{"id":31720,"date":"2019-10-31T21:42:42","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:42:42","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:42","slug":"modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod","title":{"rendered":"Stocare modular\u0103 \u0219i grade de libertate JBOD","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2nd o afacere opereaz\u0103 cu volume mari de date, unitatea de stocare devine nu un disc separat, ci un ansamblu de discuri, o colectivitate a volumului necesar. \u0218i trebuie s\u0103 o gestion\u0103m ca pe o entitate unic\u0103. Logica scal\u0103rii stoc\u0103rii cu agregate de mari blocuri este bine descris\u0103 prin exemplul JBOD \u2014 at\u00e2t ca format de unire a discurilor, c\u00e2t \u0219i ca dispozitiv fizic.<\/p>\n

Infrastructura de discuri poate fi scalat\u0103 nu doar \u201e\u00een sus\u201d, prin cascadarea JBOD-ului, ci \u0219i \u201e\u00een interior\u201d, utiliz\u00e2nd diferite scenarii de umplere. Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 acest lucru, vom analiza prin exemplul Western Digital Ultastar Data60.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Despre umplere<\/h2>\n

\nJBOD este o clas\u0103 separat\u0103 de echipamente server care permite o amplasare dens\u0103 a discurilor, cu acces multicanal la acestea prin SAS. Produc\u0103torii de JBOD le v\u00e2nd goale, par\u021bial sau complet umplute cu discuri \u2014 fiecare cum prefer\u0103. Umplerea treptat\u0103 a stoc\u0103rii cu discuri \u2014 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce nevoile cresc \u2014 permite dispersarea cheltuielilor de capital \u00een timp. La Western Digital este avantajos s\u0103 cumperi JBOD cu toate cele 60 de discuri \u2014 este mult mai ieftin. Dar se pot achizi\u021biona \u0219i par\u021bial umplute: configura\u021bia minim\u0103 a Ultastar Data60 const\u0103 \u00een 24 de unit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n

De ce 24? R\u0103spunsul este simplu: aerodinamica. \u201eStandardul de aur\u201d JBOD 4U \/ 60 x 3.5\u201d s-a stabilit \u00een industrie din motive practice \u2014 dimensiuni rezonabile ale dispozitivului, organizarea accesului, o bun\u0103 r\u0103cire. Cele 60 de discuri sunt dispuse \u00een 5 r\u00e2nduri a c\u00e2te 12 HDD fiecare. R\u00e2ndurile par\u021bial umplute sau num\u0103rul insuficient de discuri \u00een JBOD (de exemplu, doar un r\u00e2nd) duc la o slab\u0103 dispersie a c\u0103ldurii sau chiar la inversarea fluxului de aer \u00een canalul central \u2014 o caracteristic\u0103 de design a Ultastar Data60, tr\u0103s\u0103tura sa distinctiv\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen JBOD-urile sale, WD utilizeaz\u0103 tehnologia de r\u0103cire a discurilor ArcticFlow, modelat\u0103 cu grij\u0103 \u0219i testat\u0103. Totul pentru HDD \u2014 pentru performan\u021ba, longevitatea \u0219i integritatea datelor lor.<\/p>\n

Esenta ArcticFlow const\u0103 \u00een formarea, cu ajutorul ventilatoarelor, a dou\u0103 fluxuri de aer independente: frontalul r\u0103ce\u0219te r\u00e2ndurile din fa\u021b\u0103 ale unit\u0103\u021bilor, iar aerul care p\u0103trunde prin coridorul intern ajut\u0103 la r\u0103cirea discurilor din zona din spate a JBOD-ului.<\/p>\n

Este clar de ce este necesar s\u0103 monitoriz\u0103m umplerea sloturilor libere pentru a asigura func\u021bionarea eficient\u0103 a ArcticFlow. \u00cen configura\u021bia minim\u0103 de 24 de discuri, aranjarea \u00een Ultastar Data60 ar trebui s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 din zona din spate.<\/p>\n

\"Stocare<\/p>\n

\n\u00centr-o configura\u021bie cu 12 unit\u0103\u021bi de stocare, f\u0103r\u0103 a \u00eent\u00e2mpina rezisten\u021ba pe care ar trebui s\u0103 o creeze aranjarea pe dou\u0103 r\u00e2nduri, fluxul de aer care iese din JBOD intr\u0103 din nou prin zona frontal\u0103 \u00een sistemul de r\u0103cire.
\n\"Stocare
\nExist\u0103 o modalitate de a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi situa\u021bia \u2014 despre aceasta urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 discut\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Despre hibride<\/h2>\n

\nTrebuie s\u0103 accept\u0103m \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceput ca o axioma c\u0103 scopul JBOD-ului este stocarea scalabil\u0103 a datelor. Din acest motiv, concluzia este: utiliz\u0103m-l pentru popularea dispozitivelor omogene. Cu scopul de a ajunge \u00een timp la volumul de stocare planificat, umpl\u00e2nd toate sloturile.<\/p>\n

Dar ce zici de SSD-uri? Cea mai bun\u0103 (\u0219i corect\u0103) solu\u021bie este s\u0103 construie\u0219ti un depozit de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 pe JBOF. Acestea se comport\u0103 mai bine. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, Ultastar Data60 permite instalarea \u0219i unit\u0103\u021bilor flash. \u00cenainte de a \u00eencepe hibridizarea JBOD-ului, este bine s\u0103 c\u00e2nt\u0103rim toate \u201epro\u201d \u2014 s\u0103 select\u0103m SSD-uri din lista celor compatibile (spre deosebire de HDD-uri, situa\u021bia cu suportul SSD-urilor are multe nuan\u021be). Va trebui, de asemenea, s\u0103 cheltuim pe montarea discurilor de 2,5 inci \u00een sloturile de 3,5 inci. <\/p>\n

Unit\u0103\u021bile singulare SSD trebuie s\u0103 fie plasate \u00een zona din spate a JBOD-ului, \u00eenchiz\u00e2nd sloturile neutilizate cu mufe speciale \u2014 Drive Blanks. Acest lucru blocheaz\u0103 fluxul liber de aer de r\u0103cire pentru a preveni recircularea acestuia, dup\u0103 cum s-a men\u021bionat anterior.
\n\"Stocare
\nSe permite instalarea a maximum 24 de unit\u0103\u021bi SSD \u00een \u0219asiul Ultastar Data60. \u00cen orice caz, acestea trebuie s\u0103 fie ultimele r\u00e2nduri din zona din spate.
\n\"Stocare
\nDe ce 24? Generarea de c\u0103ldur\u0103 a unit\u0103\u021bilor SSD este mai mare dec\u00e2t caracteristicile similare ale HDD-urilor, din aceast\u0103 cauz\u0103, aranjarea multi-r\u00e2nd cu discuri de naturi diferite nu va fi eficient r\u0103cit\u0103 de ArcticFlow. \u0218i disiparea c\u0103ldurii va deveni un factor de risc pentru operarea JBOD-ului.<\/p>\n

Este relevant de men\u021bionat c\u0103, folosind Drive Blanks, se poate reduce efectul recircul\u0103rii aerului cald. Aranjamentul JBOD cu 12 HDD-uri va fi r\u0103cit mai bine dac\u0103 sloturile goale sunt \u00eenchise cu mufe. Produc\u0103torul nu a men\u021bionat nimic despre acest truc, dar dreptul la experimentare ne apar\u021bine. Apropo, WD nu interzice umplerea cu 12 discuri, de\u0219i nu o recomand\u0103.<\/p>\n

Concluzii practice<\/h2>\n

\nChiar \u0219i o cunoa\u0219tere superficial\u0103 a aerodinamicii JBOD ofer\u0103 o idee despre faptul c\u0103, pentru o func\u021bionare fiabil\u0103 a stoc\u0103rii, este mai bine s\u0103 ne baz\u0103m pe experien\u021ba \u0219i recomand\u0103rile dezvoltatorului. Procesele ce au loc \u00een interiorul unit\u0103\u021bii de disc necesit\u0103 cercet\u0103ri fundamentale. Neglijarea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor acumulate poate duce la probleme, care, la volume de stocare de sute de terabai\u021bi, sunt sensibile \u00een toate privin\u021bele.<\/p>\n

Se \u0219tie cum sunt redactate reglement\u0103rile militare. Ceva similar se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u0219i cu arhitectura JBOD. Dac\u0103 solu\u021biile din trecut au avut probleme cu o configura\u021bie \u00een care partea de interfa\u021b\u0103 se afla \u00een zona de \u00abexhaust\u00bb, expus\u0103 aerului cald, ast\u0103zi Ultastar Data60 nu mai are aceast\u0103 deficien\u021b\u0103. Toate celelalte inova\u021bii de design sunt pur \u0219i simplu o minune tehnologic\u0103. A\u0219a trebuie s\u0103 ne raport\u0103m la acestea.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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