{"id":38315,"date":"2019-10-31T22:22:55","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vek-zhivi-vek-uchis-chast-4-uchis-rabotaya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:22:55","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:55","slug":"vek-zhivi-vek-uchis-chast-4-uchis-rabotaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/vek-zhivi-vek-uchis-chast-4-uchis-rabotaya","title":{"rendered":"Via\u021ba este un proces continuu de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Partea 4. \u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m prin munc\u0103?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u2014 Vreau s\u0103 m\u0103 perfec\u021bionez \u0219i s\u0103 urmez cursurile CCNA Cisco, atunci voi putea reconstrui re\u021beaua, s\u0103 o fac mai ieftin\u0103 \u0219i mai fiabil\u0103, s\u0103 o \u00eentre\u021bin la un nivel nou. M\u0103 po\u021bi ajuta cu plata? \u2014 administrator de sistem, cu 7 ani de experien\u021b\u0103, se uit\u0103 la director.<br \/>\n\u2014 Te voi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba, iar tu vei pleca. Ce, sunt prost? Du-te, lucreaz\u0103, \u2014 sun\u0103 r\u0103spunsul a\u0219teptat.<\/p>\n<p>Administratorul de sistem ajunge la birou, deschide forumul, Toster, Habr \u0219i cite\u0219te cum s\u0103 configureze rutarea \u00eentr-o re\u021bea din resturi de echipamente aproape muzeale. \u00ce\u0219i pierde pu\u021bin entuziasmul, dar r\u0103m\u00e2ne optimist \u2014 poate s\u0103 economiseasc\u0103 bani pentru formare \u0219i s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 singur. Poate c\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 plece? Vecinii au adus un nou Cisco\u2026<\/p>\n<p>A\u021bi fost vreodat\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie? \u00cenv\u0103\u021barea \u00een timpul muncii, organizat\u0103 de companie sau la ini\u021biativa angajatului, este, \u00een opinia mea, una dintre cele mai productive forme: angajatul \u0219tie deja exact ce vrea de la curs, cum s\u0103 evalueze informa\u021bia \u0219i cum s\u0103 o foloseasc\u0103. Este acel caz \u00een care un curs de \u0219ase luni poate aduce mai multe beneficii dec\u00e2t \u00eentreaga facultate. Ast\u0103zi vom discuta despre cursuri, universit\u0103\u021bi corporative, mentorat \u0219i cea mai inutil\u0103 form\u0103 de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Pune\u021bi ceai fierbinte, a\u0219eza\u021bi-v\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba monitoarelor, haide\u021bi s\u0103 alegem forma \u0219i\/sau formatul de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u00eempreun\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/468167\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Via\u021ba este un proces continuu de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Partea 4. \u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m prin munc\u0103?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/374632889df4db10b93b353308da440d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>Provoc\u0103 reflexele \u2014 continu\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021bi!<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Aceasta este a patra parte a ciclului \u00abTr\u0103ie\u0219te o sut\u0103 de ani \u2014 \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 o sut\u0103 de ani\u00bb:<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/459336\/\">Partea 1. \u0218coala \u0219i orientarea profesional\u0103<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/461015\/\">Partea 2. Universitatea<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/463031\/\">Partea 3. Educa\u021bia suplimentar\u0103<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<b>Partea 4. Educa\u021bia la locul de munc\u0103<\/b><br \/>\nPartea 5. Autoeduca\u021bia<\/p>\n<p>\u00cemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219i\u021bi-v\u0103 experien\u021ba \u00een comentarii \u2014 poate, datorit\u0103 eforturilor echipei RUVDS \u0219i cititorilor de pe Habr, educa\u021bia cuiva va fi pu\u021bin mai con\u0219tient\u0103, mai corect\u0103 \u0219i mai productiv\u0103.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nA\u0219adar, facultatea, masteratul \u0219i, poate, doctoratul sunt deja \u00een urm\u0103, sunte\u021bi la munc\u0103. Rutina zilnic\u0103 s-a instalat, s-au format abord\u0103ri pentru sarcini, salariul vine de dou\u0103 ori pe lun\u0103, perspectivele imediate sunt oarecum evidente. Ce motive ar putea fi pentru a re\u00eencepe studiile pe o baz\u0103 serioas\u0103? Motivele sunt multe.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dorinta de a schimba domeniul de activitate pentru a ob\u021bine un loc de munc\u0103 mai bun, a c\u00e2\u0219tiga mai mult, a \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba o nou\u0103 profesie etc.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Nevoia de a-\u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bile pentru munca curent\u0103, pentru a avansa vertical sau a se muta orizontal; a schimba locul de munc\u0103.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Nevoia de a ob\u021bine noi cuno\u0219tin\u021be, de a \u00eencerca un alt domeniu \u2014 de exemplu, \u00een cazul \u00een care nu s-a terminat facultatea potrivit\u0103, a fost ales un loc de munc\u0103 gre\u0219it, exist\u0103 senza\u021bia de stagnare \u00een carier\u0103 \u0219i intelectual\u0103 etc.<\/li>\n<li>Motive emo\u021bionale (pentru companie, din curiozitate, din plictiseal\u0103 etc.). Este cea mai controversat\u0103 motiva\u021bie, deoarece, \u00een acest caz, studentul perpetuu nu are un scop \u0219i un plan concret. \u00cen ap\u0103rarea acestui grup de studen\u021bi, se poate spune c\u0103 adesea, \u00een timpul studiilor, se dedic\u0103 cu acela\u0219i entuziasm muncii \u00een noua specializare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNoi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/463031\/\">am discutat deja dac\u0103 merit\u0103 s\u0103 ob\u021bine\u021bi o a doua diplom\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>, discut\u0103m acum despre alternative care economisesc timp (dar nu bani) \u0219i v\u0103 permit s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi ceva nou \u00eentr-un timp scurt.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00cenv\u0103\u021bare legat\u0103 de munc\u0103, dar nu din interiorul ei<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>\u258dCursuri cu frecven\u021b\u0103 mixt\u0103, de sear\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>\nForma de \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2nt este c\u00e2t mai aproape de un universitate obi\u0219nuit\u0103: seara, participa\u021bi la 3-3,5 ore de cursuri \u0219i practic\u0103, unde profesorii v\u0103 ajut\u0103 s\u0103 st\u0103p\u00e2ni\u021bi materialul nou. La cursuri nu sunt subiecte inutile, participan\u021bii sunt la fel de angaja\u021bi ca \u0219i dumneavoastr\u0103, astfel c\u0103, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, pute\u021bi stabili noi cuno\u0219tin\u021be, uneori utile.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4>Advantages<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>De regul\u0103, profesorii de la astfel de cursuri sunt practicieni, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 ofer\u0103 materialul \u00een m\u0103sura \u00een care acesta va fi util \u00een munca real\u0103. Unele abilit\u0103\u021bi pot fi aplicate \u00eencep\u00e2nd din primele zile.<\/li>\n<li>Cursurile au loc seara de 2-3 ori pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i nu interfereaz\u0103 cu munca (dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 ajunge\u021bi cu \u00eent\u00e2rziere, conveni\u021bi c\u0103 \u00een zilele de studiu ve\u021bi veni la munc\u0103 pu\u021bin mai devreme \u0219i ve\u021bi pleca, corespunz\u0103tor, \u0219i mai devreme).<\/li>\n<li>Rezolva\u021bi sarcini practice \u00een compania colegilor profesioni\u0219ti \u0219i astfel, absorbi\u021bi suplimentar tiparele de g\u00e2ndire, aplica\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bi de lucru \u00een echip\u0103 \u0219i primi\u021bi informa\u021bii suplimentare de la colegii de clas\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>Grupele de la cursuri sunt de obicei mici, iar fiec\u0103rui student \u00eei revine o aten\u021bie semnificativ\u0103 din partea profesorului at\u00e2t \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te r\u0103spunsurile la \u00eentreb\u0103ri, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te munca practic\u0103.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Dac\u0103 cursurile au vreo leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu o companie, la final pute\u021bi primi o ofert\u0103 de munc\u0103 \u00een specialitatea ob\u021binut\u0103 \u2014 \u0219i dac\u0103 tocmai intra\u021bi \u00een IT, aceasta este o oportunitate excelent\u0103 (de exemplu, din grupul nostru de 9 persoane, unul a primit oferta imediat, trei au acceptat s\u0103 se transfere la companie la finalizarea cursurilor, iar \u00eenc\u0103 trei au primit oferte, dar le-au refuzat).\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Dezavantaje<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cursurile cost\u0103 destul de mult.<\/li>\n<li>Cursurile universitare pot fi \u201eincarcate\u201d cu subiecte necorespunz\u0103toare \u0219i pot fi conduse de teoreticieni care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een paralel dup\u0103 cursuri obi\u0219nuite.<\/li>\n<li>S-ar putea s\u0103 sim\u021bi\u021bi brusc lipsa unui fundal educa\u021bional (de exemplu, eu \u00een timpul studiilor \u00een programul \u201eDezvoltare Software\u201d m-am confruntat cu lipsa cuno\u0219tin\u021belor matematice, \u0219i a trebuit mai \u00eent\u00e2i s\u0103 analizez problema din punct de vedere matematic \u0219i apoi s\u0103 o rezolv programatic).\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Pute\u021bi fi confrunta\u021bi cu o baz\u0103 material\u0103 \u00eenvechit\u0103 (de exemplu, cum ar fi \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea Windows Server 2008 \u0219i PC-uri cu XP \u00een 2018?), prin urmare, un laptop, bani pentru licen\u021be sau abilitatea de a g\u0103si ceva pu\u021bin pirat, dar modern, poate fi foarte util\u0103 \ud83d\ude42.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>La ce s\u0103 fi\u021bi aten\u021bi<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Studia\u021bi cu aten\u021bie programa cursului \u0219i num\u0103rul de ore, afla\u021bi ce este inclus \u00een formarea profesional\u0103 \u0219i ce form\u0103 de evaluare final\u0103 v\u0103 a\u0219teapt\u0103 la final (de la nimic p\u00e2n\u0103 la sus\u021binerea unui proiect de diplom\u0103 complet \u00een englez\u0103).<\/li>\n<li>\u00centreba\u021bi metodistul cine este profesorul dumneavoastr\u0103, ce experien\u021b\u0103 are \u0219i dac\u0103 este practicant.<\/li>\n<li>Afla\u021bi despre posibilit\u0103\u021bile de plat\u0103 \u00een rate sau \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea pl\u0103\u021bii pe perioade - de obicei, aceast\u0103 form\u0103 de plat\u0103 este mai pu\u021bin \u00eempov\u0103r\u0103toare.<\/li>\n<li>Dac\u0103 exist\u0103 un examen de admitere sau un interviu de admitere, nu \u00eencerca\u021bi s\u0103-l evita\u021bi, parcurge\u021bi-l - astfel ve\u021bi evalua nivelul dumneavoastr\u0103 de preg\u0103tire \u0219i ve\u021bi putea adresa \u00eentreb\u0103ri importante pentru voi.<\/li>\n<li>Dac\u0103 \u00een cadrul cursului exist\u0103 limba englez\u0103, nu \u00eencerca\u021bi s\u0103 deduce\u021bi costul acesteia din taxa de \u0219colarizare (deoarece deja o st\u0103p\u00e2ni\u021bi). Anume \u00een cadrul lec\u021biilor de limb\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103 se produce o apropiere str\u00e2ns\u0103 cu colegii de grup\u0103, iar acest lucru este foarte important - adesea colegii se invit\u0103 unul pe altul la munc\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>Afla\u021bi dac\u0103 se ofer\u0103 un certificat de finalizare a cursului \u0219i \u00een ce format (orice document pe h\u00e2rtie cu \u0219tampil\u0103 \u0219i semn\u0103tur\u0103 este necesar).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>\u258dUniversit\u0103\u021bi corporative<\/h3>\n<p>\nUn format interesant de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, disponibil at\u00e2t angaja\u021bilor din cadrul companiei, c\u00e2t \u0219i cursan\u021bilor externi. Studia\u021bi \u00een cadrul companiei, \u00een centrul s\u0103u de formare autorizat sau pe o catedr\u0103 partener\u0103 a unei universit\u0103\u021bi de baz\u0103 (de exemplu, HSE sau universitatea dumneavoastr\u0103 de stat), ob\u021bin\u00e2nd, de asemenea, studii cu frecven\u021b\u0103 redus\u0103 sau sear\u0103 \u00een cadrul unei specializ\u0103ri \u00eenguste alese (securitate informa\u021bional\u0103, sisteme de comunica\u021bie, dezvoltare software, management de proiecte, programare 1C etc.).<\/p>\n<h4>Advantages<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aceasta este o modalitate excelent\u0103 de a cunoa\u0219te compania, profesorii (care, de obicei, nu sunt sub nivelul middle), \u0219i de a \u00eencerca s\u0103 te angajezi acolo. Mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t, uneori este singura modalitate simpl\u0103 de a p\u0103trunde \u00een companie, demonstr\u00e2ndu-\u021bi abilit\u0103\u021bile \u00een timpul \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii.<\/li>\n<li>90% dintre profesorii universit\u0103\u021bii corporate sunt practicieni. Nu \u00eenve\u021bi doar, ci rezolvi probleme reale, pe care profesorul a trebuit s\u0103 le rezolve ca manager sau specialist tehnic.<\/li>\n<li>Mediul confortabil de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u2014 practic e\u0219ti pe aceea\u0219i lungime de und\u0103 cu profesorul, deoarece am\u00e2ndoi sunte\u021bi manageri, dar din companii diferite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Dezavantaje<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00cen compania ta, conduc\u0103torii ar putea s\u0103 nu aprecieze perspectivele \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii \u00een cadrul unei universit\u0103\u021bi corporate str\u0103ine.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Profesorii pot oferi informa\u021bii orientate spre modelele \u0219i problemele companiei lor; este posibil ca unele lucruri s\u0103 nu fie relevante sau aplicabile pentru tine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 \u00een universitatea corporate \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 un angajat al companiei c\u0103reia \u00eei apar\u021bine cursul, atunci avantajele sunt mai mari (beneficii la \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, aproape de birou, aten\u021bia colegilor \u0219i a managementului, cuno\u0219tin\u021be u\u0219or aplicabile, un model clar de avansare \u00een carier\u0103), iar dezavantajul este c\u0103 uneori este foarte greu s\u0103-i percepi pe colegii t\u0103i ca pe profesori.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>\u258dCursuri la distan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare online<\/h3>\n<p>\nOb\u021bii acces la resurse educa\u021bionale (video, lec\u021bii, noti\u021be, c\u0103r\u021bi, uneori biblioteci \u00eentregi, repozitorii de cod etc.) \u0219i te \u00eenve\u021bi fie \u00eentr-un timp convenabil, fie la o or\u0103 stabilit\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 a te ridica de la birou (sau de la PC-ul personal). Ai un loc de munc\u0103 \"cool\", posibilitatea de a comunica cu profesorul (chat sau Skype), teme de acas\u0103, dar de cele mai multe ori nu \u0219tii c\u00e2\u021bi sunte\u021bi la curs, cine e cu tine, iar comunicarea cu \u201ecolegii de curs\u201d se poate transforma \u00eentr-un adev\u0103rat spam.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4>Advantages<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Economisirea energiei \u0219i timpului pentru drum \u0219i preg\u0103tiri.<\/li>\n<li>Un format de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare convenabil \u0219i familiar.<\/li>\n<li>Po\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba direct la birou sau imediat dup\u0103 munc\u0103 (dac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 sisteme stricte de control al timpului de lucru, ac\u021biunilor, log\u0103rii, securitate riguroas\u0103 \u0219i colegi indiscre\u021bi. Deci, nu se poate, \u00een esen\u021b\u0103.)<\/li>\n<li>Po\u021bi alege un ritm de munc\u0103 confortabil \u0219i s\u0103 rezolvi imediat aspectele neclare, online, pe Toster, pe Habr, pe StackOverflow etc.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Dezavantaje<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Este necesar\u0103 o motiva\u021bie mare \u0219i autoorganizare, deoarece este mai mult un autotest dec\u00e2t o \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare cu un mentor clasic.<\/li>\n<li>Nu exist\u0103 comunicare face-to-face \u00een procesul de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare.<\/li>\n<li>Este foarte greu s\u0103 verifici profesorul \u0219i s\u0103 clarifici dac\u0103 este cel anun\u021bat \u00een descrierea cursului.<\/li>\n<li>Riscul de a gre\u0219i \u00een alegerea cursului este mare \u2014 acum sunt at\u00e2t de multe, \u00eenc\u00e2t este foarte greu s\u0103 nu te \u00een\u0219eli \u0219i s\u0103 ajungi la o \u0219coal\u0103 online cu adev\u0103rat de calitate (chiar \u0219i marii corpora\u021bii fac gre\u0219eli).\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Posibilit\u0103\u021bile minime de angajare \u2014 dac\u0103 nu demonstrezi abilit\u0103\u021bi deosebite (dar cum le vei demonstra online?), singurul lucru pe care po\u021bi conta este c\u0103 CV-ul t\u0103u va ajunge \u00een baza de date a agen\u021biilor de resurse umane ale companiilor partenere, care, dac\u0103 este necesar, te pot contacta.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>La ce s\u0103 fi\u021bi aten\u021bi<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Despre forma de evaluare \u0219i condi\u021biile de ob\u021binere a unui certificat semnat pe h\u00e2rtie cu \u0219tampil\u0103 (de multe ori este nevoie s\u0103 pl\u0103te\u0219ti suplimentar pentru acesta).<\/li>\n<li>Condi\u021biile de plat\u0103 \u0219i urgen\u021ba accesului la materialele cursului (\u00een ideal, ar trebui s\u0103 existe acces nelimitat).<\/li>\n<li>Despre recenziile participan\u021bilor pe re\u021belele sociale \u0219i pe platformele independente (pe site, de obicei, sunt moderat).<\/li>\n<li>Despre formatul de interac\u021biune cu profesorul (\u00een ideal, acesta ar trebui s\u0103 fie un chat + analiza temelor de c\u0103tre elevi, de preferin\u021b\u0103 cu trimiterea prealabil\u0103 a temei).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAv\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceputul seriei \u201eTr\u0103ie\u0219te o via\u021b\u0103, \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 o via\u021b\u0103\u201d am convenit asupra unei subiectivit\u0103\u021bi a recenzilor noastre, voi spune c\u0103 m\u0103 raport la formele de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare online cu precau\u021bie. Este \u00eenfrico\u0219\u0103tor s\u0103 pl\u0103te\u0219ti, uneori, sume considerabile pentru un con\u021binut necunoscut. Internetul ofer\u0103 o mul\u021bime de cursuri excelente \u0219i cu adev\u0103rat accesibile \u00een toate domeniile cuno\u0219tin\u021belor IT, a\u0219a c\u0103 mi se pare o alegere mai bun\u0103 s\u0103 alegi \u0219i s\u0103 dedici timp acestor cuno\u0219tin\u021be. \u00cen plus, majoritatea angajatorilor sunt sceptici fa\u021b\u0103 de diplomele \u0219colilor online, dar abilit\u0103\u021bile practice \u0219i cuno\u0219tin\u021bele teoretice nu au deranjat pe nimeni p\u00e2n\u0103 acum. De exemplu, datorit\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021belor teoretice excep\u021bionale despre modelul de re\u021bea OSI, am reu\u0219it, la vremea respectiv\u0103, s\u0103 ob\u021bin primul meu loc de munc\u0103 \u00een IT \u2014 s\u0103 devin inginer de testare (la 27 de ani, f\u0103r\u0103 un background tehnologic). Desigur, decizia este a voastr\u0103, dar eu sunt mai degrab\u0103 \u00een favoarea cursurilor de 0,5-1-1,5 ani cu participare fizic\u0103.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>\u258dTraininguri \u0219i workshop-uri<\/h3>\n<p>\nUn format bun de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, cu condi\u021bia ca acesta s\u0103 nu fie despre cursuri de dezvoltare personal\u0103 \u0219i alte aspecte ale businessului modern. Acestea sunt cursuri pe termen scurt, intensive, \u00een care instructorul ajut\u0103 la aprofundarea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u00een domeniul familiar \u0219i la parcurgerea unui scurt program de practic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Dureaz\u0103 de la 3 ore p\u00e2n\u0103 la c\u00e2teva zile. Nu voi discuta despre aspectele pozitive \u0219i negative \u2014 principalul este s\u0103 nu fie o reclam\u0103 pentru un alt produs. Verifica\u021bi sponsorii, verifica\u021bi organizatorii \u0219i recenziile despre vorbitor \u0219i mergi mai departe. Uneori, poate fi foarte interesant s\u0103 participi la o conferin\u021b\u0103 sau un workshop dintr-un domeniu diferit \u2014 de exemplu, pentru a \u00een\u021belege mai bine colegii.<\/p>\n<h2>Formele de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u00een cadrul procesului de lucru<\/h2>\n<p>\nAcesta este un bloc foarte important, pe care nu-l putem ocoli. Am avut o experien\u021b\u0103 diversificat\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te formarea \u00een cadrul companiei \u0219i cred c\u0103 merit\u0103 s\u0103 discut\u0103m despre asta, deoarece companiile \u00ee\u0219i pozi\u021bioneaz\u0103 adesea acest aspect ca un avantaj competitiv \u00een PR-ul HR, iar angaja\u021bii a\u0219teapt\u0103 rezultate.<\/p>\n<h3>\u258dMentorat \u0219i mentorare<\/h3>\n<p>\nCum se simt noii angaja\u021bi \u00een compania dumneavoastr\u0103 \u00een primele zile de lucru? Stau la birou gol \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i r\u0103sucesc nervos pachetul de bun venit \u00een a\u0219teptarea PC-ului de lucru? Se uit\u0103 \u00een telefon, doar ca s\u0103 nu le ridice privirea c\u0103tre colegi? Sau citesc confortabil informa\u021biile despre munca lor? Din p\u0103cate, experien\u021ba mea sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 cei din urm\u0103 sunt foarte pu\u021bini. \u00centre timp, \u00een IT-ul rus exist\u0103 multe companii (chiar \u0219i foarte mici) de la care po\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba: un mentor este alocat unui nou angajat, care \u00een timpul orelor de lucru ofer\u0103 preg\u0103tire pentru sarcinile principale, ar\u0103t\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp infrastructura (acces, servere, echipamente, sistem de raportare a erorilor, helpdesk, sistem de management al proiectelor etc.), familiariz\u00e2ndu-l cu colegii \u0219i altele. Astfel, noul angajat se integreaz\u0103 imediat \u00een echip\u0103 al\u0103turi de mentor, \u0219tiind la cine s\u0103 se adreseze \u0219i asimileaz\u0103 materialul de lucru destul de repede. Uneori, mentoratul este \u00eenso\u021bit de un examen modular sau final \u00een domeniul de activitate, \u0219i aceasta, de\u0219i este un stres minor, ofer\u0103 totu\u0219i o garan\u021bie at\u00e2t pentru angajat, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru companie.<\/p>\n<p>Exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva aspecte pe care trebuie s\u0103 le cunoa\u0219te\u021bi\/\u00een\u021belege\u021bi atunci c\u00e2nd organiza\u021bi mentoratul la locul de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Munca mentorilor trebuie s\u0103 fie pl\u0103tit\u0103 \u2013 sub form\u0103 de prime sau KPI. Compensarea nu trebuie s\u0103 depind\u0103 de durata de lucru a noului angajat, dar, \u00een urma perioadei de prob\u0103, se poate oferi o prim\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 \u2013 ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 a fost instruit \u0219i captat cu succes.<\/li>\n<li>Mentorii trebuie s\u0103 fie experimenta\u021bi \u0219i comunicativi \u2013 din p\u0103cate, dac\u0103 un super-geniu DevOps arunc\u0103 manualele pe mas\u0103 \u0219i ofer\u0103 un link c\u0103tre Wiki-ul intern, acest lucru nu va aduce niciun beneficiu. Noul angajat \u0219i mentorul trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 un mod de comunicare stabilit \u0219i un dialog deschis.<\/li>\n<li>Mentorul trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 pentru gre\u0219elile lucr\u0103rii subordonatului \u00een perioada de formare \u2013 de exemplu, dac\u0103 un tester neexperimentat va oferi tuturor 127.0.0.0 prin DHCP, mentorul trebuie s\u0103 corecteze aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een plus, s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i clarifice c\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 se instruiasc\u0103 pe medii de testare (da, bazat pe \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103ri reale, am fost instrui\u021bi, am instruit \u2013 \u00een general, nu ne-am plictisit).<\/li>\n<li>Mentorul trebuie s\u0103 joace rolul de ghid \u00een cadrul companiei, s\u0103 asigure accesul, s\u0103 comunice cu administratorul sistemului, s\u0103 prezinte colegii din alte departamente etc.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen cazul unei antipatii personale sau al unor situa\u021bii conflictuale, mentorul trebuie \u00eenlocuit imediat.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenc\u0103rc\u0103tura de lucru a mentorului \u00een timpul instruirii trebuie s\u0103 fie redus\u0103 \u0219i redistribuit\u0103 altor colegi \u00eentr-un mod ra\u021bional.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Fiecare nou venit, de la stagiar la senior, trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 un mentor; singura diferen\u021b\u0103 este abordarea, durata \u0219i volumul de informa\u021bie oferit\u0103. Departamentul de resurse umane trebuie s\u0103 se asigure c\u0103 procesul de adaptare al fiec\u0103rui angajat decurge normal, altfel problemele \u00een procesul de lucru sunt inevitabile, deoarece fiecare companie are propriile sale particularit\u0103\u021bi de lucru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u00cen orice caz, dac\u0103 nu a\u021bi \u00eencercat institu\u021bia mentoratului \u00een companie, stabili\u021bi-v\u0103 aceast\u0103 sarcin\u0103 chiar pentru luna urm\u0103toare \u2013 rezultatele muncii cu noii angaja\u021bi v\u0103 vor surprinde.<\/p>\n<h3>\u258d\u00cent\u00e2lniri, prelegeri, \u00eent\u00e2lniri<\/h3>\n<p>\nProbabil, una dintre cele mai productive forme de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u00een cadrul muncii: angaja\u021bii \u00ee\u0219i prezint\u0103 realiz\u0103rile, \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc abilit\u0103\u021bi, organizeaz\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lniri de produse \u0219i prezent\u0103ri, invit\u0103 colegi din alte companii pentru schimbul de experien\u021b\u0103 (uneori \u0219i pentru recrutare). Aceste \u00eent\u00e2lniri au o mul\u021bime de avantaje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>angaja\u021bii \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 se \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 unii pe al\u021bii \u0219i s\u0103 lucreze \u00eentr-o echip\u0103 coordonat\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>Dezvoltatorii comunic\u0103 \u00eentr-o limb\u0103 comun\u0103 \u0219i \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219esc solu\u021bii pe care le pute\u021bi adopta \u0219i aplica cu \u00eencredere;<\/li>\n<li>Pute\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba despre cultura unei alte companii \u0219i s\u0103 v\u0103 prezenta\u021bi avantajele;<\/li>\n<li>Meetup-urile sunt gratuite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nCheia unui meetup de succes este preg\u0103tirea: lucra\u021bi cu speakerii, preg\u0103ti\u021bi prezent\u0103rile, sala, acorda\u021bi aten\u021bie subiectului. Rezultatul va fi pl\u0103cut \u0219i util.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021bi la locul de munc\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p>\nC\u00e2nd lucra\u021bi, cel mai pre\u021bios resurs\u0103 pentru voi este timpul. Este o perioad\u0103 complicat\u0103 a vie\u021bii, c\u00e2nd trebuie s\u0103 lucra\u021bi, s\u0103 v\u0103 construi\u021bi cariera \u0219i s\u0103 nu rata\u021bi oportunit\u0103\u021bile, s\u0103 forma\u021bi o familie, s\u0103 ajuta\u021bi p\u0103rin\u021bii, s\u0103 v\u0103 realiza\u021bi dorin\u021bele \u00een hobby-uri \u0219i pasiuni. A\u0219adar, cea mai mare problem\u0103 este s\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi timp pentru \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t aceasta s\u0103 fie dens\u0103 \u0219i eficient\u0103.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00cenceta\u021bi s\u0103 petrece\u021bi pauzele de lucru pe ceai, cafea sau conversa\u021bii nelegat de lucru cu colegii \u2014 dedica\u021bi acest timp teoriei \u0219i clarific\u0103rii \u00eentreb\u0103rilor ap\u0103rute \u00een timpul studiilor.<\/li>\n<li>Ini\u021bia\u021bi discu\u021bii de lucru cu colegii la mas\u0103 \u0219i \u00een zona de fumat \u2014 adesea, oamenii se bucur\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021bele lor \u00eentr-un mediu relaxat.<\/li>\n<li>Citi\u021bi \u0219i asculta\u021bi prelegeri \u00een timpul aglomera\u021biei sau pe transport, dac\u0103 exist\u0103 astfel de oportunit\u0103\u021bi pe parcursul vostru.<\/li>\n<li>Asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 lua\u021bi noti\u021be \u00een caiet \u00een timpul prelegerilor \u0219i practicii, nu se baza\u021bi pe memorie. Dac\u0103 \u00een timpul prelegerii ceva nu este clar, marca\u021bi-l \u00een margini. De exemplu, 'NB' pentru ceea ce trebuie repetat \u0219i aprofundat, \u0219i '?' pentru ceea ce necesit\u0103 clarific\u0103ri, \u00eentreb\u0103ri sau studiu independent.<\/li>\n<li>Nu \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi \u0219i nu studia\u021bi noaptea \u2014 pe de o parte, ve\u021bi adormi greu, iar pe de alt\u0103 parte, totul va fi uitat p\u00e2n\u0103 diminea\u021ba.<\/li>\n<li>Studia\u021bi \u00eentr-un mediu lini\u0219tit. Dac\u0103 politica companiei permite (iar \u00een domeniul IT, aproape peste tot permite), r\u0103m\u00e2ne\u021bi o or\u0103 sau dou\u0103 \u00een plus la birou pentru a v\u0103 ocupa de sarcinile de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare.<\/li>\n<li>Nu \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi \u00een detrimentul muncii \u2014 o astfel de auto\u00een\u0219elare nu va aduce beneficii nim\u0103nui.<\/li>\n<li>Dac\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi programare sau administrare de sistem, este insuficient s\u0103 memora\u021bi teorie \u0219i s\u0103 citi\u021bi Habr, trebuie s\u0103 trece\u021bi totul prin practic\u0103: s\u0103 scrie\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103 testa\u021bi cod, s\u0103 lucra\u021bi cu sistemul de operare, s\u0103 \u00eencerca\u021bi totul 'cu m\u00e2inile'.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u0218i, probabil, cel mai important sfat: nu trata\u021bi studiul ca pe vremea studen\u021biei. Ignor\u00e2nd studiul pentru care pl\u0103ti\u021bi \u0219i care este orientat pe practic\u0103, v\u0103 auto\u00een\u0219elati.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum s\u0103 negociezi cu conducerea?<\/h2>\n<p>\nDac\u0103 este vorba despre o formare pl\u0103tit\u0103, este optim s\u0103 pl\u0103te\u0219ti tu \u00eensu\u021bi - astfel, \u00ee\u021bi vei p\u0103stra independen\u021ba fa\u021b\u0103 de angajator. Dac\u0103 compania pl\u0103te\u0219te, probabil va trebui s\u0103 lucrezi o perioad\u0103 obligatorie sau s\u0103 returnezi o parte din bani \u00een caz de demisie. Dac\u0103 nu ai planuri de demisie, discut\u0103 cu \u0219eful despre acoperirea par\u021bial\u0103 sau total\u0103 a costurilor \u0219i explic\u0103-i cum va fi benefic\u0103 formarea ta.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenainte de formare (nu dup\u0103 ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat!) discut\u0103 despre schimbarea programului sau trecerea la un program flexibil - de obicei, \u00een domeniul IT, se face acest lucru.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Totu\u0219i, este important s\u0103 \u0219tii dac\u0103 e\u0219ti preg\u0103tit s\u0103 acorzi form\u0103rii timpul necesar \u0219i s\u0103 nu la\u0219i locul de munc\u0103 s\u0103 interfere cu cursurile. Poate ai deja o carier\u0103 solid\u0103 \u0219i ai doar nevoie de stimulare intelectual\u0103. Decizia \u00ee\u021bi apar\u021bine.<\/p>\n<h3>\u258dPostscriptum lacom<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u0218i dac\u0103 ai crescut \u0219i sim\u021bi c\u0103 \u00ee\u021bi lipse\u0219te ceva pentru dezvoltare, de exemplu, un bun \u0219i puternic <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub\">VPS<\/a><\/noindex>, vizita\u021bi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub\">site-ul RUVDS<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 avem multe lucruri interesante.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/vps_start\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Via\u021ba este un proces continuu de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Partea 4. \u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m prin munc\u0103?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1063fb77420fd2446f1a81a1e349b338.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub\/#order\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Via\u021ba este un proces continuu de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare. Partea 4. \u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m prin munc\u0103?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/3a1c12a5e683d2608a60c0158662c43f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/468167\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2014 \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 CCNA \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b Cisco, \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0451 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0451\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439? 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