{"id":34460,"date":"2019-10-31T21:58:27","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-avtomatizirovat-upravlenie-it-infrastrukturoj-obsuzhdaem-tri-trenda\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:58:27","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:27","slug":"kak-avtomatizirovat-upravlenie-it-infrastrukturoj-obsuzhdaem-tri-trenda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-avtomatizirovat-upravlenie-it-infrastrukturoj-obsuzhdaem-tri-trenda","title":{"rendered":"Cum s\u0103 automatiz\u0103m gestionarea infrastructurii IT \u2014 discut\u0103m despre trei tendin\u021be","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ast\u0103zi am decis s\u0103 discut\u0103m despre instrumentele utilizate de companiile IT \u0219i proportarii IaaS<\/a><\/noindex> pentru automatizarea activit\u0103\u021bilor de re\u021bea \u0219i a sistemelor inginere\u0219ti.<\/p>\n

\"Cum<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ Flickr \/ Not4rthur<\/a><\/noindex> \/ CC BY-SA<\/i><\/p>\n

Implementarea re\u021belelor definite prin software<\/h2>\n

\nSe a\u0219teapt\u0103 ca odat\u0103 cu lansarea re\u021belelor 5G, dispozitivele IoT s\u0103 devin\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat omniprezente \u2014 conform unor<\/a><\/noindex> estim\u0103ri, num\u0103rul acestora va dep\u0103\u0219i 50 miliarde p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2022.<\/p>\n

Exper\u021bii subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 infrastructura existent\u0103 nu va face fa\u021b\u0103 sporirii \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rilor. Conform estim\u0103rilor<\/a><\/noindex> Cisco, \u00een urm\u0103torii doi ani, traficul care trece prin centrele de date va atinge 20,6 zettabytes.<\/p>\n

Din acest motiv, companiile IT cheltuie miliarde pentru dezvoltarea infrastructurii de re\u021bea. De exemplu, Google sunt implicate<\/a><\/noindex> \u00een construc\u021bia de noi cabluri submarine \u00een Asia \u0219i Europa, pentru a reduce \u00eent\u00e2rzierile \u00een transmiterea datelor \u00een loca\u021bii \u00eendep\u0103rtate de centrele de date. De asemenea, gigan\u021bii IT se ocup\u0103 de construirea de centre de date hiperscalabile \u2014 pentru realizarea acestora, AWS, Microsoft \u0219i Google, \u00een total au cheltuit deja<\/a><\/noindex> peste 100 miliarde de dolari.<\/p>\n

Este evident c\u0103 \u00een astfel de (\u0219i mai simple) sisteme este imposibil s\u0103 urm\u0103re\u0219ti manual func\u021bionarea corect\u0103 a tuturor comutatoarelor, serverelor \u0219i cablurilor. Aici intervin re\u021belele definite prin software (SDN) \u0219i protocoalele speciale (de exemplu, OpenFlow<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n

Conform Statista spun<\/a><\/noindex>, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2021, volumul de trafic care trece prin sistemele SDN ale centrelor de date va cre\u0219te de mai mult de dou\u0103 ori: de la 3,1 zettabytes la 7,4 zettabytes. De exemplu, Fujitsu\u00a0integrarea cu Mastodon, ceea ce a determinat reac\u021bii mixte din partea utilizatorilor. Din fericire, a\u0219a cum este specificat \u00een software-ul liber, aceasta este op\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i se decide de c\u0103tre administratorul serverului.<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0folose\u0219te tehnologia SDN \u00een sute de centre de date, situate \u00een diferite col\u021buri ale lumii. Utilizeaz\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> re\u021belele definite prin software \u0219i unul dintre furnizorii locali de cloud din SUA.<\/p>\n

Exper\u021bii de la IDC se a\u0219teapt\u0103 ca pia\u021ba SDN s\u0103 continue s\u0103 evolueze. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2021, valoarea acesteia va atinge<\/a><\/noindex> 13 miliarde de dolari, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 \u00een 2017 a fost evaluat\u0103 la 6 miliarde.<\/p>\n

Trecerea la ma\u0219ini virtuale<\/h2>\n

\nPopularitatea virtualiz\u0103rii \u00een ultimii ani este asociat\u0103 cu dezvoltarea unei multitudini de instrumente care automatizeaz\u0103 gestionarea VM \u0219i cresc accesibilitatea acestora.<\/p>\n

Instrumentele de automatizare sunt oferite \u0219i de provideri IaaS. De exemplu, noi la 1cloud oferim<\/a><\/noindex> o interfa\u021b\u0103 de programare care permite ridicarea unei noi ma\u0219ini virtuale \u00een c\u00e2teva minute. De asemenea, exist\u0103 posibilitatea de a gestiona infrastructura prin API<\/a><\/noindex>De exemplu, pute\u021bi configura oprirea ma\u0219inilor virtuale conform unui program stabilit, pentru a nu pl\u0103ti pentru func\u021bionarea lor \u00ab\u00een gol\u00bb. API-ul poate fi folosit, de asemenea, pentru a modifica num\u0103rul de nuclee \u0219i volumul de memorie RAM.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"Cum
\n\/ Pixabay<\/a><\/noindex> \/ PD<\/i><\/p>\n

Sistemele de gestionare a solu\u021biilor de virtualizare evolueaz\u0103 c\u0103tre utilizarea tehnologiilor de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare automat\u0103, care distribuie automat sarcina \u00eentre VM-uri. De exemplu, aceast\u0103 func\u021bionalitate este disponibil\u0103 \u00een solu\u021bia<\/a><\/noindex> pentru medii virtuale VMware NSX. Aceasta ajut\u0103 deja furnizorii IaaS s\u0103 distribuie sarcina \u00een medii multicloud \u0219i hibride.<\/p>\n

Implementa\u021bi sistemele DCIM<\/h2>\n

\nSolu\u021biile DCIM (Managementul Infrastructurii Data Center) sunt software care monitorizeaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea sistemelor ingineresti ale centrului de date: consumul de energie al serverelor, stocatoarelor, routerelor, distribuitoarelor de energie, nivelul umidit\u0103\u021bii etc. Aceste sisteme exist\u0103 \u00een centrele de date Dataspace \u0219i Xelent, unde 1cloud \u00ee\u0219i plaseaz\u0103 echipamentele.<\/p>\n

\u00cen primul caz, sistemul DCIM gestioneaz\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> alimentarea electric\u0103 \u0219i ap\u0103, climatizarea serverelor \u0219i supravegherea video \u00een \u00eentreaga cl\u0103dire. \u00cen cel de-al doilea caz, acesta stabilizeaz\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> tensiunea de ie\u0219ire din re\u021beaua electric\u0103, protej\u00e2nd serverele \u0219i elimin\u00e2nd micro \u00eentreruperile.<\/p>\n

\"Cum<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ Un tur foto extins al cloud-ului moscovit 1cloud<\/a><\/noindex> pe Habr<\/i><\/p>\n

Acest domeniu a fost, de asemenea, atins de sistemele de inteligen\u021b\u0103 artificial\u0103. Algoritmii inteligen\u021bi prezic defec\u021biunile serverelor, analiz\u00e2nd \u201ecomportamentul\u201d acestora. De exemplu, compania Litbit lucreaz\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> lucreaz\u0103 cu tehnologia Dac. Sistemul monitorizeaz\u0103 starea echipamentului folosind senzori instala\u021bi \u00een sala de ma\u0219ini. Ei analizeaz\u0103 frecven\u021bele ultrasonice \u0219i vibra\u021biile podelei.<\/p>\n

Pe baza acestor date, Dac identific\u0103 anomaliile \u0219i determin\u0103 dac\u0103 echipamentele func\u021bioneaz\u0103 corect. Dac\u0103 apar defec\u021biuni, sistemul notific\u0103 operatorii centrului de date sau deconecteaz\u0103 singur serverele defecte.<\/p>\n

Deocamdat\u0103, aceste tehnologii nu sunt foarte r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite, dar \u00een ultima vreme \u0219i-au \u00eent\u0103rit semnificativ pozi\u021biile. Potrivit previziunilor anali\u0219tilor,<\/a><\/noindex>\u00een 2022, volumul pie\u021bei DCIM va ajunge la 8 miliarde de dolari, ceea ce va dep\u0103\u0219i de dou\u0103 ori indicatorii din 2017. \u00cen cur\u00e2nd, aceste solu\u021bii vor \u00eencepe s\u0103 apar\u0103 \u00een toate centrele de date mari.<\/p>\n

Resursele \u0219i sursele noastre suplimentare:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Cum JMAP \u2014 protocolul deschis va \u00eenlocui IMAP \u00een schimbul mesajelor electronice<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"Cum Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 un centru de date \u0219i ce este necesar pentru operarea lui?<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Cum Op\u021biunile de organizare a infrastructurii IT: \u00een birou, centru de date \u0219i cloud<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Cum Evolu\u021bia arhitecturii cloud 1cloud<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"Cum Mituri despre tehnologiile cloud \u2013 partea 1<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Cum Cum s\u0103 reduci cheltuielile pentru infrastructura cloud prin API<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Cum Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 la noi: un rezumat de la 1cloud<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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