{"id":32750,"date":"2019-10-31T21:48:43","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-novye-tehnologii-priblizhayut-mechtu-o-bessmertii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:48:43","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:48:43","slug":"kak-novye-tehnologii-priblizhayut-mechtu-o-bessmertii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-novye-tehnologii-priblizhayut-mechtu-o-bessmertii","title":{"rendered":"Cum apropie noile tehnologii visul de nemurire?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Cum
\n
\nUn viitor nou, descris \u00een articolul anterior despre conectarea omului la Internet, conform cercet\u0103rilor mai multor speciali\u0219ti, ne a\u0219teapt\u0103 \u00een urm\u0103torii 20 de ani. Care este, \u00een general, direc\u021bia de dezvoltare a umanit\u0103\u021bii?<\/p>\n

Fluxuri financiare semnificative sunt investite \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii. Principalele surse de deteriorare a calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii \u00een general sunt diversele boli \u0219i mortalitatea. Lupta pentru solu\u021bionarea acestor probleme se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 pe \u0219apte direc\u021bii principale:<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\u2022 Criogenia.
\n\u2022 Modificarea genetic\u0103.
\n\u2022 Ciborgizarea.
\n\u2022 Digitalizarea.
\n\u2022 Nanomedicina.
\n\u2022 Inteligen\u021ba artificial\u0103.
\n\u2022 Regenerarea. Biotehnologiile.<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 aproximativ 15 direc\u021bii, iar toate acestea descriu cum se poate, \u00een mod estimativ, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2040, s\u0103 se ating\u0103 o cre\u0219tere radical\u0103 a duratei de via\u021b\u0103 umane \u0219i o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii.
\nLupta se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 simultan pe mai multe fronturi.<\/p>\n

Ce anume presupuneri putem observa deja acum?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2022 Experimentul social din China cu un rating al cet\u0103\u021benilor \u0219i supravegherea total\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>.
\n\u2022 O reducere semnificativ\u0103 a costurilor tehnologiilor pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce ne apropiem de punctul de singularitate tehnologic\u0103. Un punct \u00een care dezvoltarea ulterioar\u0103 a tehnologiilor va avea loc prin salturi \u0219i va fi imprevizibil\u0103.
\n\u2022 Dezvoltarea inteligen\u021bei artificiale, internetului obiectelor, calculului \u00een cloud \u0219i tehnologiilor care asigur\u0103 infrastructura.<\/a><\/noindex>.
\n\u2022 Modific\u0103ri legislative<\/a><\/noindex> de la crearea unei baze pentru reglementarea problemelor de prelucrare a informa\u021biilor<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00e2n\u0103 la introducerea semn\u0103turilor electronice, circula\u021bia documentelor \u0219i profilurilor digitale ale cet\u0103\u021benilor.<\/a><\/noindex>.
\n\u2022 Pa\u0219i semnificativi \u00een evolu\u021bia inteligen\u021bei artificiale \u0219i a re\u021belelor neuronale.
\nNe intereseaz\u0103 \u00een mod special direc\u021bii precum ciborgizarea, inteligen\u021ba artificial\u0103, nanomedicina, regenerarea \u0219i organele artificiale, bioinformatic\u0103 \u0219i conceptele de nemurire digital\u0103.<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 o serie de factori care ofer\u0103 motive pentru cele mai \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021be presupuneri.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, dac\u0103 analiz\u0103m obiectivele actuale ale civiliza\u021biei umane, vom \u00een\u021belege \u0219i pa\u0219ii tactici pe care \u00eei face pentru a le atinge.
\nDeja vedem primele pa\u0219i spre cibernetizare \u2014 membrele artificiale pentru persoanele cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi, complet controlate de semnalele din creier. Inimi artificiale relativ accesibile \u0219i de calitate. \u00cen cur\u00e2nd, se poate presupune apari\u021bia unor analogue biomecanice pentru toate organele interne.
\n\u00cen condi\u021biile cre\u0103rii unui sistem complet de sus\u021binere a vie\u021bii, acest lucru ofer\u0103 perspective \u0219i oportunit\u0103\u021bi interesante.
\n\u00cen cele din urm\u0103, omenirea se afl\u0103 la pragul cre\u0103rii unui corp artificial autonom.
\nUnele dificult\u0103\u021bi exist\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te sistemul nervos central.
\nApropo, acesta este planificat s\u0103 fie folosit pentru conectarea omului la re\u021beaua global\u0103 (cloud) prin intermediul nanomedicinei. \u00cen particular, se vorbe\u0219te despre crearea unui interface \u00eentre creierul uman \u0219i cloud<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 B \/ CI (Human Brain \/ Cloud Interface).
\n\u00cen acest caz, \u00eentrebarea se pune \u00een contextul experimentului mental \u201eVaporul lui Theseus\u201d, care poate fi formulat\u0103 astfel: \u201eDac\u0103 toate componentele obiectului ini\u021bial sunt \u00eenlocuite, r\u0103m\u00e2ne obiectul acela\u0219i?\u201d Cu alte cuvinte, dac\u0103 omenirea va \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba s\u0103 \u00eenlocuiasc\u0103 celulele creierului uman cu constructe artificiale echivalente, va r\u0103m\u00e2ne omul om sau va deveni o fiin\u021b\u0103 artificial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 via\u021b\u0103?
\nNeuronul sintetic este preconizat pentru anul 2030. Acesta ar permite legarea creierului de cloud chiar \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 utilizarea de nanorobo\u021bi neuronali speciali, deoarece ar simplifica semnificativ posibilitatea de a crea un interfa\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ce s-a realizat deja?<\/b><\/p>\n

Deja se planific\u0103 utilizarea inteligen\u021bei artificiale pentru diagnosticare \u00een medicin\u0103 pe baza zecilor \u0219i sutelor de mii de parametri. Acest lucru simplific\u0103 diagnosticul \u0219i ridic\u0103 medicina la un nou nivel.
\nMonitorizarea constant\u0103 a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii, pe care o observ\u0103m \u00een prezent la un nivel primitiv sub form\u0103 de br\u0103\u021b\u0103ri care urm\u0103resc parametrii biologici ai st\u0103rii actuale a organismului, deja ofer\u0103 rezultate pozitive. Conform celor mai recente date, persoanele care \u00ee\u0219i monitorizeaz\u0103 constant starea \u00een acest mod tr\u0103iesc mai mult.
\nInteligen\u021ba artificial\u0103, capabil\u0103 s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 interpreteze limbajele naturale, va putea interac\u021biona cu omul suficient de str\u00e2ns pentru un progres comun \u0219i rapid.
\nComputerul va deveni capabil s\u0103 genereze noi idei, a\u0219a cum, la un nivel primitiv, a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat deja s\u0103 creeze, de exemplu, opere muzicale.<\/p>\n

\u0218i ce urmeaz\u0103?<\/b><\/p>\n

Astfel, AI-ul va continua s\u0103 se \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 pe sine, ceea ce va duce inevitabil la o cre\u0219tere exponen\u021bial\u0103 a tehnologiei.
\nCrearea unui model complet al creierului uman va permite s\u0103 ridic\u0103m \u00eentrebarea despre transferul con\u0219tiin\u021bei pe un nou suport.<\/p>\n

Anumite premise pentru separarea sistemului nervos central provin \u00een primul r\u00e2nd din domeniul medical. Se raporteaz\u0103 despre experimente reu\u0219ite de transplant de cap la c\u00e2ini. C\u00e2t despre transplantul capului uman, p\u00e2n\u0103 acum experimentele se limiteaz\u0103 la conectarea complet\u0103 a \u021besuturilor, vaselor de s\u00e2nge, fibrelor nervoase \u0219i chiar a coloanei vertebrale pe un corp decedat \u00een 2017. Coada pentru transplant pentru persoanele cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi este deja suficient de lung\u0103 pentru a a\u0219tepta experimente \u00een viitorul apropiat. \u00cen special, unul dintre primii pretenden\u021bi este un cet\u0103\u021bean din China, iar urm\u0103torul este un om din Rusia.
\nAceasta va aduce \u0219tiin\u021ba mai aproape de posibilitatea transplantului de cap (original sau modificat) pe un nou corp biomecanic.<\/p>\n

Ingineria genetic\u0103 nu st\u0103 pe margine. Scopul final \u00een acest domeniu este crearea unui medicament \u00eempotriva \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii \u0219i eliminarea erorilor din codurile genetice standard. \u00cenaint\u0103rii acestui obiectiv \u00eei precede screening-ul combina\u021biilor diferitelor metode de prelungire a vie\u021bii naturale (nu cibernetizate) pe \u0219oareci, crearea de animale transgenice care nu \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nesc. O nou\u0103 teorie unic\u0103 a \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii \u0219i modelarea matematic\u0103 a acesteia ar trebui s\u0103 serveasc\u0103 drept baz\u0103 pentru aceasta.
\nLa nivelul nostru actual, aceste sarcini necesit\u0103 asigurarea de baze de date extinse, care fixeaz\u0103 leg\u0103turile \u00eentre genomic\u0103, proteomic\u0103 a \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirii \u0219i alte \u0219tiin\u021be.
\nIni\u021bial, una dintre cele mai apropiate \u0219i realizabile \u021binte este crearea unui nou tip de medicamente bazate pe selec\u021bia artificial\u0103 pentru a crea simbiote, care conduc la o durat\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 mai mare. Premisa pentru crearea lor este studiul activ al genului \u0219i a acelora p\u0103r\u021bi care r\u0103spund de longevitate.<\/p>\n

Cercet\u0103torii nu ignor\u0103 nici problema pierderilor \u00een timpul replic\u0103rii ADN-ului. Este cunoscut c\u0103, pe parcursul vie\u021bii, anumite capete ale moleculei se scurteaz\u0103, iar la v\u00e2rste \u00eenaintate, copierea are loc cu pierderi, ceea ce duce la degradarea organismului.
\n\u00cen acest stadiu, \u00eenc\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m s\u0103 diagnostic\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 evalu\u0103m factorii care influen\u021beaz\u0103 procesul de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire. O prioritate este evaluarea eficien\u021bei medicamentelor pe baza markerilor de \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nire \u0219i a duratei de via\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Vom ajunge la nemurire?<\/b><\/p>\n

Pentru cei care doresc s\u0103 supravie\u021buiasc\u0103 cumva saltului \u0219tiin\u021bific ce va permite cre\u0219terea duratei de via\u021b\u0103, \u00eenflore\u0219te nu doar \u0219tiin\u021ba stilului de via\u021b\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tos, ci \u0219i criogenica, care ar trebui, \u00een final, s\u0103 permit\u0103 conservarea corpsurilor p\u00e2n\u0103 la cerere.
\nNe afl\u0103m acum pe un segment de drum \u00een care devine crucial s\u0103 gestion\u0103m corect volumul de informa\u021bii pe care civiliza\u021bia noastr\u0103 l-a acumulat. \u00cen acest scop, suntem deja capabili s\u0103 asigur\u0103m p\u0103strarea \u0219i accesibilitatea acesteia, organizarea \u0219i infrastructura pentru interac\u021biune, fie c\u0103 sunt conturi protejate, certificate de stat sau inele optice de \u00eenalt\u0103 disponibilitate.<\/p>\n

Este evident c\u0103 evenimentele descrise sunt \u00een dezvoltare sistematic\u0103 \u0219i complet previzibile.
\nAnumite temeri sunt st\u00e2rnite de scenariile pe care cinematografia modern\u0103 le introduce \u00een con\u0219tiin\u021ba spectatorilor, ar\u0103t\u00e2nd fie revolta ma\u0219inilor, fie supunerea oamenilor \u00een fa\u021ba noilor tehnologii. Noi, la r\u00e2ndul nostru, \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219im prognoze optimiste, ne ocup\u0103m de s\u0103n\u0103tatea noastr\u0103 \u0219i ne str\u0103duim s\u0103 asigur\u0103m un nivel maxim de calitate pentru proiectele viitorului.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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