{"id":37708,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:14","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:14","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:14","slug":"frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/frejmvork-dlya-napisaniya-zashhishhyonnyh-drajverov-dlya-yadra-linux-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Cadru pentru scrierea drivere-lor securizate pentru kernelul Linux \u00een limbajul Rust","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Josh Triplett, care lucreaz\u0103 la Intel \u0219i face parte din comitetul care supravegheaz\u0103 dezvoltarea Crates.io, a declarat la conferin\u021ba Open Source Technology Summit a prezentat<\/a><\/noindex> un grup de lucru destinat aducerii limbajului Rust la paritate cu limbajul C \u00een domeniul program\u0103rii sistemice. <\/p>\n

\u00cen grupul de lucru aflat \u00een proces de creare, dezvoltatorii Rust colaboreaz\u0103 cu inginerii de la Intel pentru a preg\u0103ti specifica\u021bii care definesc func\u021bionalitatea ce trebuie implementat\u0103 \u00een Rust pentru programarea de sistem. Programarea de sistem necesit\u0103 adesea manipul\u0103ri la nivel sc\u0103zut, cum ar fi executarea instruc\u021biunilor privilegiate ale procesorului \u0219i ob\u021binerea de informa\u021bii detaliate despre starea procesorului. Dintre func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile deja \u00een curs de dezvoltare pentru Rust se num\u0103r\u0103 suportul pentru structuri anonime, uniuni (union), inser\u021bii \u00een assembler (macro-ul «asm!») \u0219i formatul de numere cu virgul\u0103 mobil\u0103 BFLOAT16.<\/p>\n

Josh consider\u0103 c\u0103 viitorul program\u0103rii sistemice apar\u021bine Rust, iar limbajul C, \u00een realit\u0103\u021bile contemporane, aspir\u0103 la locul pe care \u00een anii trecu\u021bi \u00eel ocupa Asamblorul. Rust
\nnu doar c\u0103 \u00eei scute\u0219te pe dezvoltatori de problemele \u00eent\u00e2mpinate \u00een limbajul C datorit\u0103 manipul\u0103rii de nivel sc\u0103zut a memoriei, dar ofer\u0103 \u0219i oportunit\u0103\u021bi de aplicare \u00een dezvoltarea paradigmelor moderne de programare.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cursul discu\u021bii<\/a><\/noindex> a discursului
\nJosh a propus ad\u0103ugarea \u00een nucleul Linux a posibilit\u0103\u021bii de a dezvolta drivere \u00een limbajul Rust, ceea ce va permite crearea de drivere sigure \u0219i de calitate superioar\u0103 cu un efort minim, f\u0103r\u0103 probleme precum accesul la zone de memorie dup\u0103 ce aceasta a fost eliberat\u0103, dereferirea pointerilor nuli \u0219i dep\u0103\u0219irea limitelor buffer-ului. <\/p>\n

Greg Kroah-Hartman, responsabil pentru suportul versiunii stabile a nucleului Linux, a exprimat disponibilitatea de a ad\u0103uga un cadru pentru dezvoltarea driverelor \u00een limbajul Rust \u00een nucleu, dac\u0103 acesta va avea avantaje reale comparativ cu C, de exemplu, va oferi leg\u0103turi sigure peste API-ul nucleului. \u00cen plus, Greg consider\u0103 c\u0103 acest cadru ar trebui s\u0103 fie o op\u021biune, nu activ\u0103 din start, pentru a nu include Rust \u00een lista dependen\u021belor de compilare ale nucleului.<\/p>\n

S-a constatat c\u0103 mai multe echipe lucreaz\u0103 deja \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie. De exemplu, dezvoltatorii de la «Fish in a Barrel» au preg\u0103tit<\/a><\/noindex> Instrumente pentru scrierea modulelor \u00eenc\u0103rcabile pentru kernelul Linux \u00een limbajul Rust, folosind un set de straturi abstracte peste interfe\u021bele \u0219i structurile kernelului pentru a spori securitatea. Straturile sunt generate automat pe baza fi\u0219ierelor de antet existente ale kernelului cu ajutorul utilitarului bindgen<\/a><\/noindex>. Pentru compilarea stratelor se folose\u0219te Clang. Modulele compilate, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 straturi, utilizeaz\u0103 pachetul staticlib.<\/p>\n

Paralel se dezvolt\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> un alt proiect, concentrat pe dezvoltarea driverelor pentru sisteme \u00eencorporate \u0219i dispozitive de internet al lucrurilor, care utilizeaz\u0103, de asemenea, bindgen pentru a genera straturi bazate pe fi\u0219ierele de antet ale nucleului. Framework-ul permite \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea securit\u0103\u021bii driverelor f\u0103r\u0103 a modifica nucleul \u2014 \u00een loc s\u0103 creeze niveluri suplimentare de izolare pentru drivere \u00een nucleu, se propune blocarea problemelor \u00een etapa de compilare, aplic\u00e2nd un limbaj mai sigur, Rust. Se presupune c\u0103 o astfel de abordare ar putea fi solicitat\u0103 de c\u0103tre produc\u0103torii de hardware care dezvolt\u0103 drivere proprietare \u00eentr-un timp scurt, f\u0103r\u0103 a efectua un audit adecvat.<\/p>\n

Nu toat\u0103 func\u021bionalitatea planificat\u0103 este implementat\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103, dar framework-ul este deja suficient de util pentru a fi folosit \u0219i a fost utilizat pentru a scrie un driver de lucru pentru controlerul Ethernet LAN9512 USB, livrat pe placa Raspberry Pi 3. Ca implementare de referin\u021b\u0103 pentru scrierea driverului \u00een Rust a fost utilizat driverul existent smsc95xx, scris \u00een limbajul C. Se observ\u0103 c\u0103 dimensiunea modulului \u0219i costurile de runtime ale componentelor \u00een dezvoltarea driverului \u00een Rust sunt insignifiante, ceea ce permite utilizarea framework-ului pentru dispozitive cu resurse limitate.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Sursa: opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u0436\u043e\u0448 \u0422\u0440\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442 (Josh Triplett), \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Intel \u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 Crates.io, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Open Source Technology Summit \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Rust \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 Rust \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Framework pentru scrierea driverelor securizate pentru kernelul Linux \u00een limbajul Rust | ProHoster","description":"Josh Triplett, care lucreaz\u0103 la Intel \u0219i face parte din comitetul care coordoneaz\u0103 dezvoltarea Crates.io, \u00een cadrul prezent\u0103rii sale la conferin\u021ba Open Source Technology 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