{"id":33117,"date":"2019-10-31T21:50:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-prinimaem-i-dekodiruem-naibolee-interesnye-signaly-chast-2-ukv\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:50:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:51","slug":"chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-prinimaem-i-dekodiruem-naibolee-interesnye-signaly-chast-2-ukv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-prinimaem-i-dekodiruem-naibolee-interesnye-signaly-chast-2-ukv","title":{"rendered":"Ce se aude \u00een eter? Primim \u0219i decodific\u0103m cele mai interesante semnale. Partea 2, FM","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bun\u0103, Habr.<\/p>\n

\u00cen prima parte<\/a><\/noindex> au fost descrise unele semnale care pot fi primite pe unde lungi \u0219i scurte. Nu mai pu\u021bin interesant este intervalul FM, unde se pot g\u0103si c\u00e2teva lucruri interesante.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\nCa \u0219i \u00een prima parte, vor fi examinate acele semnale care pot fi decodificate singur cu ajutorul computerului. Cei care sunt interesa\u021bi de cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103, continuarea se afl\u0103 sub.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\u00cen prima parte am folosit un receiver online<\/a><\/noindex> pentru recep\u021bia undelor lungi \u0219i scurte. Din p\u0103cate, pentru FM nu exist\u0103 servicii similare \u2014 intervalul de frecven\u021be este prea mare. A\u0219adar, doritorii de a repeta experimentele descrise mai jos vor trebui s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i procure propriul receiver, dintre cele mai ieftine se poate men\u021biona RTL SDR V3<\/a><\/noindex>, care poate fi achizi\u021bionat pentru 30$. Acest receiver acoper\u0103 intervalul p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1,7 GHz, toate semnalele descrise mai jos au fost primite exact pe acesta. <\/p>\n

A\u0219adar, s\u0103 \u00eencepem. Ca \u0219i \u00een prima parte, vom analiza semnalele \u00een ordinea cresc\u0103toare a frecven\u021bei.<\/p>\n

Radio FM<\/h2>\n

\n\u00cen sine, radio FM rar va surprinde pe cineva, \u00eens\u0103 ceea ce ne va interesa la acesta este RDS. Existen\u021ba RDS (Radio Data System) asigur\u0103 transmiterea datelor digitale '\u00een interiorul' semnalului FM. Spectrul semnalului sta\u021biei FM dup\u0103 demodulare arat\u0103 astfel:<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nLa frecven\u021ba de 19 kHz se afl\u0103 pilot-tonul, iar la frecven\u021ba sa tripl\u0103 de 57 kHz se transmite semnalul RDS. Pe oscilloscop, dac\u0103 afi\u0219\u0103m ambele semnale \u00eempreun\u0103, arat\u0103 cam a\u0219a:<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nPrin modularea \u00een faz\u0103, aici este codificat un semnal de frecven\u021b\u0103 joas\u0103 cu frecven\u021ba de 1187,5 Hz (de altfel, frecven\u021ba de 1187,5 Hz a fost aleas\u0103 nu \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103tor \u2014 aceasta este frecven\u021ba de 19 kHz a pilot-tonului, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit\u0103 la 16). Apoi, dup\u0103 decodificarea bit cu bit, se decripteaz\u0103 pachetele de date, ale c\u0103ror tipuri sunt destul de multe \u2014 pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 text, pot fi transmise, de exemplu, frecven\u021be alternative de difuzare ale postului de radio, iar c\u00e2nd intri \u00eentr-o alt\u0103 zon\u0103, receiverul se poate regla automat pe o nou\u0103 frecven\u021b\u0103. <\/p>\n

Pentru a recep\u021biona datele RDS ale sta\u021biilor locale, se poate folosi programul RDS Spy<\/a><\/noindex>. Acesta poate fi conectat prin HDSDR, dac\u0103 selecta\u021bi modularea FM, l\u0103\u021bimea de semnal 120 kHz \u0219i bitrate-ul de 192 kHz, a\u0219a cum este ar\u0103tat \u00een imagine.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nApoi, este suficient s\u0103 redirec\u021biona\u021bi semnalul prin Virtual Audio Cable de la HDSDR la RDS Spy (\u00een set\u0103rile VAC trebuie s\u0103 specifica\u021bi \u0219i bitrate-ul de 192 kHz). Dac\u0103 totul a fost f\u0103cut corect, vom vedea toate informa\u021biile despre RDS, mult mai multe dec\u00e2t un receiver radio obi\u0219nuit va ar\u0103ta:<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nPe l\u00e2ng\u0103 FM, de fapt, se poate decoda \u0219i DAB+, despre care s-a discutat un articol separat<\/a><\/noindex>. \u00cen Rusia, deocamdat\u0103 nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103, dar \u00een alte \u021b\u0103ri poate fi relevant.<\/p>\n

Banda aerian\u0103<\/h2>\n

\nA\u0219a s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat istoric, \u00eenc\u00e2t \u00een avia\u021bie se utilizeaz\u0103 modularea de amplitudine (AM) \u0219i banda de frecven\u021b\u0103 118-137MHz. Comunic\u0103rile dintre pilo\u021bi \u0219i dispeceri nu sunt criptate, iar oricine le poate recep\u021biona. Acum aproximativ 20 de ani, pentru acest lucru se foloseau radiorecep\u021boare ieftine din China \u2014 era suficient s\u0103 desfaci bobinele oscilatorului, iar banda se deplasa, dac\u0103 aveai noroc, c\u0103tre frecven\u021be mai \u00eenalte. Cei interesa\u021bi de \u201earheologia digital\u0103\u201d pot citi discu\u021bia pe forumul radioscanner<\/a><\/noindex> din 2004. Mai t\u00e2rziu, produc\u0103torii chinezi au f\u0103cut un pas \u00een \u00eent\u00e2mpinarea utilizatorilor \u0219i au ad\u0103ugat pur \u0219i simplu banda Aer \u00een recep\u021boare (\u00een comentariile la prima parte s-au recomandat Tecsun PL-660 sau PL-680). Dar, desigur, utilizarea unor dispozitive mai specializate (de exemplu, recep\u021boare AOR, Icom) este mai preferabil\u0103 \u2014 acestea au reducere de zgomot (sunetul se opre\u0219te c\u00e2nd nu exist\u0103 semnal \u0219i nu apare h\u00e2r\u00e2itul constant) \u0219i o vitez\u0103 de scanare mai mare a frecven\u021belor.<\/p>\n

Fiecare aeroport mare utilizeaz\u0103 destule frecven\u021be, iat\u0103, de exemplu, frecven\u021bele aeroportului Pulkovo, preluate de pe site-ul radioscanner:<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nApropo, po\u021bi asculta transmisiunile discu\u021biilor din diferite ora\u0219e ruse\u0219ti (Moscova, S-Pb, Chelyabinsk \u0219i c\u00e2teva altele) online pe http:\/\/live.radioscanner.net<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Pentru noi, \u00een banda aerian\u0103, interesant este protocolul digital ACARS<\/a><\/noindex> (Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System). Semnalele sale sunt transmise pe frecven\u021bele 131.525 \u0219i 131.725MHz (standard european, frecven\u021bele din diferite regiuni pot varia<\/a><\/noindex>). Acestea sunt pachete digitale cu un bitrate de 2400 sau 1200bps, folosind un astfel de sistem, pilo\u021bii pot schimba mesaje cu dispecerul. Pentru a decoda \u00een MultiPSK, trebuie s\u0103 te setezi pe semnal \u00een modul AM (este necesar un receptor SDR, deoarece l\u0103\u021bimea benzii semnalului este mai mare de 5kHz) \u0219i s\u0103 redirec\u021bionezi sunetul cu ajutorul Virtual Audio Card. <\/p>\n

Rezultatul este prezentat \u00een captura de ecran.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nFormatul semnalelor ACARS este destul de simplu, \u0219i \u00eel po\u021bi vizualiza \u00een programul SA Free. Pentru aceasta, este suficient s\u0103 deschizi un fragment al \u00eenregistr\u0103rii, \u0219i vom vedea c\u0103 \u00een \u201einteriorul\u201d \u00eenregistr\u0103rilor AM se afl\u0103 de fapt modula\u021bia de frecven\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\n\u00cen continuare, aplic\u00e2nd un detector de frecven\u021b\u0103 pe \u00eenregistrare, ob\u021binem cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 un flux de bi\u021bi. \u00cen practic\u0103, este pu\u021bin probabil s\u0103 fie necesar acest lucru, deoarece programele gata scrise pentru decodarea ACARS exist\u0103 de mult timp.<\/p>\n

Sateli\u021bii meteorologici NOAA<\/h2>\n

\nAscult\u00e2nd discu\u021biile aviatorelor, putem s\u0103 ne urc\u0103m \u0219i mai sus \u2014 \u00een cosmos. Acolo, vedem sateli\u021bii meteorologici care ne intereseaz\u0103 NOAA 15<\/a><\/noindex>, NOAA 18<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i NOAA 19<\/a><\/noindex>, transmi\u021b\u00e2nd imagini ale suprafe\u021bei P\u0103m\u00e2ntului pe frecven\u021bele 137.620, 137.9125 \u0219i 137.100 MHz. Semnalul poate fi decodificat cu ajutorul programului WXtoImg<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Imaginea primit\u0103 poate ar\u0103ta cam a\u0219a (foto de pe site-ul radioscanner):<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nDin p\u0103cate (legea fizicii nu poate fi \u00een\u0219elat\u0103, iar P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este totu\u0219i rotund, chiar dac\u0103 nu toat\u0103 lumea crede asta), semnalul satelitului poate fi primit doar atunci c\u00e2nd zboar\u0103 deasupra noastr\u0103, \u0219i nu \u00eentotdeauna aceste zboruri au un timp \u0219i un unghi convenabil deasupra orizontului. Anterior, pentru a afla data \u0219i ora apropiatului zbor era necesar s\u0103 instal\u0103m programul Orbitron<\/a><\/noindex> (un program vechi, existent \u00eenc\u0103 din 2001), acum este mult mai simplu s\u0103 faci acest lucru online folosind linkurile https:\/\/www.n2yo.com\/passes\/?s=25338<\/a><\/noindex>, https:\/\/www.n2yo.com\/passes\/?s=28654<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i https:\/\/www.n2yo.com\/passes\/?s=33591<\/a><\/noindex> corespunz\u0103tor. <\/p>\n

Semnalul sateli\u021bilor este destul de puternic \u0219i se aude practic pe orice anten\u0103 \u0219i pe orice receptor. Dar pentru a primi o imagine de calitate bun\u0103, este totu\u0219i de dorit o anten\u0103 special\u0103 \u0219i o vedere bun\u0103 a orizontului. Cei interesa\u021bi pot viziona un tutorial \u00een englez\u0103 pe youtube<\/a><\/noindex> sau pot citi o descriere detaliat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>. Personal, nu am avut r\u0103bdare s\u0103 duc lucrurile p\u00e2n\u0103 la cap\u0103t, dar altora le-ar putea merge mai bine.<\/p>\n

Mesaje de paginare FLEX\/POCSAG<\/h2>\n

\nNu \u0219tiu dac\u0103 comunicarea prin paginare pentru clien\u021bii corporativi din Rusia mai func\u021bioneaz\u0103, dar \u00een Europa ea func\u021bioneaz\u0103 bine, folosit\u0103 de pompieri, poli\u021bie \u0219i diverse servicii. <\/p>\n

Semnalele FLEX \u0219i POCSAG pot fi primite cu HDSDR \u0219i Virtual Audio Cable, pentru decodare se folose\u0219te programul PDW<\/a><\/noindex>. A fost scris \u00een 2004, iar interfa\u021ba are un aspect corespunz\u0103tor, dar, ciudat, \u00eenc\u0103 func\u021bioneaz\u0103 destul de bine.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nExist\u0103, de asemenea, decoderul multimon-ng, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe Linux, sursele sale sunt disponibile pe github<\/a><\/noindex>. Despre protocolul de transmisie POCSAG a existat, de asemenea, un articol separat, cei interesa\u021bi pot s\u0103 se familiarizeze cu el \u00een detaliu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Chei\/faruri f\u0103r\u0103 fir<\/h2>\n

\nMai sus pe frecven\u021b\u0103, la 433 MHz, exist\u0103 o mul\u021bime de dispozitive diferite \u2014 \u00eentrerup\u0103toare \u0219i prize f\u0103r\u0103 fir, sonerii, senzori de presiune pentru anvelope \u0219i altele. <\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nAcestea sunt adesea dispozitive ieftine chineze\u0219ti cu o modulare simpl\u0103. Nu exist\u0103 nicio criptare \u0219i se folose\u0219te un cod binar simplu (OOK - on-off keying). Decodarea acestor semnale a fost discutat\u0103 \u00een un articol separat<\/a><\/noindex>. Putem folosi un decodor gata f\u0103cut, rtl_433, care poate fi desc\u0103rcat de la de aici<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nOdat\u0103 ce programul este pornit, po\u021bi observa diferite dispozitive \u0219i (dac\u0103 exist\u0103 o parcare \u00een apropiere) aflai, de exemplu, presiunea \u00een pneurile ma\u0219inii vecinului. Semnifica\u021bia practic\u0103 a acestui lucru este limitat\u0103, dar dintr-o perspectiv\u0103 pur matematic\u0103, este destul de interesant \u2014 protocoalele acestor semnale sunt simple pentru a fi decodificate.<\/p>\n

Apropo, cei care cump\u0103r\u0103 astfel de \u00eentrerup\u0103toare f\u0103r\u0103 fir ar trebui s\u0103 \u0219tie c\u0103 acestea nu sunt protejate, iar teoretic, hackerul t\u0103u vecin, folosind un HackRF sau un dispozitiv similar, \u00ee\u021bi poate stinge lumina din baie \u00een cele mai nepotrivite momente sau poate face ceva similar. Personal, nu \u00eemi fac griji \u00een privin\u021ba asta, dar dac\u0103 problema securit\u0103\u021bii este relevant\u0103, po\u021bi folosi dispozitive mai serioase \u0219i mai scumpe cu chei complete \u0219i autentificare (Z-Wave, Philips Hue etc.).<\/p>\n

TETRA<\/h2>\n

\nTETRA<\/a><\/noindex> (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) \u2014 este un sistem profesional de comunica\u021bie radio de corpora\u021bie cu destul de multe posibilit\u0103\u021bi (apeluri de grup, criptare, interconectarea mai multor re\u021bele etc.). Semnalele sale, dac\u0103 nu sunt criptate, pot fi de asemenea primite cu ajutorul unui computer \u0219i a unui receptor SDR.<\/p>\n

Decodorul TETRA pentru Linux exista de ceva vreme<\/a><\/noindex>, dar configurarea acestuia era departe de a fi trivial\u0103, iar acum aproximativ un an, un programator rus a creat un plugin pentru a primi TETRA<\/a><\/noindex> pentru SDR#. Acum, aceast\u0103 sarcin\u0103 se rezolv\u0103 aproape literal \u00een dou\u0103 clicuri, programul permite s\u0103 afi\u0219ezi informa\u021bii despre sistem, s\u0103 ascul\u021bi mesaje vocale, s\u0103 colectezi statistici etc.<\/p>\n

\"Ce
\n
\nPluginul nu implementeaz\u0103 toate func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile standardului, dar func\u021biile de baz\u0103 func\u021bioneaz\u0103 relativ bine.<\/p>\n

Conform Wikipedia, TETRA poate fi utilizat \u00een ambulan\u021be, poli\u021bie, transport feroviar etc. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea sa \u00een Rusia, nu \u0219tiu (se pare c\u0103 re\u021beaua TETRA a fost folosit\u0103 la CM2018, dar nu este sigur), cei interesa\u021bi pot verifica singuri \u2014 semnalele TETRA sunt u\u0219or de recunoscut, av\u00e2nd o l\u0103\u021bime de 25KHz, a\u0219a cum se poate observa \u00een captur\u0103. <\/p>\n

Desigur, dac\u0103 criptarea este activat\u0103 \u00een re\u021bea (aceast\u0103 op\u021biune exist\u0103 \u00een Tetra), pluginul nu va func\u021biona - \u00een loc de vorbire va fi doar un 'b\u00e2lb\u00e2it'.<\/p>\n

ADSB<\/h2>\n

\nS\u0103 ne ridic\u0103m \u0219i mai sus pe frecven\u021b\u0103, la frecven\u021ba de 1.09 GHz sunt transmise semnale de transpondere ale aeronavelor, permi\u021b\u00e2nd site-urilor precum FlightRadar24 s\u0103 arate avioanele care zboar\u0103. Acest protocol a fost deja discutat anterior, a\u0219a c\u0103 nu voi repeta aici (articolul este deja destul de lung), cei care sunt interesa\u021bi pot citi prima<\/a><\/noindex> \u0219i a doua<\/a><\/noindex> sec\u021biunile.<\/p>\n

Concluzie<\/h2>\n

\nDup\u0103 cum se poate observa, chiar \u0219i cu un receptor de 30 $ se pot g\u0103si multe lucruri interesante \u00een eter. Sunt sigur c\u0103 ceea ce este listat aici nu este tot, \u0219i c\u0103 am omis ceva sau nu \u0219tiu. Cei doritori pot \u00eencerca singuri - este o modalitate bun\u0103 de a \u00een\u021belege mai bine principiile de func\u021bionare ale diferitelor sisteme.<\/p>\n

Nu am discutat despre comunica\u021biile radio amatoare, de\u0219i acestea exist\u0103 \u0219i pe frecven\u021be VHF, dar articolul este totu\u0219i despre comunica\u021biile de servciu.<\/p>\n

P.S.: Special pentru hackerii cool<\/a><\/noindex> se poate men\u021biona c\u0103 nimic cu adev\u0103rat secret nu a fost transmis \u00een eterul deschis probabil de 50 de ani, a\u0219a c\u0103 din acest punct de vedere, nu merit\u0103 s\u0103 \u00ee\u021bi pierzi timpul \u0219i banii. Dar din perspectiva \u00een\u021belegerii principiilor de comunicare \u0219i a diferitelor sisteme ingineresti, familiarizarea cu func\u021bionarea real\u0103 a re\u021belelor reale este destul de interesant\u0103 \u0219i instructiv\u0103.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440. \u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0445. \u041d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0423\u041a\u0412, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0412 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":24864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Ce se aude \u00een eterul radio? Prindem \u0219i decodific\u0103m cele mai interesante semnale. Partea 2, VHF | ProHoster","description":"Salut, Habr. \u00cen prima parte, au fost descrise unele semnale care pot fi captate pe unde lungi \u0219i scurte.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-prinimaem-i-dekodiruem-naibolee-interesnye-signaly-chast-2-ukv","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"ro_RO","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0438\u0440\u0435? \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 2, \u0423\u041a\u0412 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440. \u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0445.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chto-slyshno-v-radioefire-prinimaem-i-dekodiruem-naibolee-interesnye-signaly-chast-2-ukv","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:50:51+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:50:51+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"33117","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 14:00:21","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 02:46:23","updated":"2026-01-21 14:00:21","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33117"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33117\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}