{"id":33101,"date":"2019-10-31T21:50:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sertifikatsiya-istqb-chast-1-byt-ili-ne-byt\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:50:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:45","slug":"sertifikatsiya-istqb-chast-1-byt-ili-ne-byt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/sertifikatsiya-istqb-chast-1-byt-ili-ne-byt","title":{"rendered":"Certificarea ISTQB. Partea 1: a fi sau a nu fi?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Certificarea
\nA\u0219a cum arat\u0103 ultima noastr\u0103 cercetare<\/a><\/noindex>: educa\u021bia \u0219i diplomele, spre deosebire de experien\u021b\u0103 \u0219i formatul de munc\u0103, afecteaz\u0103 aproape deloc nivelul de plat\u0103 al speciali\u0219tilor QA. Dar este asta \u00eentr-adev\u0103r cazul \u0219i atunci care este sensul ob\u021binerii certific\u0103rii ISTQB? Merit\u0103 timpul \u0219i resursele necesare pentru a o sus\u021bine? Vom \u00eencerca s\u0103 g\u0103sim r\u0103spunsuri la aceste \u00eentreb\u0103ri \u00een Prima parte<\/b> a articolului nostru despre certificarea ISTQB.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Ce este ISTQB, nivelurile de certificare ISTQB \u0219i c\u00e2t de necesar este pentru voi<\/h2>\n

\nISTQB \u2013 este o organiza\u021bie non-profit care se ocup\u0103 cu dezvoltarea domeniului test\u0103rii software-ului, fondat\u0103 de reprezentan\u021bi ai 8 \u021b\u0103ri: Austria, Danemarca, Finlanda, Germania, Suedia, Elve\u021bia, Olanda \u0219i Regatul Unit.<\/p>\n

Certificarea ISTQB Tester \u2013 este un program care permite speciali\u0219tilor s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 un certificat interna\u021bional de testare.<\/p>\n

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii decembrie 2018<\/a><\/noindex> organiza\u021bia ISTQB a desf\u0103\u0219urat peste 830.000 de examene \u0219i a emis mai mult de 605.000 de certificate, care sunt recunoscute \u00een 126 de \u021b\u0103ri din \u00eentreaga lume. <\/p>\n

Sun\u0103 grozav, nu-i a\u0219a? Totu\u0219i, c\u00e2t de necesar\u0103 este \u00een realitate certificarea? Ce avantaje ofer\u0103 de\u021binerea unui certificat speciali\u0219tilor \u00een testare \u0219i ce oportunit\u0103\u021bi le deschide?<\/p>\n

Ce ISTQB s\u0103 aleg?<\/h3>\n

\nPentru \u00eenceput, s\u0103 analiz\u0103m op\u021biunile de certificare pentru speciali\u0219tii \u00een testare. ISTQB ofer\u0103 3 niveluri de certificare \u0219i 3 direc\u021bii pentru fiecare nivel, conform matricei:
\n\"Certificarea<\/p>\n

Ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tim despre alegerea nivelurilor \u0219i direc\u021biilor:<\/h4>\n

\n1. Nivelul Foundation (F)<\/b> drept direc\u021bii Core<\/i> \u2013 baza pentru orice certificat de un nivel superior.<\/p>\n

2. Nivelul F<\/b> drept direc\u021bii Specialist<\/i> \u2013 pentru acesta este prev\u0103zut\u0103 o certificare specializat\u0103: testare a utilizabilit\u0103\u021bii, aplica\u021bii mobile, performan\u021b\u0103, acceptare, testare bazat\u0103 pe model \u0219i altele.<\/p>\n

3. Nivelul F \u0219i Advanced (AD)<\/b> drept direc\u021bii Agile <\/i>\u2013 cererea pentru certificate de acest tip a crescut cu mai mult de 20% \u00een ultimii 2 ani.<\/p>\n

4. Nivelul AD<\/b> \u2013 este prev\u0103zut\u0103 certificarea pentru\/
\n \u2014 managerii de testare;
\n \u2014 inginerii de automatizare a test\u0103rii;
\n \u2014 analistii de testare;
\n \u2014 analistii tehnici de testare;
\n \u2014 testarea securit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n

5. Nivelul Expert (EX) <\/b>\u2013 implic\u0103 certificarea \u00een domeniile managementul test\u0103rii \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea procesului de testare. <\/p>\n

\u00centre timp, c\u00e2nd alege\u021bi nivelurile de certificare pentru domeniul dorit, consulta\u021bi informa\u021biile de pe site-ul principal. ISTQB<\/a><\/noindex>, deoarece pe site-urile furnizorilor pot exista inexactit\u0103\u021bi \u00een descriere.
\n\"Certificarea<\/p>\n

S\u0103 discut\u0103m despre avantajele<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Din perspectiva unui specialist QA, certificarea reprezint\u0103:<\/h4>\n

\n1.<\/b> \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd confirmarea calific\u0103rii \u0219i a competen\u021bei profesionale<\/b> de c\u0103tre exper\u021bi interna\u021bionali \u00een domeniul test\u0103rii, ceea ce, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, deschide accesul c\u0103tre noi pie\u021be ale muncii. La nivel interna\u021bional, certificatul este recunoscut \u00een 126 de \u021b\u0103ri - un paradis pentru munca de la distan\u021b\u0103 sau un pas c\u0103tre mutare.<\/p>\n

2. Cre\u0219terea competitivit\u0103\u021bii pe pia\u021ba muncii:<\/b> de\u0219i majoritatea angajatorilor nu cer certificatul ISTQB de la candida\u021bi, aproximativ 55% dintre managerii de testare noteaz\u0103 c\u0103 ar dori s\u0103 aib\u0103 100% din personalul certificat. (studiul ISTQB_Effectiveness_Survey_2016-17)<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

3. \u00cencrederea \u00een viitor.<\/b> Certificatul nu garanteaz\u0103 un salariu ridicat la angajare sau o promovare automat\u0103, dar este un fel de \u201esum\u0103 nesitenta\u201d sub care munca dumneavoastr\u0103 nu va fi apreciat\u0103.<\/p>\n

4. Extinderea \u0219i sistematizarea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u00een domeniul QA.<\/b> Certificarea este o modalitate excelent\u0103 pentru un specialist QA de a-\u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi \u0219i \u00eembog\u0103\u021bi cuno\u0219tin\u021bele \u00een testare. \u0218i dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi un tester experimentat, ve\u021bi actualiza \u0219i sistematiza cuno\u0219tin\u021bele \u00een domeniul respectiv, inclusiv prin standardele \u0219i metodologiile interna\u021bionale din industrie.<\/p>\n

Din perspectiva companiei, certificarea reprezint\u0103:<\/h4>\n

\n1. Un avantaj competitiv suplimentar pe pia\u021b\u0103:<\/b> companiile cu personal certificat ofer\u0103 mult mai rar servicii de consultan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i QA de proast\u0103 calitate, ceea ce are un impact pozitiv asupra reputa\u021biei \u0219i fluxului de noi comenzi.<\/p>\n

2. Un bonus \u00een participarea la licita\u021bii mari:<\/b> prezen\u021ba speciali\u0219tilor certifica\u021bi ofer\u0103 companiilor un avantaj \u00een cadrul selec\u021biei pentru licita\u021bii.<\/p>\n

3. Reducerea riscurilor:<\/b> de\u021binerea unui certificat indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 speciali\u0219tii st\u0103p\u00e2nesc metodologia test\u0103rii, iar acest lucru reduce riscurile unei analize de testare necorespunz\u0103toare \u0219i poate cre\u0219te viteza test\u0103rii prin optimizarea num\u0103rului de scenarii de testare. <\/p>\n

4. Avantaje pe pia\u021ba interna\u021bional\u0103<\/b> \u00een furnizarea de servicii de testare software destinate clien\u021bilor str\u0103ini \u0219i software-ului str\u0103in.<\/p>\n

5. Dezvoltarea competen\u021belor \u00een cadrul companiei<\/b> prin mentorat \u0219i formarea speciali\u0219tilor nerertifica\u021bi conform standardelor interna\u021bionale de testare.<\/p>\n

Pentru companii exist\u0103 \u0219i alte c\u00e2teva bonusuri \u0219i direc\u021bii interesante oferite de ISTQB:<\/p>\n

1. Premiul interna\u021bional pentru excelen\u021b\u0103 \u00een testarea software-ului ISTQB<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\n\"Certificarea
\nPremiul interna\u021bional \u00een domeniul test\u0103rii software-ului pentru realiz\u0103ri deosebite pe termen lung \u00een domeniul calit\u0103\u021bii software-ului, inova\u021bie, cercetare \u0219i promovarea profesiei de testare a software-ului. <\/p>\n

C\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103torii premiilor sunt exper\u021bi \u00een domeniul test\u0103rii \u0219i dezvolt\u0103rii, autori de studii, noi abord\u0103ri \u00een testare. <\/p>\n

2. Programul de parteneriat (Partner Program) ISTQB<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\n\"Certificarea
\nProgramul recunoa\u0219te organiza\u021biile care demonstreaz\u0103 un angajament fa\u021b\u0103 de certificarea test\u0103rii software-ului. Programul include patru niveluri de parteneriat (Argint, Aur, Platin\u0103 \u0219i Global), iar nivelul de parteneriat al organiza\u021biei este determinat de num\u0103rul de puncte de certificare acumulate (Eligibility Grid).<\/p>\n

Care sunt caracteristicile:<\/h4>\n

\n1. Inclusiunea \u00een lista organiza\u021biilor partenere de pe site-ul ISTQB.
\n2. Men\u021bionarea organiza\u021biei pe site-urile web ale Consiliului Na\u021bional al Membrilor ISTQB sau furnizorului de examene.
\n3. Privilegii \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te evenimentele \u0219i conferin\u021bele legate de ISTQB.
\n4. Dreptul de a primi o versiune beta a noii programe ISTQB Syllabi cu posibilitatea de a contribui la preg\u0103tire.
\n6. Membru onorific \u00een exclusivul \u201eForum al partenerilor ISTQB\u201d.
\n7. Recunoa\u0219terea reciproc\u0103 a certific\u0103rii ISEB \u0219i ISTQB.<\/p>\n

3. Ca organizator de evenimente \u00een domeniul QA, pute\u021bi solicita participarea \u00een ISTQB Conference Network<\/a><\/noindex><\/b><\/p>\n

La r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u ISTQB public\u0103 informa\u021bii despre conferin\u021b\u0103 pe site-ul s\u0103u oficial, iar organizatorii de evenimente care particip\u0103 \u00een Conference Network ofer\u0103 reducere:<\/b>
\n \u2014 de\u021bin\u0103torilor certificatelor ISTQB pentru participarea la eveniment<\/b>;
\n \u2014 partenerilor Partner Program<\/b>.<\/p>\n

4. Publicarea studiilor \u00een domeniul test\u0103rii \u00een volumul Academic Research Compendium ISTQ\u0412<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\n\"Certificarea
\n5. Compendiu de exemple de bune practici \u00een domeniul test\u0103rii din diferite \u021b\u0103ri ale lumii. ISTQB Academia Dossier<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>
\nEste un colec\u021bie de exemple \u0219i bune practici ale companiilor \u0219i institu\u021biilor din diferite \u021b\u0103ri, \u00een colaborare cu ISTQB. De exemplu, dezvoltarea unei noi direc\u021bii av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere tendin\u021bele de dezvoltare a test\u0103rii \u00een \u021bar\u0103 (Canada), dezvoltarea certific\u0103rii ISTQB printre studen\u021bi (Cehia).<\/p>\n

Ce p\u0103rere au speciali\u0219tii din domeniul test\u0103rii despre certificarea ISTQB?<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Opiniile speciali\u0219tilor de la \u201eLaboratorul de Calitate\u201d.<\/h3>\n

\nAngelica Pritula (certificare ISTQB CTAL-TA), specialist senior \u00een testare la compania \u201eLaboratorul de Calitate\u201d:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Ce te-a motivat s\u0103 ob\u021bii aceast\u0103 certificare?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Este o cerin\u021b\u0103 necesar\u0103 \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate pentru a fi angajat ca tester \u00eentr-o companie serioas\u0103. Atunci locuiam \u00een Noua Zeeland\u0103, am fost angajat\u0103 \u00eentr-o organiza\u021bie care produce un sistem de control al anesteziei pentru s\u0103lile de opera\u021bie. Sistemul a fost aprobat de guvernul din NZ, astfel c\u0103 era o cerin\u021b\u0103 obligatorie ca testerul s\u0103 fie certificat. Compania a pl\u0103tit pentru sus\u021binerea ambelor mele certificate. Tot ce trebuia s\u0103 fac era s\u0103 m\u0103 preg\u0103tesc \u0219i s\u0103 sus\u021bin examenul.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2013 Cum te-ai preg\u0103tit?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Am desc\u0103rcat manuale gratuite de pe site-ul oficial \u0219i m-am preg\u0103tit dup\u0103 ele. M-am preg\u0103tit timp de 3 zile pentru primul examen comun, iar pentru al doilea, avansat \u2013 2 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/p>\n

Aici trebuie s\u0103 men\u021bionez c\u0103 experien\u021ba mea nu se potrive\u0219te tuturor, deoarece eu sunt absolvent\u0103 de dezvoltare. La acel moment, lucrasem 2 ani \u00een dezvoltarea software-ului \u00eenainte de a trece la testare. \u00cen plus, am un nivel de englez\u0103 apropiat de cel al unui vorbitor nativ, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu am avut probleme s\u0103 m\u0103 preg\u0103tesc \u0219i s\u0103 sus\u021bin examenele \u00een englez\u0103.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2013 Ce avantaje \u0219i dezavantaje vezi personal \u00een certificarea ISTQB?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Avantajele sunt incontestabile, aceast\u0103 certificare era cerut\u0103 peste tot c\u00e2nd c\u0103utam un loc de munc\u0103. Iar de\u021binerea unei certific\u0103ri avansate \u00een analiza test\u0103rii mi-a deschis drumul spre o carier\u0103 \u00een Ministerul Economiei din NZ \u0219i ulterior \u2013 \u00eentr-o subsidiar\u0103 a Microsoft.<\/p>\n

Dezavantajele sunt doar costul ridicat. Dac\u0103 certificarea nu este pl\u0103tit\u0103 de companie, atunci costul este semnificativ. C\u00e2nd am sus\u021binut eu examenul, acesta costa 300 de dolari, iar cel avansat \u2013 450.<\/i><\/p>\n

Artem Mihalev, manager de cont la \u201eLaboratorul de Calitate\u201d:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Care este p\u0103rerea ta \u0219i atitudinea ta fa\u021b\u0103 de certificarea ISTQB?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Din experien\u021ba mea, acest certificat este ob\u021binut \u00een principal de angaja\u021bii companiilor care particip\u0103 la licita\u021bii \u00een Rusia. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te evaluarea nivelului de cuno\u0219tin\u021be \u00een timpul certific\u0103rii, consider c\u0103 este o preg\u0103tire bun\u0103. <\/i><\/p>\n

\u2013 Spune-mi, te rog, mai \u00een detaliu despre licita\u021bii.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 De obicei, pentru a participa la licita\u021bii, este necesar s\u0103 ai un anumit num\u0103r de angaja\u021bi certifica\u021bi \u00een companie. Fiecare licita\u021bie are propriile condi\u021bii, iar pentru a participa, trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendepline\u0219ti criteriile. <\/i><\/p>\n

Iulia Mironova, co-antrenoare a cursului Nataliei Rucol \u00abSistemul complex de preg\u0103tire a testatorilor conform programului ISTQB FL\u00bb, de\u021bin\u0103tor al certificatului ISTQB FL:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Ce surse ai folosit pentru preg\u0103tirea pentru examen?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 M-am preg\u0103tit folosind dump-uri de examene \u0219i cu ajutorul sistemului complex de preg\u0103tire (CPP) pentru ISTQB de la Natalia Rucol.<\/i><\/p>\n

\u2013 Ce avantaje \u0219i dezavantaje vezi personal \u00een certificarea ISTQB FL?<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2013 Principalul avantaj: persoana a avut r\u0103bdare s\u0103 studieze \u0219i s\u0103 sus\u021bin\u0103 teoretic examenul \u2013 asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 aspir\u0103 la \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, va putea s\u0103 se adapteze la noi proiecte \u0219i sarcini.<\/p>\n

Principalul dezavantaj \u2013 este programul \u00eenvechit al cursului (2011). Multe dintre termeni nu mai sunt utiliza\u021bi \u00een practic\u0103.
\n<\/i><\/p>\n

2. Opiniile speciali\u0219tilor din diferite \u021b\u0103ri:<\/h3>\n

\nCe p\u0103rere au speciali\u0219tii \u00een testare \u0219i dezvoltare software din SUA \u0219i Europa: <\/b><\/p>\n

\u201eG\u00e2ndirea creativ\u0103 este mai valoroas\u0103 dec\u00e2t certificarea. \u00cen situa\u021bia angaj\u0103rii, de obicei, prefer o persoan\u0103 care are experien\u021b\u0103 direct\u0103 de munc\u0103, \u00een locul unui specialist certificat. \u00cen plus, dac\u0103 certificatul specialistului certificat nu adaug\u0103 valoare muncii, devine mai degrab\u0103 un indicator negativ pentru mine dec\u00e2t unul pozitiv.\u201d<\/i>
\nJoe Coley Mendon, Massachusetts.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201eCertificatul poate ajuta la selec\u021bia celei mai bune p\u0103r\u021bi a speciali\u0219tilor de pe pia\u021ba muncii, din care po\u021bi apoi alege un subgrup care \u00eendepline\u0219te cu adev\u0103rat toate cerin\u021bele. Certificatul nu este o panacee pentru problemele de angajare \u0219i nu ofer\u0103 o garan\u021bie solid\u0103 c\u0103 angajatul are abilit\u0103\u021bile necesare.\u201d <\/i>
\nDebashish Chakrabarty, Suedia.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201eAre project managers with a certificate necessarily good specialists? No. Does it mean they are interested in dedicating time to themselves and promoting the profession through continuous education and participation? Yes.\u201d <\/i>
\nRiley Horan, Saint Paul, Minnesota<\/b><\/p>\n

Link to the original article with reviews.<\/a><\/noindex><\/b><\/p>\n

3. What is happening in the job market: is certification in testing necessary when applying for jobs?<\/h3>\n

\nWe used publicly available data on vacancies from LinkedIn<\/b> and analyzed the ratio of certification requirements for testing specialists to the total number of vacancies in the testing field.
\n\"Certificarea<\/p>\n

Observations from the analysis of the job market on LinkedIn:<\/h4>\n

\n1. In the overwhelming majority of cases, certification is not a mandatory<\/b> requirement for employment as a testing specialist.<\/p>\n

2. Although certification is issued indefinitely, some vacancies have requirements for time restrictions<\/b> for obtaining a certificate (Certified ISTQB Foundation level in the past 2 years will be a plus).<\/p>\n

3. For candidates applying for high-qualification vacancies in specialized areas of testing, possessing the prized paper is required: automated testing, test analysis, test management, senior QA.<\/b><\/p>\n

4. ISTQB is not the only<\/b> certification option; equivalents are allowed. <\/p>\n

Conclusions<\/h2>\n

\nCertification may be a mandatory requirement for certain companies or in government projects. When deciding on the necessity of obtaining the ISTQB certificate, consider the following realities:<\/p>\n

1. When selecting a candidate for a testing specialist position, the key determinants will be experience and knowledge<\/b>, not the presence of a certificate. However, when skills are similar, preference will be given to a certified specialist.<\/p>\n

2. Certification aids in career development (for 90% of managers, it is important to have 50-100% certified testers on their team); additionally, in some foreign companies, obtaining a certificate is a reason for salary increases.<\/b>.<\/p>\n

3. Certification helps increase your self-confidence.<\/b>It also helps you develop the ability to think about things from different angles, allowing you to grow as a specialist.<\/p>\n

In the first part of our article<\/b> Am \u00eencercat s\u0103 r\u0103spundem la \u00eentrebarea: \u201eEste necesar certificatul ISTQB?\u201d; iar dac\u0103 este necesar, atunci cui, ce \u0219i de ce. Sper\u0103m c\u0103 articolul a fost util pentru dumneavoastr\u0103. Scrie\u021bi \u00een comentarii - s-au deschis pentru dumneavoastr\u0103 noi orizonturi dup\u0103 ob\u021binerea certificatului sau este, \u00een opinia dumneavoastr\u0103, ISTQB o h\u00e2rtie inutil\u0103?<\/p>\n

\u00cen a doua parte a articolului<\/b> Inginerii QA de la \u201eLaboratorul Calit\u0103\u021bii\u201d Anna Paley<\/b> \u0219i Pavla Tolokonina<\/b> vor povesti din experien\u021ba personal\u0103 despre cum s-au preg\u0103tit, s-au \u00eenscris, au sus\u021binut testarea \u0219i au ob\u021binut certificatele ISTQB at\u00e2t \u00een Rusia, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate. Abona\u021bi-v\u0103 \u0219i urm\u0103ri\u021bi noi publica\u021bii.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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