmare, ce servicii le sunt necesare, care este echipamentul necesar pentru furnizarea acestor servicii, precum \u0219i dezvoltarea cerin\u021belor pentru realizarea lor. De asemenea, \u00een cadrul Strategiei serviciilor se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 constant ajust\u0103ri ale activit\u0103\u021bii pentru a \u00een\u021belege dac\u0103 pre\u021bul serviciului corespunde valorilor pe care clientul le poate ob\u021bine din acest serviciu.<\/p>\n<p>Ulterior, urmeaz\u0103 faza Proiect\u0103rii serviciilor, care asigur\u0103 c\u0103 serviciul r\u0103spunde complet a\u0219tept\u0103rilor clientului.<\/p>\n<p>Faza Transform\u0103rii serviciilor se ocup\u0103 de produc\u021bia \u0219i implementarea de succes a serviciului necesar clientului. La acest nivel se realizeaz\u0103 testarea, controlul calit\u0103\u021bii, implementarea produsului etc.<\/p>\n<p>Apoi urmeaz\u0103 Exploatarea serviciilor, \u00een cadrul c\u0103reia are loc produc\u021bia planificat\u0103 a serviciilor, activitatea serviciului de suport pentru solu\u021bionarea problemelor locale \u0219i acumularea unei baze de probleme repetitive pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii serviciilor.<\/p>\n<p>Ultima faz\u0103 este \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea continu\u0103 a serviciilor, responsabil\u0103 pentru modific\u0103rile \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile din toate etapele de produc\u021bie a serviciului \u0219i pentru eficien\u021ba proceselor organiza\u021biei.<\/p>\n<p>Aceste cinci faze constituie cadrul de baz\u0103 al ciclului de via\u021b\u0103 al serviciului, concepte cheie care pot fi utilizate \u00een contextul bibliotecii ITIL. <\/p>\n<p>Fiecare faz\u0103 (\u0219i, prin urmare, cartea) abordeaz\u0103 diferite aspecte ale managementului afacerii. De exemplu: Managementul cererii, Managementul finan\u021belor \u00een domeniul serviciilor IT, managementul furniz\u0103rii \u0219i multe altele.<\/p>\n<h3>Principiile utiliz\u0103rii bibliotecii ITIL<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00centruc\u00e2t ITIL este unul dintre elementele cheie \u00een aplicarea abord\u0103rii ITSM \u00een managementul afacerii, principalele principii de utilizare a bibliotecii decurg din filosofia ITSM. Ideea principal\u0103 a abord\u0103rii ITSM este mutarea aten\u021biei de pe tehnologii pe serviciile oferite. Abordarea ITSM sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een loc de tehnologii, organiza\u021bia ar trebui s\u0103 se concentreze pe clien\u021bi \u0219i servicii. Astfel, afacerea trebuie s\u0103 se concentreze pe ce oportunit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i rezultate pot aduce tehnologiile clientului, ce valori poate crea afacerea \u0219i cum poate afacerea s\u0103 se \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Cele zece principii cheie, extrase din ghidul \u201eITIL Practitioner Guidance\u201d, scris de Kaimar Karu \u0219i al\u021bi dezvoltatori ai bibliotecii, sunt enumerate mai jos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Concentra\u021bi-v\u0103 pe valori;<\/li>\n<li>Proiecta\u021bi pentru practic\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>\u00cencepe\u021bi de unde sunte\u021bi acum;<\/li>\n<li>Aborda\u021bi munca holistic;<\/li>\n<li>Avansa\u021bi iterativ;<\/li>\n<li>Observa\u021bi procesele direct;<\/li>\n<li>Fi\u021bi transparen\u021bi;<\/li>\n<li>Interac\u021biona\u021bi;<\/li>\n<li>Principalul principiu: simplitatea;<\/li>\n<li>Aplica\u021bi aceste principii \u00een practic\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSe poate concluziona c\u0103 aceste principii, cheie pentru ITIL, pot fi aplicate \u0219i \u00een alte abord\u0103ri \u0219i metodologii de management al afacerii, dezvoltarea produsului etc. (Lean, Agile \u0219i altele), ceea ce confirm\u0103 faptul c\u0103 aceste principii func\u021bioneaz\u0103. Deoarece biblioteca ITIL a integrat experien\u021ba de-a lungul anilor a numeroaselor organiza\u021bii, aceste principii au devenit fundamentale pentru func\u021bionarea eficient\u0103 a afacerii. <\/p>\n<p>Deoarece aceste principii sunt relativ nespecifice, ele dispun de flexibilitate ca instrument. Una dintre principalele aser\u021biuni \u00een lucrul cu ITIL este: \u201eAdopt and adapt\u201d, adic\u0103 \u201eAdopt\u0103 \u0219i adapteaz\u0103\u201d. <\/p>\n<p>Prin \u201eAdopt\u0103\u201d se \u00een\u021belege acceptarea de c\u0103tre afacere a filozofiei ITIL, cu un accent pe clien\u021bi \u0219i servicii. Aser\u021biunea \u201eAdapteaz\u0103\u201d implic\u0103 utilizarea con\u0219tient\u0103 a celor mai bune practici ITIL \u0219i adaptarea lor la nevoile specifice ale afacerii.<\/p>\n<p>Astfel, angajamentul fa\u021b\u0103 de o abordare compatibil\u0103 cu principiile ITIL, folosind ghidurile din bibliotec\u0103, poate transforma \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi semnificativ diferite procese ale organiza\u021biei. <\/p>\n<h3>A\u0219adar, concluziile<\/h3>\n<p>\nITIL utilizeaz\u0103 o nou\u0103 abordare \u00een dezvoltarea \u0219i furnizarea serviciilor IT, care ia \u00een considerare \u00eentregul ciclu de via\u021b\u0103 al serviciilor IT. Aceast\u0103 abordare sistematic\u0103 a gestion\u0103rii serviciilor IT permite afacerii s\u0103 valorifice la maximum oportunit\u0103\u021bile oferite de biblioteca ITIL: gestionarea riscurilor, dezvoltarea produsului, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea rela\u021biilor cu clien\u021bii, optimizarea costurilor, accelerarea proceselor \u0219i cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de servicii, datorit\u0103 unei dezvolt\u0103ri corecte a mediului IT. <\/p>\n<p>Dat fiind c\u0103 condi\u021biile de afaceri se schimb\u0103 constant, biblioteca ITIL trebuie, de asemenea, s\u0103 se adapteze \u0219i s\u0103 se \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 pentru a r\u0103spunde cel mai bine tuturor cerin\u021belor impuse de lumea modern\u0103. La \u00eenceputul anului 2019, este planificat\u0103 lansarea unei noi versiuni a bibliotecii ITIL, iar aplicarea ghidurilor sale \u00een practic\u0103 va ar\u0103ta \u00een ce direc\u021bie se vor dezvolta afacerea \u0219i procesele sale.<\/p>\n<h3>Literatur\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>\nCartlidge A., Chakravarthy J., Rudd C., Sowerby J.A. Operational Support and Analysis ITIL Intermediate Capability Handbook. \u2013 Londra, TSO, 2013. \u2014 179 p.<br \/>\nKaru K. ITIL Practitioner Guidance. \u2014 Londra, TSO, 2016. \u2013 434 p.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/447276\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 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