{"id":35395,"date":"2019-10-31T22:04:04","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:04:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-operatsionnoj-sistemy-dragonfly-bsd-5-6\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:04:04","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:04:04","slug":"reliz-operatsionnoj-sistemy-dragonfly-bsd-5-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-operatsionnoj-sistemy-dragonfly-bsd-5-6","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea sistemului de operare DragonFly BSD 5.6","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/release56\/\">Disponibil<\/a><\/noindex>  lansare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/\">DragonFlyBSD 5.6<\/a><\/noindex>, un sistem de operare cu un nucleu hibrid, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=2717\">creat<\/a><\/noindex> \u00een 2003 cu scopul de a dezvolta alternativ ramura FreeBSD 4.x. Printre caracteristicile DragonFly BSD se num\u0103r\u0103 sistemul de fi\u0219iere distribuit \u0219i versionat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.opennet.ru\/HAMMER\">HAMMER<\/a><\/noindex>, suportul pentru \u00eenc\u0103rcarea nucleelor \u201evirtuale\u201d ale sistemului ca procese utilizator, capacitatea de a le cachea datele \u0219i metadatele FS pe unit\u0103\u021bi SSD, lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare linkurile simbolice variabile de context, posibilitatea de a \u00eenghe\u021ba procesele p\u0103str\u00e2ndu-le starea pe disc, un nucleu hibrid care folose\u0219te fire u\u0219oare (LWKT). <\/p>\n<p>Principalele <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/release56\/\">\u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri<\/a><\/noindex>, ad\u0103ugate \u00een DragonFlyBSD 5.6:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost modernizat sistemul de gestionare a memoriei virtuale. Multe subsisteme legate de memoria virtual\u0103 \u0219i PMAP au fost rescrise.<br \/>\n\u00cen multe locuri, codul a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit prin eliminarea blocajelor, inclusiv \u00een func\u021biile m_page_wakeup, vm_hold \u0219i vm_unhold. Eficien\u021ba utiliz\u0103rii cache-ului procesorului a fost crescut\u0103 prin reducerea migra\u021biei obiectelor VM \u00eentre nucleele CPU \u0219i diminuarea supracosturilor la procesarea excep\u021biilor (page-fault) pentru zonele de memorie partajate. Algoritmul de alocare a paginilor de memorie a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. S-au eliminat \u00eent\u00e2rzierile \u00een func\u021bia vm_page_alloc(). A fost ad\u0103ugat API-ul vm_page_hash*(), care permite executarea select\u0103rii f\u0103r\u0103 blocaje.<\/p>\n<p>Rezultatul este o cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/lists.dragonflybsd.org\/pipermail\/users\/2019-June\/358196.html\">a performan\u021bei<\/a><\/noindex>. De exemplu,<br \/>\n\u00een testul buildkernel, timpul de execu\u021bie al opera\u021biunilor pe partea nucleului a fost redus cu 40%. Capacitatea de procesare a crescut cu 7% folosind CPU din familia Haswell \u0219i cu 14% pentru Xeon. \u00cen testul SELF-EXEC S\/DI comparativ cu versiunea anterioar\u0103, s-a observat o cre\u0219tere a performan\u021bei cu 23% pentru Haswell \u0219i 18% pentru Xeon. \u00cen testul<br \/>\nSELF-EXEC S\/S, respectiv 28% \u0219i 71%, \u00een SELF-EXEC D\/DI \u2014 23% \u0219i 242% (datorit\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birii performan\u021bei multi-threading), \u00een SELF-EXEC D\/SH cu 24% \u0219i 234%, \u00een FAULTZF cu 17% \u0219i 14%, \u00een DOCOMP cu 22% \u0219i 42%,<br \/>\n\u00een NATIVEKERNEL de 5.1% \u0219i 8.1%;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Driverul DRM \u0219i managerul de gestionare a memoriei video TTM pentru pl\u0103cile grafice AMD au fost actualizate semnificativ. A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru noile APU Ryzen. Suportul pentru frame buffer-ul UEFI a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. \u00cen radeon\/ttm a fost eliminat\u0103 interblocarea care afecta negativ performan\u021ba. A fost efectuat un refactoring al \u00eent\u00e2rzierilor \u00een procesul de \u00eenc\u0103rcare pentru a evita conflictele \u00eentre driverul i915 \u0219i serverul X. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 apelarea DRM_IOCTL_GET_PCIINFO pentru a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi suportul mesa\/libdrm. Au fost corectate multe erori \u0219i neconformit\u0103\u021bi;\n<li class=\"l\"> Codul de sincronizare pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere HAMMER2 a fost ref\u0103cut, ceea ce a permis o cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 a performan\u021bei acestui FS. De asemenea, a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 performan\u021ba opera\u021biunilor de scriere secven\u021bial\u0103.<br \/>\nPentru a cre\u0219te rezisten\u021ba la pr\u0103bu\u0219iri, a fost ad\u0103ugat un mecanism de urm\u0103rire a dependen\u021belor pentru a preveni \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea directoarelor\/fi\u0219ierelor \u00een timpul opera\u021biunilor de creare, redenumire sau \u0219tergere. Codul pentru lucru cu instantanee a fost reproiectat pentru a reduce \u00eent\u00e2rzierile \u0219i a asigura coeren\u021ba instantan\u021bei. Procesarea opera\u021biunilor simultane de scriere \u0219i flush pe disc a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103. Implementarea opera\u021biei umount a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103. Informa\u021biile despre \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103rile integrit\u0103\u021bii (eroare CRC) au fost f\u0103cute mai informative.<\/p>\n<p>HAMMER2 este recomadat ca sistem de fi\u0219iere r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 implicit. Suportul pentru clustering nu este \u00eenc\u0103 disponibil. FS HAMMER2 se remarc\u0103 prin func\u021bii precum montarea separat\u0103 a instantaneelor, instantanee disponibile pentru scriere, cote la nivel de directoare, mirrorizare incremental\u0103, suport pentru diferite algoritmi de comprimare a datelor, mirrorizare multi-master cu distribuirea datelor pe mai multe gazde. <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Suportul ini\u021bial pentru subsistemul FUSE pentru crearea sistemelor de fi\u0219iere \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului a fost ad\u0103ugat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Performan\u021ba filtrului de pachete PF pe sistemele multi-core a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat suportul pentru mecanismele de protec\u021bie SMAP (Supervisor Mode Access Prevention) \u0219i SMEP (Supervisor Mode Execution Prevention) atunci c\u00e2nd acestea sunt suportate de CPU. SMAP permite blocarea accesului la datele din spa\u021biul utilizatorului din codul privilegiat executat \u00een modul kernel. SMEP \u00eempiedic\u0103 trecerea din modul kernel la execu\u021bia codului aflat \u00een nivelul utilizatorului, ceea ce permite blocarea exploat\u0103rii multor vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi \u00een kernel (codul shell nu va fi executat, deoarece se afl\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului).\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat cod pentru blocarea  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50684\">atacurilor<\/a><\/noindex> clasa MDS (Microarchitectural Data Sampling) \u00een procesoarele Intel. Este necesar\u0103 actualizarea microcodului. Implicit, protec\u021bia este dezactivat\u0103 \u0219i poate fi activat\u0103 prin 'sysctl machdep.mds_mitigation=MD_CLEAR'. Activarea acesteia duce la o \u00eent\u00e2rziere suplimentar\u0103 de 250ns la schimbarea contextului \u00eentre spa\u021biul utilizatorului \u0219i nucleu;\n<li class=\"l\"> Kernelul este compilat \u00een mod implicit cu protec\u021bia retpoline \u00eempotriva atacurilor Spectre.\n<li class=\"l\"> Multe utilitare din sistemul de baz\u0103 au fost migrate la utilizarea LibreSSL;\n<li class=\"l\"> Versiunile componentelor ter\u021be au fost actualizate, inclusiv xz 5.2.4,<br \/>\n    libarchive 3.3.3, libressl 2.9.1, openssh 8.0, ldns 1.7.0,<br \/>\nlibedit 2019-03-24. Au fost transferate din FreeBSD evdev, makefs, ministat, libfetch,<br \/>\ndd. Din OpenBSD \u00een libc au fost migrate apelurile reallocarray(), timing_safe*(), freezero(), dup3(), recallocarray(), aligned_alloc(), explicit_bzero(). \u00cen mod implicit, pentru construc\u021bie este utilizat compilatorul gcc-8 \u00een loc de gcc-5.<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50887\">opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 DragonFlyBSD 5.6, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 2003 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 FreeBSD 4.x. \u0418\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 DragonFly BSD \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 HAMMER, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 &#171;\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445&#187; \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0424\u0421 \u043d\u0430 SSD-\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 DragonFlyBSD 5.6, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-operatsionnoj-sistemy-dragonfly-bsd-5-6\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2.1\" 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