{"id":32209,"date":"2019-10-31T21:45:40","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:45:40","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:45:40","slug":"10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh","title":{"rendered":"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Era 2013. Am venit s\u0103 lucrez \u00eentr-una dintre companiile de dezvoltare care creeaz\u0103 software pentru utilizatori individuali. Mi s-au spus multe, dar cel mai pu\u021bin m\u0103 a\u0219teptam s\u0103 v\u0103d ce am v\u0103zut: 32 de ma\u0219ini virtuale nefolosite pe un VDS \u00eenchiriat, care era atunci exagerat de scump, trei licen\u021be \u201elibere\u201d de Photoshop, 2 Corel, capacitate de IP telefonie pl\u0103tit\u0103 \u0219i neutilizat\u0103 \u0219i alte detalii minore. \u00cen prima lun\u0103 am economisit 230 de mii de ruble din infrastructur\u0103, \u00een a doua aproape 150 de mii, apoi eroii s-au terminat, au \u00eenceput optimiz\u0103rile \u0219i \u00een cele din urm\u0103 am economisit o jum\u0103tate de milion \u00een \u0219ase luni.<\/p>\n<p>Experien\u021ba ne-a inspirat \u0219i am \u00eenceput s\u0103 c\u0103ut\u0103m modalit\u0103\u021bi noi de economisire. Acum lucrez \u00eentr-un alt loc (ghici\u021bi unde), a\u0219a c\u0103 pot s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc f\u0103r\u0103 remu\u0219c\u0103ri experien\u021ba mea cu lumea. \u0218i voi \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219i\u021bi, hai s\u0103 facem infrastructura IT mai ieftin\u0103 \u0219i mai eficient\u0103! <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/448926\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/c44c59082dda557becbab13cc18c6c9d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>\u201eA\u021bi t\u0103iat ultimele resurse cu cheltuielile dvs. pentru servere, licen\u021be, active IT \u0219i outsourcing\u201d, se pl\u00e2ngea directorul financiar \u0219i cerea planificare \u0219i bugetare.<\/i><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>1. Fi\u021bi plictisitori \u2014 planifica\u021bi \u0219i bugeta\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>\nPlanificarea bugetului pentru mediu IT al companiei dumneavoastr\u0103 este o treab\u0103 plictisitoare, iar aprobarea \u2014 uneori chiar periculoas\u0103. Dar faptul c\u0103 ave\u021bi un buget v\u0103 protejeaz\u0103 practic garantat de:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>t\u0103ierea cheltuielilor de dezvoltare a parcului de echipamente \u0219i software (de\u0219i exist\u0103 optimiz\u0103ri trimestriale, dar acolo pute\u021bi ap\u0103ra pozi\u021bia dumneavoastr\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>nemul\u021bumirea directorului financiar sau a contabilit\u0103\u021bii \u00een momentul achizi\u021biei sau \u00eenchirierii unui nou element de infrastructur\u0103<\/li>\n<li>m\u00e2nia \u0219efului din cauza cheltuielilor neprev\u0103zute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nBugetul trebuie \u00eentocmit nu doar \u00een companii mari \u2014 ci \u00een orice fel de companie. Aduna\u021bi cerin\u021bele de software \u0219i hardware de la toate departamentele, calcula\u021bi puterea necesar\u0103, lua\u021bi \u00een considerare dinamica schimb\u0103rii num\u0103rului de angaja\u021bi (de exemplu, ave\u021bi un call-center sau suport care cresc \u00een sezonul de v\u00e2rf \u0219i se reduc \u00een perioadele calme), fundamenta\u021bi cheltuielile \u0219i dezvolta\u021bi un plan bugetar pe perioade (ideal \u2014 pe luni). Astfel, ve\u021bi \u0219ti exact c\u00e2t de mul\u021bi bani ve\u021bi primi pentru sarcinile care consum\u0103 resurse \u0219i ve\u021bi optimiza cheltuielile. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/9910d2f9a572d52f6eff0b7607ffbfb0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>2. Folosi\u021bi bugetul corect<\/h2>\n<p>\nDup\u0103 ce bugetul este aprobat \u0219i semnat, apare o tenta\u021bie uria\u0219\u0103 de a redistribui cheltuielile \u0219i, de exemplu, de a investi \u00eentregul buget \u00eentr-un server costisitor pe care s\u0103 pute\u021bi dezvolta tot DevOps-ul cu monitorizare \u0219i gateway-uri \ud83d\ude42. \u00cen acest caz, s-ar putea s\u0103 v\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi \u00een mijlocul unei insuficien\u021be de resurse pentru celelalte sarcini \u0219i s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219i\u021bi bugetul. Prin urmare, orienta\u021bi-v\u0103 exclusiv pe nevoile reale \u0219i pe sarcinile de afaceri pentru care sunt necesare resurse computa\u021bionale. <\/p>\n<h2>3. Moderniza\u021bi serverele la timp<\/h2>\n<p>\nServerele hardware, la fel ca cele virtuale, dep\u0103\u0219ite nu aduc organiza\u021biei niciun beneficiu - ele ridic\u0103 \u00eentreb\u0103ri \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te securitatea, viteza \u0219i inteligen\u021ba. Cheltui\u021bi mai mult timp, efort \u0219i bani pe compensarea func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii lips\u0103, rezolvarea problemelor de securitate \u0219i pe ni\u0219te solu\u021bii temporare pentru accelerare. A\u0219adar, actualiza\u021bi-v\u0103 resursele hardware \u0219i virtuale - de exemplu, pute\u021bi face acest lucru chiar acum, profit\u00e2nd de oferta noastr\u0103. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/turbo_vps\">\u201eTurbo VPS\u201d<\/a><\/noindex>, pre\u021burile nu sunt ru\u0219inoase de ar\u0103tat pe Habr. <\/p>\n<p>Apropo, nu o dat\u0103 m-am confruntat cu situa\u021bii \u00een care un server hardware \u00een birou era o solu\u021bie complet nejustificat\u0103: majoritatea companiilor mici \u0219i mijlocii pot rezolva toate sarcinile pe resurse virtuale \u0219i economisi foarte mul\u021bi bani.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/63373f6edc11b4b673a957eba74591fc.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>4. Optimiza\u021bi activitatea utilizatorilor obi\u0219nui\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00cenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi to\u021bi utilizatorii s\u0103 economiseasc\u0103 energie \u0219i s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 infrastructura cu grij\u0103. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva exemple de consum excesiv tipic pe partea utilizatorului:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Instalarea programelor aplica\u021bie inutile pe principiul \u201epentru \u00eentreaga echip\u0103\u201d - utilizatorii cer s\u0103 instaleze software ca \u0219i vecinul, pentru c\u0103 a\u0219a trebuie sau se formeaz\u0103 pur \u0219i simplu un cerere de genul \u201e7 licen\u021be Photoshop pentru echipa de design\u201d. \u00cen realitate, \u00een echipa de design, cu Photoshop lucreaz\u0103 patru persoane, iar ceilal\u021bi trei - front-end dezvoltatori, \u00eel folosesc o dat\u0103 la \u0219ase luni. \u00cen acest caz, ar fi mai bine s\u0103 achizi\u021biona\u021bi 4 licen\u021be, iar 1-2 sarcini pe an s\u0103 le rezolva\u021bi cu ajutorul colegilor. Dar aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103, de obicei, cu software-ul de birou (\u00een special, pachetul MS Office, care este necesar tuturor \u00eentr-un volum complet). De fapt, maioria angaja\u021bilor ar putea s\u0103 se descurce cu editore open source sau cu practicile Google Docs. <\/li>\n<li>Utilizatorii ocup\u0103 resurse virtuale \u0219i consum\u0103 sistematic toat\u0103 puterea \u00eenchiriat\u0103 \u2014 de exemplu, testerii ador\u0103 s\u0103 creeze ma\u0219ini virtuale supra\u00eenc\u0103rcate \u0219i uit\u0103 s\u0103 le opreasc\u0103, iar dezvoltatorii nu se sfiesc de acest lucru. Re\u021beta este simpl\u0103: c\u00e2nd pleca\u021bi, opri\u021bi tot \ud83d\ude42<\/li>\n<li>Utilizatorii folosesc serverele companiei ca un depozit global de fi\u0219iere: \u00eencarc\u0103 fotografii (\u00een RAW), videoclipuri, posteaz\u0103 gigabyte de muzic\u0103, iar cei mai \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021bi pot chiar s\u0103 creeze un mic server de jocuri pe resursele de lucru (acestea au fost criticate pe portalul corporativ \u00eentr-o form\u0103 umoristic\u0103 \u2014 a func\u021bionat foarte bine).<\/li>\n<li>Angaja\u021bii costisitori din toate punctele de vedere aduc la lucru software piratat, iar rezultatul sunt amenzi, probleme cu poli\u021bia \u0219i furnizorii. Lucra\u021bi cu accesurile \u0219i politicile, pentru c\u0103 oricum vor aduce, chiar dac\u0103 le ve\u021bi \u021bine discursuri emo\u021bionante \u00een cantina corporativ\u0103 \u0219i ve\u021bi scrie postere motiva\u021bionale. <\/li>\n<li>Utilizatorii cred c\u0103 au dreptul s\u0103 cear\u0103 orice instrument le este convenabil. Astfel, \u00een arsenalul meu erau \u00eenchiriate Trello, Asana, Wrike, Basecamp \u0219i Bitrix24. Fiecare manager de proiect a ales un produs convenabil sau obi\u0219nuit pentru departamentul s\u0103u. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, am avut 5 solu\u021bii de suport, 5 pre\u021buri diferite, 5 facturi, 5 pie\u021be diferite \u0219i diverse personaliz\u0103ri etc. Nicio integrare, unificare sau automatizare de-a lungul procesului \u2014 o durere de cap cerebral\u0103 total\u0103. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu directorul general, am \u00eenchis afacerea, am ales Asana, am ajutat la migrarea datelor, am instruit colegii dificili \u0219i am economisit bine, inclusiv efort \u0219i nervi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u00cen general, discuta\u021bi cu utilizatorii, instruindu-i, face\u021bi educa\u021bie \u0219i c\u0103uta\u021bi s\u0103 le u\u0219ura\u021bi lor \u0219i vou\u0103 munca. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, le ve\u021bi fi recunosc\u0103tori pentru ordinea \u00een afaceri, iar conducerea pentru economisirea cheltuielilor. \u0218i probabil a\u021bi observat, dragi profesioni\u0219ti ai Habr, c\u0103 solu\u021bia problemelor enumerate nu este altceva dec\u00e2t formarea unei securit\u0103\u021bi informa\u021bionale corporative. Pentru acest lucru, un mare mul\u021bumesc administratorului de sistem (nu te po\u021bi mul\u021bumi singur\u2026).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/b69d186b2be480d39634e6626024de7a.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>5. Combina\u021bi solu\u021bii cloud \u0219i desktop<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00cen general, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 lucrez pentru un furnizor de hosting \u0219i la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul articolului sunt dornic s\u0103 v\u0103 vorbesc despre o v\u00e2nzare grozav\u0103 de resurse server pentru companii de orice dimensiune, ar trebui s\u0103 flutur un steag \u0219i s\u0103 strig \u201eTo\u021bi la cloud!\u201d Dar astfel a\u0219 gre\u0219i fa\u021b\u0103 de calificarea mea ingineresc\u0103 \u0219i a\u0219 p\u0103rea un marketer. De aceea, v\u0103 \u00eendemn s\u0103 aborda\u021bi lucrurile cu ra\u021biune \u0219i s\u0103 combina\u021bi solu\u021bii cloud cu cele desktop. De exemplu, pute\u021bi \u00eenchiria ca serviciu (SaaS) un sistem CRM cloud, care conform bro\u0219urii cost\u0103 1000 RON pe utilizator pe lun\u0103 \u2014 un pre\u021b foarte mic (nu voi discuta despre implementare, pe Habr a fost deja discutat). A\u0219adar, pentru trei ani la 10 angaja\u021bi ve\u021bi cheltui 360.000 RON, pentru 4 \u2014 480.000, pentru 5 \u2014 600.000 \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, pute\u021bi implementa un CRM desktop, achit\u00e2nd licen\u021be competitive (+100 la economii) aproximativ 250.000 RON \u0219i gestion\u00e2ndu-l ca pe Photoshop. Uneori, beneficiile pe o perioad\u0103 de 2-5 ani sunt cu adev\u0103rat impresionante. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/6811c336422c639046c65d521d2ecb42.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Dimpotriv\u0103, frecvent, tehnologiile cloud v\u0103 permit s\u0103 economisi\u021bi pe echipamente, salariile inginerilor, problemele de protec\u021bie a datelor (dar s\u0103 nu economisi\u021bi deloc pe acestea!), scalabilitate. Solu\u021biile cloud se conecteaz\u0103 \u0219i se deconecteaz\u0103 u\u0219or, cheltuielile pentru cloud nu se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een cheltuielile de capital ale companiei \u2014 \u00een general, avantajele sunt foarte multe. Alege\u021bi solu\u021bii cloud atunci c\u00e2nd este justificat din perspectiva scalabilit\u0103\u021bii, rapidit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i flexibilit\u0103\u021bii. <\/p>\n<p>Calcula\u021bi, combina\u021bi \u0219i alege\u021bi combina\u021bii c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103toare \u2014 nu v\u0103 voi oferi o re\u021bet\u0103 universal\u0103, acestea sunt specifice fiec\u0103rei afaceri: unii renun\u021b\u0103 complet la cloud, al\u021bii \u00ee\u0219i construiesc \u00eentreaga afacere \u00een cloud. Apropo, niciodat\u0103 s\u0103 nu renun\u021ba\u021bi la actualiz\u0103rile software (chiar \u0219i cele pl\u0103tite) \u2014 \u00een general, dezvoltatorii de software aplica\u021bii pentru afaceri lanseaz\u0103 versiuni mai stabile \u0219i mai func\u021bionale.<\/p>\n<p>\u0218i o alt\u0103 regul\u0103 pentru software: sc\u0103pa\u021bi de software-ul vechi care aduce mai pu\u021bin dec\u00e2t consum\u0103 pentru \u00eentre\u021binere \u0219i suport. Pe pia\u021b\u0103 cu siguran\u021b\u0103 exist\u0103 un analog.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Evita\u021bi duplicarea software-ului<\/h2>\n<p>\nAm vorbit deja despre cinci sisteme de gestionare a proiectelor \u00een gr\u0103dina mea IT, dar vreau s\u0103 scot un punct aparte. Dac\u0103 a\u021bi renun\u021bat la un software specific \u0219i a\u021bi ales unul nou, nu uita\u021bi s\u0103 opri\u021bi pl\u0103\u021bile pentru cel vechi. Dac\u0103 a\u021bi g\u0103sit noi servicii de g\u0103zduire, rezilia\u021bi contractul cu vechiul furnizor, cu excep\u021bia cazului \u00een care exist\u0103 motive \u00eentemeiate. Monitoriza\u021bi utilizarea software-ului de c\u0103tre angaja\u021bi \u0219i sc\u0103pa\u021bi de programele neutilizate \u0219i redundante.<\/p>\n<p>Ideal ar fi s\u0103 ave\u021bi un sistem de monitorizare \u0219i analiz\u0103 a software-ului instalat, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 pute\u021bi observa automat dubl\u0103rile \u0219i problemele. Lucrul de acest tip ajut\u0103 compania s\u0103 evite redundan\u021ba \u0219i repetarea datelor \u2014 uneori, g\u0103sirea persoanei care a gre\u0219it consum\u0103 prea mult timp.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 moduri de a economisi pe infrastructura IT pentru to\u021bi\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/94b86dd9009c2a40d446e9e00d0e7415.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>7. Revizui\u021bi infrastructura aplicativ\u0103 \u0219i perifericele <\/h2>\n<p>\nCine mai \u021bine eviden\u021ba acestor consumabile: cartu\u0219e, stick-uri USB, h\u00e2rtie, alimentatoare, UPS-uri, imprimante \u0219i alte discuri? \u0218i este gre\u0219it s\u0103 nu o face\u021bi. \u00cencepe\u021bi cu h\u00e2rtia \u0219i imprimantele \u2014 analiza\u021bi profilurile de imprimare \u0219i crea\u021bi o re\u021bea de imprimante sau multifunc\u021bionale cu acces public. Ve\u021bi fi surprins de c\u00e2te h\u00e2rtie \u0219i cartu\u0219e ve\u021bi economisi \u0219i c\u00e2t de mult se va reduce costul imprim\u0103rii unei pagini. \u0218i nu, nu este vorba de zg\u00e2rcenie, este vorba de optimizarea unui proces important. Nimeni nu interzice imprimarea referatelor \u0219i lucr\u0103rilor la birou, dar a imprima c\u0103r\u021bi pe care este p\u0103cat s\u0103 le cump\u0103ra\u021bi sau pe care nu vre\u021bi s\u0103 le citi\u021bi de pe ecran este prea mult. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen continuare, ave\u021bi \u00eentotdeauna un stoc de consumabile pe care le achizi\u021biona\u021bi de la furnizori cu discount, pentru a nu fi nevoie s\u0103 le cump\u0103ra\u021bi cu pre\u021buri umflate din cel mai apropiat magazin de tehnologie \u00een caz de probleme cu echipamentele. Monitoriza\u021bi amortizarea \u0219i uzura, \u021bine\u021bi eviden\u021ba \u0219i forma\u021bi un fond de \u00eenlocuire \u2014 apropo, este bine s\u0103 ave\u021bi \u0219i un fond de \u00eenlocuire pentru echipamentele de birou de baz\u0103. Pur \u0219i simplu pentru c\u0103 nu ve\u021bi fi l\u0103uda\u021bi pentru timpii mor\u021bi la munc\u0103, aceasta este tot o pierdere de bani, \u00een special \u00een companiile comerciale \u0219i de servicii.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te infrastructura aplicativ\u0103, exist\u0103 dou\u0103 categorii principale de costuri: internetul \u0219i comunica\u021biile. Atunci c\u00e2nd alege\u021bi un furnizor, verifica\u021bi ofertele de pachete, citi\u021bi notele de subsol ale tarifelor, acorda\u021bi aten\u021bie calit\u0103\u021bii conexiunii \u0219i SLA-urilor. Unii administratori decid s\u0103 nu se complice \u0219i cump\u0103r\u0103, de exemplu, telefonie IP \u00eentr-un pachet cu un sistem virtual de central\u0103 telefonic\u0103 pl\u0103tit, pentru care se pl\u0103te\u0219te, de asemenea, o subscriere lunar\u0103. Nu fi\u021bi len\u021bi, cump\u0103ra\u021bi doar trafic \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi s\u0103 lucra\u021bi cu Asterisk - este cea mai bun\u0103 solu\u021bie realizat\u0103 \u00een domeniul sistemelor de central\u0103 telefonic\u0103 \u0219i o op\u021biune aproape f\u0103r\u0103 probleme pentru sarcinile de afaceri ale micilor \u0219i medii \u00eentreprinderi (dac\u0103 ave\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bi tehnice solide).<\/p>\n<h2>8. Documenta\u021bi \u0219i crea\u021bi instruc\u021biuni pentru angaja\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>\nAceasta este o lene\u0219e, dar este necesar\u0103. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, v\u0103 va fi mai u\u0219or s\u0103 lucra\u021bi, iar \u00een al doilea r\u00e2nd, adaptarea noilor angaja\u021bi va fi f\u0103r\u0103 probleme. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, ve\u021bi \u0219ti singuri c\u0103 infrastructura dumneavoastr\u0103 este actualizat\u0103, coerent\u0103 \u0219i \u00een bun\u0103 stare. Elabora\u021bi instruc\u021biuni de securitate, manuale scurte pentru utilizatori, \u00eentreb\u0103ri frecvente, descrie\u021bi regulile \u0219i normele de utilizare a echipamentului de birou. O instruc\u021biune fizic existent\u0103 este mult mai conving\u0103toare dec\u00e2t cuvintele, la care se poate face \u00eentotdeauna referire. Astfel, pute\u021bi trimite un link c\u0103tre document pentru orice \u00eentrebare relevant\u0103 \u0219i nu ve\u021bi accepta argumentul \u201eNu am fost informat\u201d. Acest lucru v\u0103 va economisi considerabil timpul \u00een solu\u021bionarea erorilor.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Folosi\u021bi servicii de externalizare<\/h2>\n<p>\nChiar dac\u0103 \u00een compania dumneavoastr\u0103 exist\u0103 un \u00eentreg departament IT sau, dimpotriv\u0103, o infrastructur\u0103 mic\u0103, a apela la servicii de externalizare nu este o ru\u0219ine. De ce s\u0103 nu ob\u021bine\u021bi servicii de la profesioni\u0219ti de top, specializa\u021bi \u00een ceva complex, pentru bani pu\u021bini, f\u0103r\u0103 a angaja un astfel de specialist \u00een echip\u0103? Externaliza\u021bi o parte a DevOps-ului, \u00eentre\u021binerea imprim\u0103rii, administrarea unui site aglomerat, dac\u0103 ave\u021bi unul, suportul tehnic \u0219i centrul de apeluri. Valoarea dumneavoastr\u0103 nu va sc\u0103dea, dimpotriv\u0103, ve\u021bi ob\u021bine expertiz\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 \u00een domeniul colabor\u0103rii cu subcontractorii externi.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 managerul dumneavoastr\u0103 consider\u0103 c\u0103 externalizarea este scump\u0103, explica\u021bi-i doar c\u00e2t ar trebui s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 unui specialist dedicat. Func\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Nu v\u0103 implica\u021bi \u00een open source \u0219i propria dezvoltare<\/h2>\n<p>\nSunt inginer, am fost dezvoltator \u0219i cred cu t\u0103rie c\u0103 open source salveaz\u0103 lumea \u2014 ce ar fi bibliotecile, sistemele de monitorizare, sistemele de management al serverelor etc. Dar dac\u0103 compania ta decide s\u0103 cumpere un CRM, ERP, ECM open source etc. sau \u0219eful strig\u0103 la \u00eent\u00e2lnire c\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 construie\u0219ti un sistem de facturare pe genunchi, salveaz\u0103 nava, se \u00eendreapt\u0103 spre recifuri. Iat\u0103 argumentele pe care trebuie s\u0103 te bazezi \u00een fa\u021ba unui lider inspirat cu priviri arz\u0103toare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>open source este prost sus\u021binut dac\u0103 este un repository public sau foarte scump de \u00eentre\u021binut dac\u0103 este open source de la companii (SGBD-uri, pachete office etc.) \u2014 vei pl\u0103ti pur \u0219i simplu pentru fiecare \u00eentrebare, solicitare \u0219i tichet;<\/li>\n<li>un specialist intern pentru desf\u0103\u0219urarea unui produs open source intern va fi foarte scump datorit\u0103 rarit\u0103\u021bii sale;<\/li>\n<li>modific\u0103rile open source pot fi foarte limitate de cuno\u0219tin\u021be, abilit\u0103\u021bi sau chiar de licen\u021biere;<\/li>\n<li>cu open source nu vei \u00eencepe rapid \u0219i \u021bi va fi mult prea greu s\u0103-l adaptezi la procesele de afaceri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMerit\u0103 spus c\u0103 dezvoltarea proprie este o activitate foarte lung\u0103 \u0219i costisitoare? Din experien\u021ba mea, un prototip func\u021bional care s\u0103 corespund\u0103 cerin\u021belor de afaceri \u0219i s\u0103 permit\u0103 utilizatorilor s\u0103 lucreze \u00een el, dureaz\u0103 de la trei ani. \u0218i totu\u0219i, dac\u0103 ai o echip\u0103 bun\u0103 de programatori (po\u021bi verifica salariile pe \u201eCercul meu\u201d \u2014 concluziile se impun de la sine).<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219a c\u0103 voi fi banal \u0219i m\u0103 voi repet: ia \u00een considerare toate op\u021biunile.<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219adar, voi rezuma pe scurt pentru a m\u0103 asigura c\u0103 nu am uitat nimic:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ia \u00een considerare banii \u2014 compar\u0103 diferite op\u021biuni, ai \u00een vedere factorii, compar\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>str\u0103duie\u0219te-te s\u0103 reduci timpul de \u00eentre\u021binere \u0219i formare a utilizatorilor, scade riscul de \u201einterven\u021bie ne\u00eendem\u00e2natic\u0103\u201d;<\/li>\n<li>\u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 consolidezi \u0219i s\u0103 integrezi tehnologiile \u2014 o arhitectur\u0103 simpl\u0103 \u0219i o automatizare end-to-end rezolv\u0103 problemele; <\/li>\n<li>investe\u0219te \u00een dezvoltarea IT, nu tr\u0103i cu tehnologii \u00eenvechite \u2014 acestea \u00ee\u021bi vor consuma banii;<\/li>\n<li>coreleaz\u0103 cererea \u0219i consumul de resurse IT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPo\u021bi \u00eentreba \u2014 de ce s\u0103 economise\u0219ti bani altora, dac\u0103 compania pl\u0103te\u0219te? O \u00eentrebare logic\u0103! Dar abilitatea ta de a optimiza costurile \u0219i de a gestiona eficient activele IT este, \u00eenainte de toate, experien\u021ba \u0219i caracteristica ta ca profesionist. Suntem cu to\u021bii capabili s\u0103 facem o \u201edelicates\u0103\u201d din materiale accesibile \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p>\n\u00cen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/turbo_vps\/\">RUVDS pur \u0219i simplu WOW-ac\u021biune<\/a><\/noindex> ca un motiv excelent pentru actualizarea resurselor virtuale. Intra\u021bi, privi\u021bi, alege\u021bi \u2013 mai este foarte pu\u021bin p\u00e2n\u0103 pe 30 aprilie.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru ceilal\u021bi \u2013 tradi\u021bional <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub#order\">reducere<\/a><\/noindex> cu 10% folosind codul promo\u021bional habrahabr10.<br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/448926\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b 2013 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u042f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b: 32 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c VDS, \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 Photoshop, 2 Corel, \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c IP-\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438. \u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":24036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - 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