{"id":32497,"date":"2019-10-31T21:47:23","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:47:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/devopsforum-2019-vnedryat-devops-nelzya-zhdat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:47:23","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:47:23","slug":"devopsforum-2019-vnedryat-devops-nelzya-zhdat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/devopsforum-2019-vnedryat-devops-nelzya-zhdat","title":{"rendered":"DevOpsForum 2019. Implementarea DevOps nu poate fi \u00eent\u00e2rziat\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Recent am participat la DevOpsForum 2019, organizat de Logrocon. La aceast\u0103 conferin\u021b\u0103, participan\u021bii au \u00eencercat s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 solu\u021bii \u0219i instrumente noi pentru o interac\u021biune eficient\u0103 \u00eentre afaceri \u0219i speciali\u0219ti \u00een dezvoltare \u0219i servicii IT.<\/p>\n

\"DevOpsForum
\n
\nConferin\u021ba a fost un succes: au fost prezent\u0103ri cu adev\u0103rat utile, formate interesante de discursuri \u0219i o mul\u021bime de oportunit\u0103\u021bi de a interac\u021biona cu speakerii. \u0218i, cel mai important, nimeni nu a \u00eencercat s\u0103-mi v\u00e2nd\u0103 nimic, ceea ce a devenit o practic\u0103 frecvent\u0103 la conferin\u021bele mari.<\/p>\n

Un rezumat al prezent\u0103rilor de la Raiffeisen Bank, Alfa Insurance, experien\u021ba Mango Telecom \u00een implementarea automatiz\u0103rii \u0219i alte detalii \u00een continuare. <\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

M\u0103 numesc Yana, lucrez ca testeri, m\u0103 ocup cu automatizarea, precum \u0219i cu DevOps \u0219i ador s\u0103 particip la conferin\u021be \u0219i meetup-uri. \u00cen ultimii doi ani am fost la conferin\u021bele lui Oleg Bunin (HighLoad++, TeamLead Conf), la evenimentele Jug (Heisenbug, JPoint), la TestCon Moscow, DevOps Pro Moscow, Big Data Moscow. <\/p>\n

Primul lucru la care m\u0103 uit este programul conferin\u021bei. Mai pu\u021bin m\u0103 intereseaz\u0103 despre ce va fi prezentarea, dar mai mult m\u0103 concentrez pe speaker. Chiar dac\u0103 prezentarea se dovede\u0219te a fi foarte tehnic\u0103 \u0219i interesant\u0103, nu este \u00eentotdeauna garantat c\u0103 vei putea aplica unele best practices discutate \u00een compania ta. \u0218i atunci ai nevoie de speaker.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lumina de la cap\u0103tul pipeline-ului \u00een Raiffeisen Bank<\/h2>\n

\nDe obicei, \u00eemi organizez o v\u00e2n\u0103toare de speakeri interesan\u021bi \u00een culise. La DevOpsForum 2019, aten\u021bia mea a fost atras\u0103 de un prezentator de la Raiffeisen Bank \u2014 Mihail Bijan. \u00cen timpul prezent\u0103rii, el a explicat cum \u00ee\u0219i sprijin\u0103 treptat echipele \u00een adoptarea DevOps, de ce este necesar \u0219i cum s\u0103 vinzi afacerii ideea transform\u0103rii DevOps. \u0218i \u00een general, a vorbit despre cum s\u0103 vezi lumina de la cap\u0103tul pipeline-ului.<\/p>\n

\"DevOpsForum
\nMihail Bijan, director de automatizare la Raiffeisen Bank<\/i><\/p>\n

Acum, \u00een compania lor nu exist\u0103 un \u201eadev\u0103rat DevOps\u201d. Adic\u0103 este real, dar nu \u00een toate echipele. \u00cen procesul de implementare a DevOps, ei se bazeaz\u0103 pe preg\u0103tirea echipelor at\u00e2t din perspectiva inginerilor specifici, c\u00e2t \u0219i din perspectiva nevoilor produsului \u0219i maturit\u0103\u021bii platformei pe care este construit acest produs. Misha a explicat cum s\u0103 explice afacerii de ce este necesar DevOps. <\/p>\n

Sectorul bancar are mai mul\u021bi factori de cre\u0219tere: costul serviciilor \u0219i extinderea bazei de clien\u021bi. Cre\u0219terea costului serviciilor nu este un factor prea bun, \u00een timp ce cre\u0219terea bazei de clien\u021bi, dimpotriv\u0103, este foarte important\u0103. Dac\u0103 competitorii lanseaz\u0103 un produs cu adev\u0103rat atractiv, to\u021bi clien\u021bii se vor orienta c\u0103tre acel produs, dar, \u00een timp, pia\u021ba se va stabiliza. Prin urmare, lansarea de noi produse pe pia\u021b\u0103 \u0219i viteza de livrare a acestora sunt principalele priorit\u0103\u021bi pentru b\u0103nci. De aceea, DevOps este esen\u021bial, iar afacerea \u00een\u021belege acest lucru.<\/p>\n

O alt\u0103 observa\u021bie important\u0103: DevOps nu reduce \u00eentotdeauna timpul de lansare pe pia\u021b\u0103. DevOps nu poate func\u021biona singur, este doar o parte a procesului de dezvoltare \u0219i lansare a produsului pe pia\u021b\u0103, de la dezvoltare p\u00e2n\u0103 la produc\u021bie (de la cod la client). \u00cens\u0103 toate aspectele care preced codul nu au leg\u0103tur\u0103 direct\u0103 cu DevOps. Cu alte cuvinte, marketerii pot studia pia\u021ba ani de zile \u0219i totu\u0219i pot r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een urma competitorilor. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem rapid ce \u00ee\u0219i dore\u0219te clientul \u0219i s\u0103 planific\u0103m implementarea diferitelor func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi \u2014 de multe ori tocmai acest aspect lipse\u0219te pentru ca DevOps s\u0103 func\u021bioneze \u0219i compania s\u0103 ating\u0103 obiectivele. Prin urmare, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, la Raiffeisen Bank s-a convenit cu afacerea c\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021be s\u0103 utilizeze DevOps. Automatizarea doar de dragul automatiz\u0103rii nu va ajuta prea mult \u00een atragerea de noi clien\u021bi.<\/p>\n

\u00cen general, Misha consider\u0103 c\u0103 DevOps trebuie implementat, dar cu discern\u0103m\u00e2nt. Trebuie s\u0103 fim preg\u0103ti\u021bi pentru faptul c\u0103, la \u00eenceputul transform\u0103rii, echipa va avea o sc\u0103dere a productivit\u0103\u021bii, va c\u00e2\u0219tiga mai pu\u021bini bani, dar ulterior aceast\u0103 abordare \u00ee\u0219i va dovedi valoarea.<\/p>\n

Automatizarea test\u0103rii la 'Mango Telecom'<\/h2>\n

\nO alt\u0103 prezentare interesant\u0103 pentru mine ca tester a fost sus\u021binut\u0103 de Egor Maslov de la \u201eMango Telecom\u201d. Prezentarea s-a intitulat \u201eAutomatizarea ciclului complet de testare \u00een echipa SCRUM\u201d. Egor consider\u0103 c\u0103 DevOps a fost creat special pentru SCRUM, dar totodat\u0103 implementarea DevOps \u00een echipa SCRUM este destul de problematice. Acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 deoarece echipa SCRUM este mereu \u00een mi\u0219care, neav\u00e2nd timp s\u0103 se preocupe de inova\u021bii \u0219i s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i reproiecteze procesul. Problema const\u0103, de asemenea, \u00een faptul c\u0103 SCRUM nu preconizeaz\u0103 formarea de sub-echipe (echipa testerilor, echipa dezvoltatorilor etc.). \u0218i, pe deasupra, pentru automatizarea procesului existent este necesar\u0103 documenta\u021bia, iar \u00een SCRUM de multe ori documenta\u021bia este complet absent\u0103 \u2014 \u201eprodusul este mai important dec\u00e2t orice documenta\u021bie\u201d.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 trecerea la SCRUM, testerii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se consulte cu dezvoltatorii despre cum s\u0103 testeze func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile. \u00cen timp, volumul func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bilor a crescut, documenta\u021bia era inexistent\u0103 \u0219i au \u00eenceput s\u0103 detecteze multe bug-uri \u00een acea func\u021bionalitate care nu avea acoperire de teste \u0219i nu era clar cine \u0219i c\u00e2nd a testat-o. Pe scurt \u2014 haos. S-au decis s\u0103 treac\u0103 la automatizarea test\u0103rii. Dar chiar \u0219i atunci a avut loc un e\u0219ec total. Au angajat speciali\u0219ti outsource pentru automatizare, care foloseau un stack necunoscut testerilor permanen\u021bi. Framework-ul pentru teste automate func\u021biona, dar dup\u0103 plecarea outsourcing-ului, a rezistat doar dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. A urmat o \u00eencercare de a introduce a doua rund\u0103 de testare automat\u0103. Aceasta a \u00eenceput prin stabilirea c\u0103 totul trebuie s\u0103 fie construit \u00een interiorul companiei, cu for\u021be proprii (direc\u021bia corect\u0103: s\u0103 dezvol\u021bi expertiza intern), \u00een cadrul SCRUM, \u0219i pe parcurs s\u0103 se creeze documenta\u021bia. Stack-ul pentru automatizare trebuie s\u0103 fie acela\u0219i cu cel al produsului (aici cu adev\u0103rat sunt de acord, nu testa\u021bi un proiect pe JavaScript cu altceva). La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul sprintului, organizau o demonstra\u021bie a modului \u00een care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 testele automate, cu participarea \u00eentregii echipe (util). Astfel, se cre\u0219tea implicarea \u00een procesul de automatizare a tuturor membrilor echipei, precum \u0219i \u00eencrederea \u00een testele automate \u0219i \u0219ansa ca acest test automat s\u0103 fie folosit (\u0219i nu comentat dup\u0103 o lun\u0103 din cauza e\u0219ecurilor constante).<\/p>\n

De fapt, la DevOpsForum 2019 a existat un microfon deschis - un format cunoscut de mult timp \u0219i, din punctul meu de vedere, util pentru prezent\u0103ri. Te plimbi, ascul\u021bi prezent\u0103rile, iar apoi decizi c\u0103 \u00een cadrul conferin\u021bei merit\u0103 s\u0103 discu\u021bi o anumit\u0103 tem\u0103 sau problem\u0103, s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219ti experien\u021ba relevant\u0103 de solu\u021bionare a unei sarcini.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, am observat c\u0103 organizatorii au creat un flux de prezent\u0103ri scurte. Fiecare prezentare dureaz\u0103 maximum 10 minute, apoi urmeaz\u0103 \u00eentreb\u0103rile. Astfel, se pot aborda multe subiecte \u0219i se pot pune \u00eentreb\u0103ri vorbitorilor care te-au interesat.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"DevOpsForum
\n\"DevOpsForum
\n\u00centre prezent\u0103ri, m-am plimbat printre standurile partenerilor conferin\u021bei \u0219i am c\u00e2\u0219tigat\/enat multe lucruri interesante. Oh, \u00eemi plac materialele promo\u021bionale!<\/i><\/p>\n

Mas\u0103 rotund\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentreb\u0103ri DevOps cu directorul de dezvoltare la Alfastrahovanie.<\/h2>\n

\nCirea\u0219a de pe tortul DevOpsForum 2019 pentru mine a fost sesiunea plenar\u0103 de o or\u0103 cu exper\u021bi DevOps. Au fost invita\u021bi patru participan\u021bi la sesiune, care trebuiau s\u0103 priveasc\u0103 DevOps din perspective diferite: Anton Isanin (Alfastrahovanie, director de dezvoltare), Nailya Zamashkina (Fintech Lab, director opera\u021bional), Oleg Egorkin (Rostelecom, Agile coach) \u0219i Anton Martyanov (expert independent, care a privit DevOps din perspectiva afacerii). <\/p>\n

Exper\u021bii s-au a\u0219ezat mai aproape de public \u0219i a \u00eenceput, un \u00eentreg ceas de \u00eentreb\u0103ri din sal\u0103, iar exper\u021bii au f\u0103cut fa\u021b\u0103 provoc\u0103rilor. Uneori au avut loc adev\u0103rate dezbateri. \u00centreb\u0103rile au fost dintre cele mai diverse, de exemplu: sunt necesari inginerii DevOps, de ce nu-i putem cre\u0219te din administratori de sistem, trebuie s\u0103 oferim DevOps tuturor, care este valoarea sa \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe.<\/p>\n

Apoi, am discutat personal cu Anton Isanin. Am discutat despre necesitatea de a aduce cultura DevOps \u00een fiecare cas\u0103 \u0219i am dezv\u0103luit latura \u00eentunecat\u0103 a transform\u0103rii DevOps.<\/p>\n

S\u0103 ne imagin\u0103m c\u0103 toat\u0103 lumea s-a adunat \u0219i a decis c\u0103 DevOps este necesar at\u00e2t pentru produs, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru afacere \u0219i echip\u0103. S-a dat start implement\u0103rii. Totul a mers bine. Am respirat u\u0219ura\u021bi. DevOps ne-a adus mai aproape de client, acum putem \u00eendeplini rapid toate cerin\u021bele sale. \u00cen final, avem o mare divizie Ops cu reglement\u0103ri \u0219i cerin\u021be stricte, care continu\u0103 s\u0103 introduc\u0103 defecte \u00een produs, gener\u00e2nd o mul\u021bime de cereri. \u0218i toate defectele sunt marcate ca \u201eurgente\u201d, chiar dac\u0103 clientului i-a venit brusc ideea s\u0103 schimbe culoarea butonului din verde \u00een galben. Proiectul cre\u0219te, cre\u0219te num\u0103rul de lans\u0103ri \u0219i, \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103, \u0219i num\u0103rul de defecte \u0219i ne\u00een\u021belegeri legate de noua func\u021bionalitate a clien\u021bilor. Ops angajeaz\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 10 oameni pentru a putea raporta defectele, iar dezvoltarea angajeaz\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 15 pentru a le putea \u00eenchide. \u0218i \u00een loc s\u0103 implementeze noi func\u021bii, echipa lucreaz\u0103 cu SD-uri infinite, explic\u00e2nd func\u021bionalitatea utilizatorului \u0219i, de asemenea, suportului. \u00cen final, at\u00e2t Ops, c\u00e2t \u0219i dezvoltarea sunt ocupate, dar clientul \u0219i afacerea sunt nemul\u021bumi\u021bi: noile func\u021bii r\u0103m\u00e2n blocate. A\u0219adar, DevOps pare c\u0103 exist\u0103, dar, \u00een acela\u0219i timp, nu exist\u0103.<\/p>\n

Privind necesitatea implement\u0103rii DevOps, Anton a afirmat clar c\u0103 aceasta depinde direct de dimensiunea afacerii. Dac\u0103 serviciul unui singur client pe an aduce companiei un miliard \u2014 DevOps nu este necesar (cu condi\u021bia s\u0103 nu fie necesar\u0103 livrarea de noi modific\u0103ri acestui client \u00een mod regulat). Totul este \u00een regul\u0103. Dar dac\u0103 afacerea cre\u0219te \u0219i apar mai mul\u021bi clien\u021bi, atunci trebuie s\u0103 ne conform\u0103m. De obicei, nu exist\u0103 un Ops puternic \u00een companie la \u00eenceput. Ini\u021bial, lucr\u0103m la produs, iar abia apoi \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103, pentru ca produsul s\u0103 func\u021bioneze, trebuie s\u0103 ne uit\u0103m la livr\u0103ri. Aici apare Ops. servers<\/a>, trebuie s\u0103 ne ocup\u0103m de livr\u0103ri. Atunci apare Ops. R\u0103m\u00e2ne de \u00een\u021beles c\u0103 Ops, ca divizie separat\u0103, va \u00eencepe s\u0103 impun\u0103 o mul\u021bime de bariere pentru dezvoltare \u0219i toate livr\u0103rile vor \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u00eencetineasc\u0103. Adic\u0103, \u00een acest caz, cultura DevOps este deja relevant\u0103, dar trebuie s\u0103 nu uit\u0103m de partea sa \u00eentunecat\u0103.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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