{"id":33305,"date":"2019-10-31T21:51:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:51:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/build-share-collaborate\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:51:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:51:51","slug":"build-share-collaborate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/build-share-collaborate","title":{"rendered":"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Containerele sunt o versiune u\u0219urat\u0103 a spa\u021biului utilizatorului din sistemul de operare Linux - practic, aceasta este \u201eminimum\u201d absolut. Cu toate acestea, r\u0103m\u00e2ne tot o sistem\u0103 de operare complet func\u021bional\u0103, iar calitatea acestui container este la fel de important\u0103 ca cea a unei sisteme de operare obi\u0219nuite. Din acest motiv, mult timp am oferit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/containers\/\">imagini Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)<\/a><\/noindex>, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t utilizatorii s\u0103 poat\u0103 avea containere de nivel enterprise, certificate, moderne \u0219i actualizate. Rularea <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/developers.redhat.com\/blog\/2018\/02\/22\/container-terminology-practical-introduction\/#h.dqlu6589ootw\">imaginilor de containere<\/a><\/noindex> (container images) RHEL pe gazdele de containere (container hosts) RHEL asigur\u0103 compatibilitate \u0219i portabilitate \u00eentre medii, pentru a nu mai vorbi de faptul c\u0103 sunt deja instrumente cunoscute. Totu\u0219i, a existat o problem\u0103. Nu puteai pur \u0219i simplu s\u0103 transmi\u021bi o astfel de imagine cuiva, chiar dac\u0103 era vorba de un client sau partener care folosea Red Hat Enterprise Linux. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/2c87e29b54241ecbda00523418ccb8ea.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDar acum totul s-a schimbat <br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nOdat\u0103 cu lansarea imaginii de baz\u0103 universale Red Hat Universal Base Image (UBI), acum po\u021bi ob\u021bine fiabilitatea, securitatea \u0219i performan\u021ba de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate a imaginilor oficiale de containere Red Hat, indiferent dac\u0103 ai sau nu un abonament. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 po\u021bi construi o aplica\u021bie containerizat\u0103 pe UBI, s\u0103 o plasezi \u00eentr-un registru de containere pe care \u00eel alegi \u0219i s\u0103 o \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219ti cu toat\u0103 lumea. Red Hat Universal Base Image permite construirea, \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219irea \u0219i colaborarea asupra aplica\u021biilor containerizate \u00een orice mediu \u2013 oriunde dore\u0219ti. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/d06210d717e17d2732284239003445c3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Datorit\u0103 UBI, exist\u0103 posibilitatea de a publica \u0219i rula aplica\u021biile tale aproape \u00een orice infrastructur\u0103. Dar dac\u0103 le rulezi pe platformele Red Hat, cum ar fi Red Hat OpenShift \u0219i Red Hat Enterprise Linux, po\u021bi ob\u021bine beneficii suplimentare (mai mult aur!). \u0218i p\u00e2n\u0103 nu trecem la o descriere mai detaliat\u0103 a UBI, permite-mi s\u0103 ofer un scurt FAQ despre de ce ai nevoie de un abonament RHEL. A\u0219adar, ce se va \u00eent\u00e2mpla c\u00e2nd rula\u021bi imaginea UBI pe platforma RHEL\/OpenShift? <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/245ded4e0742a057d53b2b4d49902d3c.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Acum, c\u00e2nd marketingul este mul\u021bumit, s\u0103 discut\u0103m mai detaliat despre UBI<\/p>\n<h3>Motive pentru a aplica UBI<\/h3>\n<p>\nCe ar trebui s\u0103 sim\u021bi pentru a \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 UBI \u00ee\u021bi va fi util: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dezvoltatorii mei <b>vor s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 imagini de containere care pot fi distribuite \u0219i rulate \u00een orice mediu<\/b> Echipa mea <\/li>\n<li>operativ\u0103 <b>vrea o imagine de baz\u0103 suportat\u0103, cu un ciclu de via\u021b\u0103 de nivel enterprise<\/b> arhitec\u021bii <\/li>\n<li>Dezvoltatorii mei <b>arhitec\u021bi<\/b> vor s\u0103 ofere <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/operatorhub.io\/\">Kubernetes Operator<\/a><\/noindex> clien\u021bii mei \/ utilizatorii finali<\/li>\n<li>Dezvoltatorii mei <b>clien\u021bi<\/b> vor s\u0103 nu-\u0219i fac\u0103 griji \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu sprijinul de nivel corporatist pentru \u00eentreaga lor infrastructur\u0103 Red Hat <\/li>\n<li>Al meu <b>comunitate<\/b> vrea s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219easc\u0103, s\u0103 ruleze, s\u0103 publice aplica\u021bii containerizate practic oriunde <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 m\u0103car unul dintre scenarii vi se potrive\u0219te, atunci cu siguran\u021b\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 acorda\u021bi aten\u021bie UBI. <\/p>\n<h3>Mai mult dec\u00e2t un simplu lucru de baz\u0103 <\/h3>\n<p>\nUBI \u2013 mai mic dec\u00e2t un sistem de operare complet, dar UBI are trei lucruri importante: <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Un set de trei imagini de baz\u0103 (ubi, ubi-minimal, ubi-init) <\/li>\n<li>Imagini cu medii de execu\u021bie preconfigurate pentru diverse limbaje de programare (nodejs, ruby, python, php, perl etc.) <\/li>\n<li>Un set de pachete asociate \u00een depozitul YUM cu cele mai comune dependen\u021be <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/bbfe3101ba7ab8f4ee6006a07e464cdf.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>UBI a fost creat ca o baz\u0103 pentru aplica\u021bii cloud-native \u0219i web, dezvoltate \u0219i livrate \u00een containere. Tot con\u021binutul din UBI este un subset al RHEL. Toate pachetele din UBI provin prin canalele RHEL \u0219i sunt sus\u021binute similar cu RHEL c\u00e2nd ruleaz\u0103 pe platforme Red Hat acceptate, cum ar fi OpenShift \u0219i RHEL. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/877ffa34cf18939faf84e376035cc9f6.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Asigurarea unei suport de calitate pentru containere necesit\u0103 eforturi semnificative din partea inginerilor, speciali\u0219tilor \u00een securitate \u0219i a altor resurse adi\u021bionale. Este nevoie nu doar de testarea imaginilor de baz\u0103, ci \u0219i de analiza comportamentului acestora pe orice gazd\u0103 acceptat\u0103. <\/p>\n<p>Pentru a facilita sarcinile legate de actualiz\u0103ri, Red Hat dezvolt\u0103 activ suportul, ceea ce permite ca UBI 7 s\u0103 fie rulat, de exemplu, pe gazde RHEL 8, iar UBI 8 pe gazde RHEL 7. Acest lucru ofer\u0103 utilizatorilor flexibilitatea, \u00eencrederea \u0219i lini\u0219tea necesar\u0103 \u00een procesul, de exemplu, al actualiz\u0103rilor platformelor \u00een imaginile containerelor sau gazdelor utilizate. Acum totul poate fi \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een dou\u0103 proiecte autonome. <\/p>\n<h3>Trei imagini de baz\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/14c750c058706f328c58f296624499c0.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>Minimal \u2013 destinat aplica\u021biilor cu toate dependen\u021bele (Python, Node.js, .NET etc.) <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Un set minimal de con\u021binut preinstalat <\/li>\n<li>F\u0103r\u0103 fi\u0219iere executabile suid <\/li>\n<li>Un set minimal de instrumente pentru managerul de pachete (instalare, actualizare \u0219i eliminare) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPlatform\u0103 \u2013 pentru orice aplica\u021bii rulate pe RHEL <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stiv\u0103 criptografic\u0103 unificat\u0103 OpenSSL<\/li>\n<li>Stiv\u0103 complet\u0103 YUM <\/li>\n<li>Includ utilitare utile ale sistemului de operare (tar, gzip, vi etc.) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMulti-Service \u2013 simplific\u0103 rularea mai multor servicii \u00eentr-un singur container <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Configurat pentru a rula systemd la pornire <\/li>\n<li>Capacitatea de a activa servicii \u00een etapa de construc\u021bie <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Imagini de containere cu medii de execu\u021bie pentru limbaje de programare deja configurate <\/h3>\n<p>\n\u00cen afar\u0103 de imaginile de baz\u0103 care permit instalarea suportului pentru limbajele de programare, UBI include imagini preconstruite cu medii de execu\u021bie pentru diverse limbaje de programare. Multe dezvoltatori pot pur \u0219i simplu s\u0103 ia o imagine \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 s\u0103 lucreze la aplica\u021bia pe care o dezvolt\u0103. <\/p>\n<p>Odat\u0103 cu lansarea UBI, Red Hat ofer\u0103 dou\u0103 seturi de imagini \u2013 bazate pe RHEL 7 \u0219i RHEL 8. Acestea au fost create pe baza Red Hat Software Collections (RHEL 7) \u0219i Application Streams (RHEL 8). Aceste medii de execu\u021bie sunt men\u021binute la zi \u0219i primesc standard p\u00e2n\u0103 la patru actualiz\u0103ri pe an, asigur\u00e2ndu-se astfel c\u0103 ave\u021bi \u00eentotdeauna acces la cele mai recente \u0219i stabile versiuni. <\/p>\n<p><b>Iat\u0103 lista imaginilor de containere UBI 7:<\/b> <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/996418541dce083453eb25ef28abc5eb.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Iat\u0103 lista imaginilor de containere pentru UBI 8:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/48726f993bb541f60b8df2e62215b8b2.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Pachete asociate <\/h3>\n<p>\nUtilizarea imaginilor gata de utilizare este cu adev\u0103rat convenabil\u0103. Red Hat le men\u021bine actuale \u0219i le actualizeaz\u0103 odat\u0103 cu lansarea unei noi versiuni RHEL, precum \u0219i atunci c\u00e2nd apar actualiz\u0103ri critice CVE, conform politicii de actualiz\u0103ri. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/articles\/2208321\">Politica imaginii RHEL<\/a><\/noindex> pentru a putea lua una dintre aceste imagini \u0219i a \u00eencepe imediat s\u0103 lucra\u021bi la aplica\u021bie. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/16aaf2f54379d5d3f48e00108f02e61e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Dar uneori, atunci c\u00e2nd crea\u021bi o aplica\u021bie, s-ar putea s\u0103 ave\u021bi nevoie brusc de un pachet suplimentar. Sau, uneori, pentru a face aplica\u021bia s\u0103 func\u021bioneze, este necesar s\u0103 actualiza\u021bi un anumit pachet. De aceea, imaginile UBI sunt livrate cu un set de RPM-uri, care sunt disponibile prin intermediul yum \u0219i care sunt distribuite printr-o re\u021bea rapid\u0103 \u0219i de \u00eenalt\u0103 disponibilitate pentru livrarea de con\u021binut (v\u0103 rog, pachet!). C\u00e2nd rula\u021bi yum-update \u00een CI \/ CD \u00een acel moment critic al lans\u0103rii, v\u0103 pute\u021bi asigura c\u0103 va func\u021biona.<\/p>\n<h3>RHEL \u2013 este baza<\/h3>\n<p>\nNu obosim s\u0103 repet\u0103m c\u0103 RHEL \u2013 este baza tuturor. \u0218ti\u021bi care echipe din Red Hat lucreaz\u0103 la crearea imaginilor de baz\u0103? De exemplu, aceste echipe:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grupul ingineresc \u0219i tehnic responsabil pentru asigurarea performan\u021bei stabile \u0219i a func\u021bion\u0103rii fiabile a bibliotecilor de baz\u0103, precum glibc \u0219i OpenSSL, \u0219i a mediilor de execu\u021bie, precum Python \u0219i Ruby, cu sarcini de lucru \u00een containere. <\/li>\n<li>Grupul de asigurare a securit\u0103\u021bii produselor se ocup\u0103 cu remedieri rapide ale erorilor \u0219i problemelor de securitate din biblioteci \u0219i medii de execu\u021bie, iar eficien\u021ba acestora este evaluat\u0103 printr-un indice special. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/articles\/2803031\">Gradul Indice de S\u0103n\u0103tate a Containerelor<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/li>\n<li>Echipa de manageri de produs \u0219i ingineri se ocup\u0103 de ad\u0103ugarea de noi func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i asigur\u0103 un ciclu lung de via\u021b\u0103 pentru produs, oferind astfel \u00eencredere \u00een investi\u021biile efectuate, care pot fi folosite ca baz\u0103. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nRed Hat Enterprise Linux serve\u0219te drept gazd\u0103 \u0219i imagine excelent\u0103 pentru containere, dar pentru mul\u021bi dezvoltatori este important s\u0103 poat\u0103 lucra cu sistemul \u00een diverse formate, unele dintre acestea put\u00e2nd dep\u0103\u0219i scenariile de utilizare suportate de sistemul Linux. \u0218i aici intervin imaginile universale UBI. <\/p>\n<p>S\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 \u00een acest moment c\u0103uta\u021bi doar o imagine de baz\u0103 pentru a \u00eencepe lucrul la o aplica\u021bie simpl\u0103 containerizat\u0103. Sau poate c\u0103 sunte\u021bi deja mai aproape de viitor, trec\u00e2nd de la containere autonome care ruleaz\u0103 pe motorul containerelor, la o poveste cloud-native utiliz\u00e2nd operatori (construind \u0219i certific\u00e2nd Operatori) care ruleaz\u0103 pe OpenShift. Indiferent de caz, UBI va oferi o baz\u0103 excelent\u0103 pentru acest lucru. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/e40393e4d9cedcc769ebd0c593d997cc.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Containerele con\u021bin o versiune u\u0219oar\u0103 a spa\u021biului utilizator al sistemului de operare \u00eentr-un nou format de ambalare. Lansarea imaginilor UBI stabile\u0219te un nou standard industrial pentru dezvoltarea containerizat\u0103, f\u0103c\u00e2nd astfel containerele de nivel enterprise disponibile pentru orice utilizator, dezvoltatori independen\u021bi de software \u0219i comunit\u0103\u021bi open source. \u00cen special, dezvoltatorii de software pot standardiza produsele lor, utiliz\u00e2nd o baz\u0103 unic\u0103, testat\u0103, pentru toate aplica\u021biile lor containerizate, inclusiv <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/operatorhub.io\/\">Kubernetes Operators<\/a><\/noindex>. Companiile de dezvoltare care utilizeaz\u0103 UBI au, de asemenea, acces la certificarea Red Hat Container Certification \u0219i Red Hat OpenShift Operator Certification, ceea ce permite verificarea continu\u0103 a software-ului rulat pe platformele Red Hat, precum OpenShift. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Construie\u0219te, \u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te, Colaboreaz\u0103\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/e2351cfad639b2f7d98b6bc9cecc41c6.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Cum s\u0103 \u00eencepi s\u0103 lucrezi cu o imagine <\/h3>\n<p>\nPe scurt \u2013 e foarte simplu. Podman este disponibil nu doar \u00een RHEL, ci \u0219i \u00een Fedora, CentOS \u0219i \u00een c\u00e2teva alte distribu\u021bii Linux. Tot ce trebuie s\u0103 faci este s\u0103 descarci imaginea din unul dintre urm\u0103toarele repo-uri \u0219i s\u0103 mergi mai departe. <\/p>\n<p>Pentru UBI 8: <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">podman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi8\/ubi\npodman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi8\/ubi-minimal\npodman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi8\/ubi-init\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nPentru UBI 7: <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">podman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi7\/ubi\npodman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi7\/ubi-minimal\npodman pull registry.access.redhat.com\/ubi7\/ubi-init\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n\u0218i nu uita s\u0103 consul\u021bi Ghidul complet al Universal Base Image <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-us\/red_hat_enterprise_linux\/8\/html-single\/building_running_and_managing_containers\/index?lb_target=stage#using_red_hat_universal_base_images_standard_minimal_and_runtimes\">RHEL 8 Cum s\u0103<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-us\/red_hat_enterprise_linux_atomic_host\/7\/html-single\/getting_started_with_containers\/index#using_red_hat_universal_base_images_standard_minimal_and_runtimes\">RHEL 7 Cum s\u0103<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/redhatrussia\/blog\/451090\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Linux \u2013 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u00ab\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c. \u0422\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 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