{"id":38151,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-3\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:56","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:56","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-3","title":{"rendered":"Lansarea nucleului Linux 5.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dup\u0103 dou\u0103 luni de dezvoltare, Linus Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/9\/15\/241\">a prezentat<\/a><\/noindex> lansarea nucleului <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/\">Linux 5.3<\/a><\/noindex>. Printre cele mai notabile modific\u0103ri se num\u0103r\u0103: suport pentru GPU AMD Navi, procesoare Zhaoxi \u0219i tehnologia de gestionare a consumului de energie Intel Speed Select, posibilitatea de a utiliza instruc\u021biuni umwait pentru a a\u0219tepta f\u0103r\u0103 a folosi cicluri,<br \/>\nmodul interactivitar\u0103 'utilization clamping' pentru CPU asimetrici, apel de sistem pidfd_open, posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii adreselor IPv4 din subre\u021beaua 0.0.0.0\/8, posibilitatea acceler\u0103rii hardware pentru nftables, suport HDR \u00een subsistemul DRM, integrarea hipervizorului ACRN.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/9\/15\/2\">anun\u021b<\/a><\/noindex> noua versiune a lui Linus le-a reamintit tuturor dezvoltatorilor despre regula principal\u0103 \u00een dezvoltarea kernel-ului \u2014 men\u021binerea comportamentului neschimbat pentru componentele din spa\u021biul utilizatorului. Schimb\u0103rile din kernel nu trebuie s\u0103 afecteze \u00een niciun fel aplica\u021biile deja func\u021bionale \u0219i s\u0103 conduc\u0103 la regresii la nivelul utilizatorului. \u00cenc\u0103lcarea comportamentului poate fi cauzat\u0103 nu doar de modificarea ABI, eliminarea codului vechi sau apari\u021bia de erori, ci \u0219i de influen\u021ba indirect\u0103 a actualiz\u0103rilor utile corect func\u021bionale. Ca exemplu relevant a fost <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=72dbcf72156641fde4d8ea401e977341bfd35a05\">respins\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> o optimizare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=b03755ad6f33b7b8cd7312a3596a2dbf496de6e7\">util\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> \u00een codul Ext4, care reduce num\u0103rul de acces\u0103ri la stocare prin dezactivarea citirii anticipative a tabelului inode pentru cereri mici de intrare\/ie\u0219ire. <\/p>\n<p>Optimizarea a condus la faptul c\u0103, din cauza reducerii activit\u0103\u021bii de disc, entropia pentru generatorul de numere aleatoare getrandom() a \u00eenceput s\u0103 se acumuleze mai lent \u0219i, \u00een anumite configura\u021bii, \u00een condi\u021bii specifice, puteau ap\u0103rea bloc\u0103ri \u00een timpul \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd pu\u0219ca de entropie era plin\u0103. Deoarece optimizarea este \u00eentr-adev\u0103r util\u0103, a ap\u0103rut o discu\u021bie printre dezvoltatori, \u00een care s-a propus rezolvarea problemei prin dezactivarea modului blocant pentru apelul getrandom() ca setare implicit\u0103, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd un indicator op\u021bional pentru a a\u0219tepta entropia, dar o astfel de modificare ar afecta calitatea numerelor aleatoare \u00een stadiile ini\u021biale de \u00eenc\u0103rcare.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen noua versiune au fost acceptate 15794 de corecturi de la 1974 de dezvoltatori,<br \/>\ndimensiunea patch-ului \u2014 92 MB (modific\u0103rile au afectat 13986 de fi\u0219iere, au fost ad\u0103ugate 258419 de linii de cod,<br \/>\ns-au eliminat 599137 de linii). Aproximativ 39% din toate modific\u0103rile incluse \u00een 5.3<br \/>\nsunt legate de driverele de dispozitive, aproximativ 12% din modific\u0103ri au<br \/>\nleg\u0103tur\u0103 cu actualizarea codului specific arhitecturii hardware, 11%<br \/>\nsunt legate de stiva de re\u021bea, 3% \u2014 de sistemele de fi\u0219iere \u0219i 3% de subsistemele interne<br \/>\ninterne ale nucleului.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.3\">Principalele<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/793629\/\">nout\u0103\u021bi<\/a><\/noindex>:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Memorie \u0219i servicii de sistem<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a continuat dezvoltarea func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii 'pidfd', care ajut\u0103 la gestionarea situa\u021biilor de reutilizare a PID-ului (pidfd este legat de un proces specific \u0219i nu se schimb\u0103, \u00een timp ce PID-ul poate fi asociat cu un alt proces dup\u0103 \u00eencheierea procesului curent asociat cu acest PID). Anterior \u00een kernel a fost deja ad\u0103ugat<br \/>\ncu apelul de sistem pidfd_send_signal() \u0219i cu flagul CLONE_PIDFD \u00een apelul clone(), care permite ob\u021binerea pidfd pentru utilizare \u00een idfd_send_signal(). Atunci c\u00e2nd se folose\u0219te apelul clone() cu flagul CLONE_PIDFD, puteau ap\u0103rea probleme cu managerii de servicii sau cu sistemul de \u00eenchidere for\u021bat\u0103 a proceselor \u00een cazul lipsei de memorie pe platforma Android. \u00cen acest caz, se folose\u0219te apelul fork() sau clone() f\u0103r\u0103 CLONE_PIDFD. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen kernel-ul 5.3 a fost introdus apelul de sistem <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/789023\/\">pidfd_open()<\/a><\/noindex>, care permite ob\u021binerea unui pidfd valid pentru un proces existent, creat f\u0103r\u0103 apelul clone() cu flagul CLONE_PIDFD. De asemenea, s-a ad\u0103ugat suport pentru polling-ul pidfd prin poll() \u0219i epoll(), ceea ce permite managerilor de procese s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 finalizarea proceselor, f\u0103r\u0103 a se teme de starea de competi\u021bie \u00een cazul \u00een care PID-ul este atribuit unui nou proces. Mecanismul de notificare a finaliz\u0103rii unui proces legat de pidfd este similar cu informarea despre finalizarea propriului s\u0103u proces copil;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\">\u00cen programatorul de sarcini a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru mecanismul de restr\u00e2ngere a utiliz\u0103rii (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/762043\/\">Utilization clamping<\/a><\/noindex>), care permite respectarea unui interval minim sau maxim de frecven\u021be, \u00een func\u021bie de sarcinile active pe CPU. Mecanismul prezentat accelereaz\u0103 sarcinile care influen\u021beaz\u0103 direct calitatea interac\u021biunii cu utilizatorul, prin lansarea acestor sarcini la cel pu\u021bin limita inferioar\u0103 a 'frecven\u021bei solicitate'. Sarcinile cu prioritate mic\u0103, care nu afecteaz\u0103 activitatea utilizatorului, sunt lansate folosind limita superioar\u0103 a 'frecven\u021bei permise'. Limitele sunt stabilite prin atributele sched_uclamp_util_min \u0219i sched_uclamp_util_max \u00een apelul de sistem sched_setattr().\n<li class=\"l\"> S-a ad\u0103ugat suport pentru tehnologia de gestionare a consumului de energie <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/speed-select-technology-article.html\">Intel Speed Select<\/a><\/noindex>, disponibil\u0103 pe unele servere cu procesoare Intel Xeon. Tehnologia men\u021bionat\u0103 permite configurarea performan\u021bei \u0219i l\u0103\u021bimii de band\u0103 a sec\u021biunilor pentru diferite nuclee CPU, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 se prioritizeze performan\u021ba pentru sarcinile executate pe nuclee specifice, sacrific\u00e2nd performan\u021ba pe alte nuclee;\n<li class=\"l\"> Proceselor \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/790920\/\">a fost oferit\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> posibilitatea de a a\u0219tepta pentru o perioad\u0103 scurt\u0103 de timp f\u0103r\u0103 a folosi bucle prin instruc\u021biunea umwait. Aceast\u0103 instruc\u021biune, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu instruc\u021biunile umonitor \u0219i tpause, va fi disponibil\u0103 \u00een cipurile Intel 'Tremont' aflate \u00een curs de lansare \u0219i va permite implementarea \u00eent\u00e2rzierilor eficiente din punct de vedere al consumului de energie \u0219i care nu afecteaz\u0103 performan\u021ba altor fire de execu\u021bie utiliz\u00e2nd Hyper Threading;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru arhitectura RISC-V a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru pagini mari de memorie (huge pages);\n<li class=\"l\"> Mecanismul de trasare &#171;kprobes&#187; a fost extins cu posibilitatea de dereferenciere a pointerilor kernel \u00een spa\u021biul utilizatorului, ceea ce poate fi utilizat, de exemplu, pentru evaluarea con\u021binutului structurilor transmise prin apelurile sistemului. De asemenea, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a stabili verific\u0103ri \u00een etapa de \u00eenc\u0103rcare.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen fi\u0219ierul de configurare a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 op\u021biunea PREEMPT_RT pentru func\u021bionarea \u00een mod real. Codul pentru suportul modului real nu a fost deocamdat\u0103 ad\u0103ugat \u00een kernel, dar apari\u021bia op\u021biunii este un semn bun c\u0103 epopeea de lung\u0103 durat\u0103 a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=43094\">posibilitatea<\/a><\/noindex> patch-urilor Realtime-Preempt se apropie de final;\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat apelul de sistem clone3() cu implementarea unei variante mai extensibile a interfe\u021bei clone(), care permite specificarea unui num\u0103r mai mare de m\u0103rci;\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat handlerul bpf_send_signal(), permi\u021b\u00e2nd programelor BPF s\u0103 trimit\u0103 semnale c\u0103tre procese arbitrare;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru evenimentele perf \u00een mediu de hypervizor KVM a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o nou\u0103 mecanism de filtrare a evenimentelor, permi\u021b\u00e2nd administratorului s\u0103 defineasc\u0103 tipurile de evenimente acceptate sau nu acceptate pentru monitorizare pe partea sistemului gazd\u0103;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen mecanismul de verificare a aplica\u021biilor eBPF a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 capacitatea de a procesa programe cu bucle, dac\u0103 execu\u021bia buclei este limitat\u0103 \u0219i nu poate duce la dep\u0103\u0219irea limitei maxime a num\u0103rului de instruc\u021biuni;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Subsistemul de disc, I\/O \u0219i sistemele de fi\u0219iere<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru sistemul de fi\u0219iere XFS a fost implementat\u0103 capacitatea de parcurgere a inode-urilor \u00een mod multiplu (de exemplu, \u00een timpul verific\u0103rii cotelor). S-au ad\u0103ugat noi ioctl BULKSTAT \u0219i INUMBERS, care ofer\u0103 acces la func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile introduse \u00een cea de-a cincea edi\u021bie a formatului FS, cum ar fi timpul de creare a inode-ului \u0219i posibilitatea specific\u0103rii parametrilor BULKSTAT \u0219i INUMBERS pentru fiecare grup AG (Allocation Groups);\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Ext4 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=4e19d6b65fb4fc42e352ce9883649e049da14743\">s-a ad\u0103ugat suport pentru<\/a><\/noindex>  spa\u021bii goale \u00een directoare (blocuri neasociate).<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=02b016ca7f99229ae6227e7b2fc950c4e140d74a\">S-a asigurat procesarea<\/a><\/noindex> flagra &#171;i&#187; (immutable) pentru fi\u0219ierele deschise (interdic\u021bia de scriere \u00een situa\u021bia \u00een care flagul a fost setat \u00een momentul \u00een care fi\u0219ierul era deja deschis);<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Btrfs s-a asigurat determinarea unei realiz\u0103ri rapide crc32c pe toate arhitecturile;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen CIFS, eticheta pentru suportul smbdirect a fost eliminat\u0103 din codul de dezvoltare experimental. \u00cen SMB3 s-a ad\u0103ugat posibilitatea utiliz\u0103rii algoritmilor criptografici \u00een modul GCM. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o nou\u0103 op\u021biune de montare pentru extragerea parametrilor modului din \u00eenregistr\u0103rile ACE (Access Control Entry). S-a optimizat performan\u021ba apelului open();\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen F2FS a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o op\u021biune pentru limitarea colectorului de gunoi \u00een modul checkpoint=disable. A fost ad\u0103ugat ioctl pentru eliminarea intervalelor de blocuri din F2FS, ceea ce permite ajustarea dimensiunii parti\u021biei \u00een mod dinamic. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a plasa un fi\u0219ier de schimb \u00een F2FS cu asigurarea unui input\/output direct. Pentru to\u021bi utilizatorii s-a ad\u0103ugat suport pentru fixarea fi\u0219ierului \u0219i alocarea blocurilor pentru astfel de fi\u0219iere;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen interfa\u021ba pentru input\/output asincron io_uring a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru opera\u021biuni asincrone sendmsg() \u0219i recvmsg();\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen sistemul de fi\u0219iere UBIFS a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru compresia utiliz\u00e2nd algoritmul zstd \u0219i posibilitatea de verificare a imaginilor FS semnate;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen FS Ceph a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru etichetele de securitate SELinux pentru fi\u0219iere;\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru NFSv4 a fost implementat\u0103 o nou\u0103 op\u021biune de montare &#171;nconnect=&#187;, care define\u0219te num\u0103rul de conexiuni stabilite cu serverul. Traficul \u00eentre aceste conexiuni va fi distribuit folosind echilibrarea sarcinii. \u00cen plus, serverul NFSv4 creeaz\u0103 acum un director \\\/proc\\\/fs\\\/nfsd\\\/clients cu informa\u021bii despre clien\u021bii curen\u021bi, inclusiv detalii despre fi\u0219ierele deschise de ace\u0219tia;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizare \u0219i securitate<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen miezul kernel-ului a fost inclus un hipervizor pentru dispozitive \u00eencorporate <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51399\">ACRN<\/a><\/noindex>, care este scris av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere preg\u0103tirea pentru \u00eendeplinirea sarcinilor \u00een timp real \u0219i adecvarea utiliz\u0103rii \u00een sisteme critice. ACRN asigur\u0103 cheltuieli minime, garanteaz\u0103 laten\u021be sc\u0103zute \u0219i o reac\u021bie adecvat\u0103 \u00een interac\u021biunea cu hardware-ul. Este suportat\u0103 virtualizarea resurselor CPU,  intr\u0103rilor\/ie\u0219irilor, subsistemului re\u021belei, opera\u021biunilor grafice \u0219i audio. ACRN poate fi utilizat pentru a rula mai multe ma\u0219ini virtuale izolate \u00een module electronice de control, panouri de instrumente, sisteme informa\u021bionale auto, dispozitive IoT de consum \u0219i alte echipamente integrate;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen User-mode Linux <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/065038706f77\">ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> modul &#171;c\u0103l\u0103toriei \u00een timp&#187;, care permite \u00eencetinirea sau accelerarea timpului \u00een mediul virtual UML pentru a simplifica depanarea codului legat de timp. De asemenea, a fost ad\u0103ugat un parametru<br \/>\ntime-travel-start, care permite ini\u021bierea ceasurilor sistemului dintr-un anumit moment \u00een format epoch;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate noi op\u021biuni pentru linia de comand\u0103 a kernelului &#171;init_on_alloc&#187; \u0219i &#171;init_on_free&#187;, prin specificarea c\u0103rora se activeaz\u0103 ini\u021bializarea zonelor de memorie alocate \u0219i eliberate (umplerea cu zerouri la malloc \u0219i free), ceea ce \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te securitatea prin costuri suplimentare de ini\u021bializare;\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat un nou driver  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/edcd69ab9a323b7ac7a86e1c44b6c9c46598391f\">virtio-iommu<\/a><\/noindex> , cu implementarea unui dispozitiv paravirtualizat care permite trimiterea cererilor IOMMU, cum ar fi ATTACH, DETACH, MAP \u0219i UNMAP, peste transportul virtio f\u0103r\u0103 a emula tabelele de pagini de memorie;\n<li class=\"l\">  A fost ad\u0103ugat un nou driver <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/6e84200c0a2994b991259d19450eee561029bf70\">virtio-pmem<\/a><\/noindex>, care ofer\u0103 acces la dispozitive de stocare reflectate \u00een spa\u021biul de adrese fizice, cum ar fi NVDIMM;\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost implementat\u0103 capacitatea de a atasa chei criptografice la spa\u021biile de nume utilizator sau re\u021bea (cheile devin indisponibile \u00een afara spa\u021biului de nume ales), precum \u0219i protec\u021bia cheilor prin ACL;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen subsistemul criptografic <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=67882e76492483bafa9b1b1648bb031e9abe5185\">a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru un algoritm foarte rapid de hashing non-criptografic <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Cyan4973\/xxHash\">xxhash<\/a><\/noindex>, viteza c\u0103ruia depinde de performan\u021ba memoriei;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Subsystema de re\u021bea<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost asigurat\u0103 procesarea adreselor IPv4 \u00een intervalul 0.0.0.0\/8, care anterior nu era disponibil pentru utilizare. Introducerea acestei subre\u021bele <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/dtaht\/unicast-extensions\">va permite<\/a><\/noindex> distribuirea a \u00eenc\u0103 16 milioane de adrese IPv4;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen Netfilter pentru nftables <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=c9626a2cbdb20e26587b3fad99960520a023432b\">a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru mecanisme de accelerare hardware a filtr\u0103rii pachetelor prin utilizarea celor ad\u0103ugate \u00een drivere <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=da3eeb904ff432ec22cf7b4db17a47647428873a\">Flux Block API<\/a><\/noindex>. Tabele complete de reguli cu toate lan\u021burile pot fi mutate pe partea adaptatoarelor de re\u021bea. Activarea se face prin asocierea semnului NFT_TABLE_F_HW la tabel. Sunt acceptate metadatele simple ale protocoalelor de niveluri 3 \u0219i 4, ac\u021biunile acceptare\/respingere, coresponden\u021ba pe IP \u0219i porturile re\u021belei ale expeditorului\/destinatarului \u0219i tipul de protocol;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=3c171f496ef57774f8e5d509923372549734877f\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> suport \u00eencorporat pentru urm\u0103rirea conexiunilor pentru podurile de re\u021bea, f\u0103r\u0103 a necesita utilizarea unui strat de emulare br_netfilter;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen nf_tables <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/ad49d86e07a497e834cb06f2b151dccd75f8e148\">a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru modulul SYNPROXY, care repet\u0103 func\u021bionalitatea similar\u0103 din iptables, precum \u0219i realizarea posibilit\u0103\u021bii de verificare \u00een reguli pe op\u021biuni separate din antetul IPv4;\n<li class=\"l\">  A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de a ata\u0219a programe BPF la apelurile de sistem setsockopt() \u0219i getsockopt(), ceea ce, de exemplu, permite ata\u0219area propriilor manipulatoare de acces la aceste apeluri. \u00cen plus, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o nou\u0103 punct de apel (hook), prin care se poate organiza apelul programului BPF o singur\u0103 dat\u0103 pentru fiecare interval RTT (round-trip-time, timpul de ping);\n<li class=\"l\"> Pentru IPv4 \u0219i IPv6 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ab84be7e54fc3d9b248285f1a14067558d858819\">ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> un nou mecanism de stocare a datelor de rutare nexthop, destinat cre\u0219terii scalabilit\u0103\u021bii tabelelor de rutare. Testele efectuate au ar\u0103tat c\u0103, folosind noul sistem, setul de 743 de mii de rute a fost \u00eenc\u0103rcat \u00een kernel \u00een doar 4.3 secunde;\n<li class=\"l\">  Pentru Bluetooth <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=302975cba1a4244d84e645773c82edbcfae1875f\">a fost implementat\u0103<\/a><\/noindex> func\u021bionalitatea necesar\u0103 pentru a suporta LE ping;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Echipament<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=761fdd5e3327db6c646a09bab5ad48cd42680cd2\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru procesoare compatibile x86 de la <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zhaoxin\">Zhaoxin<\/a><\/noindex>, dezvoltate \u00een urma unui proiect comun \u00eentre VIA Technologies \u0219i municipalitatea din Shanghai. Familia CPU ZX este construit\u0103 pe baza arhitecturii x86-64 Isaiah, continu\u00e2nd dezvoltarea tehnologiilor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Centaur_Technology\">VIA Centaur<\/a><\/noindex>;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen subsistemul DRM (Direct Rendering Manager), precum \u0219i \u00een driverii graficii amdgpu \u0219i i915, a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suport pentru analiza, procesarea \u0219i trimiterea prin portul HDMI a metadatelor HDR (gama dinamic\u0103 extins\u0103), permi\u021b\u00e2nd utilizarea panourilor HDR \u0219i a display-urilor capabile s\u0103 afi\u0219eze game suplimentare de luminozitate;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul amdgpu a fost ad\u0103ugat suport ini\u021bial pentru GPU AMD NAVI (RX5700), care include driverul de baz\u0103, codul pentru interac\u021biunea cu display-urile (DCN2), suport pentru GFX \u0219i calcule (GFX10),<br \/>\nSDMA 5 (System DMA0), instrumente de gestionare a energiei \u0219i codificatoare\/decodificatoare multimedia (VCN2). De asemenea, \u00een amdgpu a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit suportul pentru pl\u0103cile bazate pe GPU Vega12 \u0219i Vega20, pentru care au fost ad\u0103ugate func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bi suplimentare de gestionare a memoriei \u0219i consumului de energie;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul amdkfd (pentru GPU-uri discrete, cum ar fi Fiji, Tonga, Polaris) a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 suportul pentru pl\u0103cile bazate pe GPU VegaM;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul DRM pentru GPU-urile Intel pentru cipurile Icelake <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=02ae8ba9664081a74cafe6662e64b3d7b8b292e6\">a fost implementat<\/a><\/noindex> un nou mod multisegment de corec\u021bie gamma. A fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 posibilitatea de ie\u0219ire prin DisplayPort \u00een format YCbCr4:2:0. Au fost ad\u0103ugate noi firmware-uri <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/01.org\/linuxgraphics\/downloads\/firmware\">GuC<\/a><\/noindex> pentru SKL, BXT, KBL, GLK \u0219i ICL. A fost implementat\u0103 posibilitatea de deconectare a aliment\u0103rii ecranului \u00een modul asincron. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=1215d28e722ce27172de7708ead6824fcfb19364\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> suport pentru salvarea \u0219i restaurarea contextului de randare pentru cipurile Ironlake (gen5) \u0219i gen4 (Broadwater &#8212; Cantiga), permi\u021b\u00e2nd restaurarea st\u0103rii GPU din spa\u021biul utilizatorului atunci c\u00e2nd se trece de la executarea unor opera\u021biuni de lot la altele;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul Nouveau a fost asigurat\u0103 identificarea chipset-ului NVIDIA Turing TU116;\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost extinse capacit\u0103\u021bile driverului DRM\/KMS pentru acceleratoarele opera\u021biunilor de ecran ARM Komeda (Mali D71), a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru scalare, separare\/fuzionare de straturi, rota\u021bie, scriere \u00eent\u00e2rziat\u0103, AFBC, SMMU \u0219i formate de codare a culorii Y0L2, P010, YUV420_8\/10BIT;\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul MSM a fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru seria A540 GPU Adreno, utilizat \u00een procesoarele Qualcomm, precum \u0219i suport pentru controllerul DSI MSM8998 pentru Snapdragon 835;\n<li class=\"l\"> Au fost ad\u0103ugate drivere pentru panourile LCD Samsung S6E63M0, Armadeus ST0700, EDT ETM0430G0DH6, OSD101T2045-53TS,<br \/>\nEvervision VGG804821, FriendlyELEC HD702E, KOE tx14d24vm1bpa, TFC S9700RTWV43TR-01B, EDT ET035012DM6 \u0219i VXT VL050-8048NT-C01;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=3e7f51bd96077acad6acd7b45668f65b44233c4e\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> driver pentru activarea mijloacelor de accelerare a decod\u0103rii<br \/>\nvideo, disponibile \u00een SoC Amlogic Meson;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cen driverul v3d (pentru GPU-ul Broadcom Video Core V, utilizat \u00een Raspberry Pi) a ap\u0103rut <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d223f98f02099b002903b9b22b56febae16ef80d\">suport pentru<\/a><\/noindex> dispeceratul shader-elor de calcul;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=038b1a05eae6666b731920e46f47d8e2332e07ff\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> driver pentru tastaturi SPI \u0219i trackpad-uri, utilizate \u00een modelele moderne de laptopuri Apple MacBook \u0219i MacBookPro;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/commit\/47d6a7607443ea43dbc4d0f371bf773540a8f8f4\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> protec\u021bie suplimentar\u0103 pentru apelurile ioctl, legate de driverul floppy, iar driverul \u00een sine este marcat ca fiind abandonat<br \/>\n(&#171;orphaned&#187;), ceea ce implic\u0103 \u00eencetarea test\u0103rii acestuia. Driverul r\u0103m\u00e2ne momentan \u00een kernel, dar func\u021bionarea corect\u0103 nu este garantat\u0103. Driverul este considerat dep\u0103\u0219it, deoarece este greu de g\u0103sit echipament func\u021bional pentru testarea acestuia &#8212; toate dispozitivele externe actuale, \u00een general, utilizeaz\u0103 interfa\u021ba USB. <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d3df18a97e586702920337056540267807b23f8e\">Ad\u0103ugat<\/a><\/noindex> driver cpufreq pentru pl\u0103cile Raspberry Pi, care permite gestionarea dinamic\u0103 a modific\u0103rii frecven\u021bei procesorului;\n<li class=\"l\"> A fost ad\u0103ugat suport pentru noi SoC ARM Mediatek mt8183 (4x Cortex-A73 + 4x Cortex-A53), TI J721E (2x Cortex-A72 + 3x Cortex-R5F + 3 DSP-uri + MMA) \u0219i Amlogic G12B (4x Cortex-A73 + 2x Cortex-A53), precum \u0219i pentru pl\u0103ci:\n<ul>\n<li>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51436\">Purism Librem5<\/a><\/noindex>,\n<li> Aspeed BMC,\n<li> Microsoft Olympus BMC,\n<li> Kontron SMARC,\n<li> Novtech Meerkat96 (i.MX7),\n<li> ST Micro Avenger96,\n<li> Google Cheza (Qualcomm SDM845),\n<li> Qualcomm Dragonboard 845c (Qualcomm SDM845),\n<li> Hugsun X99 TV Box (Rockchip RK3399),\n<li> Khadas Edge\/Edge-V\/Captain (Rockchip RK3399),\n<li> HiHope RZ\/G2M,\n<li> NXP LS1021A-TSN.\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, Fondul Latino-American pentru Software Liber <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">a formulat<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\no variant\u0103 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">nucleu complet liber 5.3<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.3-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.3-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, cur\u0103\u021bat de elemente ale firmware-ului \u0219i driverelor care con\u021bin componente sau sec\u021biuni de cod ne-libere, utilizarea c\u0103rora este limitat\u0103 de produc\u0103tor. \u00cen noua versiune, a fost dezactivat\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcarea blob-urilor \u00een driverele qcom, hdcp drm, allegro-dvt \u0219i meson-vdec.<br \/>\n Codul de cur\u0103\u021bare a blob-urilor \u00een driverele \u0219i subsistemele amdgpu, i915, netx, r8169, brcmfmac, rtl8188eu, adreno, si2157, pvrusb2, touchscreen_dmi, driverul audio pentru skylake, precum \u0219i \u00een documenta\u021bia microcodului a fost actualizat. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Sursa: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51447\">opennet.ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.3. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 GPU AMD Navi, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 Zhaoxi \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Intel Speed Select, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 umwait \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c &#8216;utilization clamping&#8217; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 CPU, \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 pidfd_open, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f IPv4-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 0.0.0.0\/8, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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