{"id":38398,"date":"2019-10-31T22:23:32","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/8-istorij-o-vnutrennem-kitae-to-chto-ne-pokazyvayut-inostrantsam\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:23:32","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:23:32","slug":"8-istorij-o-vnutrennem-kitae-to-chto-ne-pokazyvayut-inostrantsam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/8-istorij-o-vnutrennem-kitae-to-chto-ne-pokazyvayut-inostrantsam","title":{"rendered":"8 pove\u0219ti despre China interioar\u0103. Ce nu le arat\u0103 str\u0103inilor","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nu a\u021bi lucrat niciodat\u0103 cu China? Atunci chinezii vin c\u0103tre dvs. Ei \u0219tiu c\u0103 nu pot sc\u0103pa \u2014 nu po\u021bi fugi de pe planet\u0103. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

China este cea mai \u00eenfloritoare \u021bar\u0103 din lume. \u00cen toate domeniile: produc\u021bie, IT, biotehnologii. Anul trecut, China a \u00eenregistrat cel mai mare produs intern brut din lume, reprezent\u00e2nd 18% din PIB-ul global. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

China a devenit demult un partener economic de baz\u0103 al \u021b\u0103rii noastre. Rusia vinde Chinei resurse: petrol, gaz, lemn, metale, produse alimentare. China vinde Rusiei produse de \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie: ma\u0219ini, aparate electronice, tehnic\u0103 informatic\u0103 \u0219i de uz casnic, ceasuri elve\u021biene adev\u0103rate la 50 de dolari, spinner-e \u0219i alte produse de pe AliExpress. Anul trecut, volumul schimburilor comerciale cu China a dep\u0103\u0219it 108 miliarde de dolari \u2014 a crescut cu un sfert \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 an. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dezvoltatorii ru\u0219i \u0219i liderii afacerilor IT sunt adesea uimi\u021bi de comunicarea de afaceri cu colegii chinezi \u2014 at\u00e2t de u\u0219or \u0219i relaxat \u00eei trateaz\u0103 chinezii pe parteneri. Dar nu este nimic surprinz\u0103tor, dac\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem ce este China de fapt \u0219i ce anume ascund chinezii de restul lumii. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"8
\nO gravur\u0103 chinez\u0103 veche. Unchiul Liao, \u00een plimbare, \u00ee\u0219i imagineaz\u0103 iPhone 12 cu receptor TV, cinci cartele SIM, zece camere, termometru, electro\u0219oc \u0219i aspirator. <\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex>La Ziua Tehnologiei, Denis Ilyin, greyhard<\/a><\/noindex>, director tehnic GT-Shop, a povestit cum s-a \u00eent\u00e2lnit personal cu clasicul mod chinezesc de a face afaceri. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dmitri Simonov, creatorul canalului tehnic CTORECORDS, a men\u021bionat o dat\u0103 \u00een discu\u021bie c\u0103 Denis Ilyin este \u201eun foarte bun director tehnic, pentru c\u0103 are obiceiul de a c\u00e2\u0219tiga<\/em>\u201d. \u0218i astfel Denis nu s-a l\u0103sat b\u0103tut \u2014 \u0219i la vicle\u0219ugul chinezesc a r\u0103spuns cu imprevizibilitatea rus\u0103. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cei dau cuv\u00e2ntul lui Denis.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 1. Chinezii \u0219i IT-ul<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Recent, un client a venit la mine \u0219i a spus: \u201eDenis, ascult\u0103, chinezii se dezvolt\u0103 foarte bine \u00een \u00eenchirierea de \u201epower bank-uri\u201d. Hai s\u0103 ne ocup\u0103m de asta<\/em>\u201d. I-am spus: \u201eEste, desigur, interesant. Ce ave\u021bi?<\/em>\u00bb <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Pentru aceast\u0103 afacere, a fost necesar s\u0103 cre\u0103m un dispozitiv capabil s\u0103 accepte pl\u0103\u021bi contactless, s\u0103 emit\u0103 power bank-uri \u0219i s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 locul unde sunt returnate. Ce dificult\u0103\u021bi au ap\u0103rut imediat? S-a constatat c\u0103 clientul cump\u0103rase deja un dispozitiv din China. Iar managerul chinez i-a promis c\u0103 totul va fi minunat. Dar managerul a refuzat s\u0103 ofere documenta\u021bia API \u0219i documenta\u021bia dispozitivului. Dispozitivul era echipat cu un \u201esingle board computer\u201d cu sistem de operare Android \u2013 \u0219i a trebuit s\u0103 integr\u0103m pl\u0103\u021bile contactless cu debite recurente. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 o astfel de afacere: Clientul se afl\u0103 cu telefonul desc\u0103rcat departe de cas\u0103 \u0219i nici m\u0103car f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tor. La terminalul de \u00eenchiriere a \u201epower bank-urilor\u201d poate \u00eenchiria un \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tor portabil cu cablu. Clientul se registreaz\u0103 \u00een serviciu \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i leag\u0103 cardul. Costul unui ceas de \u00eenchiriere a power bank-ului este, de exemplu, 50 de ruble. Dac\u0103 persoana nu returneaz\u0103 dispozitivul \u00een acest timp, \u00eei vor fi lua\u021bi 100 de ruble pe zi de pe card. Nu este obligatoriu s\u0103 returneze \u201ebanca\u201d \u2013 este suficient s\u0103 o p\u0103streze la el timp de 30 de zile. \u00cen acest timp va fi luat\u0103 suma de 3000 de ruble \u2013 \u0219i dispozitivul va deveni complet proprietatea clientului. Dispozitivul poate fi returnat \u00een oricare terminal al re\u021belei de \u00eenchiriere. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"8<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Am venit, ne-am uitat \u0219i am zis: \u201eO, ce s\u0103 facem cu asta?<\/em>\u201d O lun\u0103 de comunicare cu chinezii ne-a dus la un rezultat dezam\u0103gitor. Chinezii au spus: \u201eNe pl\u0103ti\u021bi bani \u2013 v\u0103 facem aplica\u021bia. Dar ve\u021bi lucra prin norul nostru chinezesc. \u0218i documenta\u021bia nu vi-o vom da.<\/em>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Le-am spus: \u201eHaide\u021bi s\u0103 venim la voi \u0219i s\u0103 discut\u0103m<\/em>\u201d. La care chinezii ne-au declarat nea\u0219teptat: \u201eDe ce vre\u021bi s\u0103 veni\u021bi la noi? Ne amenin\u021ba\u021bi?<\/em>\u201d Ne-am mirat: \u201eDe unde a\u021bi dedus c\u0103 v\u0103 amenin\u021b\u0103m?<\/em>\u201d Chinezii au r\u0103spuns: \u201eP\u0103i, a\u021bi promis c\u0103 veni\u021bi<\/em>\u201d. Apoi s-au g\u00e2ndit \u0219i ne-au spus: \u201eComanda\u021bi o partid\u0103 de 100 de dispozitive \u2013 atunci v\u0103 vom da documenta\u021bia.<\/em>\u00bb.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Desigur, documenta\u021bia nu am primit-o deloc. A trebuit s\u0103 ne ocup\u0103m de \u201edebugging\u201d. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, am studiat ce era acest \u201esingle board computer\u201d, cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 sistemul din interior. Am descoperit c\u0103 modulele care con\u021bin \u201epower bank-urile\u201d sunt de fapt dispozitive obi\u0219nuite cu port com. Am reu\u0219it s\u0103 sniff-uiesc portul com, s\u0103 ob\u021bin protocolul \u0219i cu ajutorul acestui protocol s\u0103 lucr\u0103m. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dar s-a dovedit c\u0103 totul a fost mult mai simplu. Chinezii nu s-au complicat - poate c\u0103 \u00een etapa de asamblare au instalat versiunea obi\u0219nuit\u0103, au instalat versiunea debug \u0219i au l\u0103sat consola debug deschis\u0103. Prin urmare, ne-am conectat prin Android Studio, am luat versiunea debug, ne-am conectat la aceasta \u0219i am str\u00e2ns toate API-urile de care aveam nevoie. Dup\u0103 aceea, am scris aplica\u021bia, am ridicat serviciul \u00een cloud \u0219i am implementat pl\u0103\u021bi recurente. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Acum mergem \u00een China, dar la un alt produc\u0103tor. Le vom ar\u0103ta toate acestea \u0219i le vom cere: \u201eFace\u021bi-ne acela\u0219i lucru, dar cu un alt sos, sub conducerea \u0219i controlul nostru.<\/em>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: La nivelul incon\u0219tien\u021bei, zg\u00e2rcenia chinezilor este cu mult \u00eenaintea noastr\u0103. \u00cen mod surprinz\u0103tor, ei combin\u0103 controlul asupra tuturor \u0219i fiec\u0103ruia, o birocra\u021bie ridicat\u0103 \u0219i o lips\u0103 complet\u0103 de responsabilitate. Dac\u0103 vre\u021bi ca chinezii s\u0103 v\u0103 fac\u0103 ceva la timp \u0219i tehnic corect, trebuie s\u0103 sta\u021bi constant \u00een spatele lor \u0219i s\u0103 controla\u021bi. Alt\u0103 abordare pur \u0219i simplu nu o \u00een\u021beleg. <\/p>\n

\u0218i \u00eenainte de a lucra cu chinezii, \u00eenarma\u021bi-v\u0103 cu un avocat bun \u0219i \u00eendep\u0103rta\u021bi imediat p\u0103r\u021bile expuse ale corpului - altfel v\u0103 vor mu\u0219ca degetul p\u00e2n\u0103 la g\u00e2t. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Intermediar<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Pentru a lucra cu succes cu China, trebuie s\u0103 cunoa\u0219te\u021bi China. Dar ce \u0219tim despre Zhongguo? <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Singura \u021bar\u0103 din lume cu o istorie ne\u00eentrerupt\u0103 de 4000 de ani? Marele Zid chinezesc, vizibil din spa\u021biu? Canionul Hasma Bo Rea Li, cu o lungime de 560 de kilometri \u00een nord? Minunea economic\u0103 chinez\u0103 cu un socialism supravie\u021buitor? O lupt\u0103 eficient\u0103 \u00eempotriva corup\u021biei p\u00e2n\u0103 la cele mai \u00eenalte m\u0103suri de protec\u021bie social\u0103? <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Nu, nu \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 nu. Toate acestea sunt \u00een mare parte decora\u021biuni destinat\u0103 albilor, m\u0103slinii, negrii (subiectul corect) barbari. \u0218i canionul Chasma Boreale se afl\u0103 de fapt pe Marte. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen 2017, am intervievat pe colonelul \u00een rezerv\u0103 al For\u021belor Armate ale Federa\u021biei Ruse, Vladimir Truhan, care, \u00een virtutea serviciului s\u0103u, a cercetat Zhongguo - acolo unde practic nu sunt l\u0103sa\u021bi str\u0103ini. Atunci am v\u0103zut China dintr-o perspectiv\u0103 nea\u0219teptat\u0103. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen 2007, Vladimir a participat la exerci\u021biile \u201eMisiunea Pa\u0219nic\u0103-2007\u201d \u00een Chebarkul, unde au participat unit\u0103\u021bi ale Armatei Populare Chineze, iar \u00een 2009 a fost trimis la baza militar\u0103 Heishui din provincia Jilin, aproape de ora\u0219ul Baicheng, unde au avut loc exerci\u021biile \u201eMisiunea Pa\u0219nic\u0103-2009\u201d. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

El aavut impresii \u0219i amintiri interesante. Vladimir nu este sinolog, dar tocmai din acest motiv mi-au r\u0103mas \u00een minte pove\u0219tile lui \u2013 vii, vibrante, f\u0103r\u0103 a fi seci din punct de vedere academic. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Iar mai departe va povesti singur Vladimir Truhan. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 2. China \u0219i percep\u021bia noastr\u0103<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Percepem China oarecum gre\u0219it \u2013 \u00een special \u00een stilul \u00een care scriu despre Zhongguo publici\u0219tii populari de la noi. Avem o percep\u021bie a Chinei ca o \u021bar\u0103 unic\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 probleme, care sub conducerea Partidului Comunist merge disciplinat c\u0103tre capitalism. Dar realitatea este complet diferit\u0103. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

China rural\u0103 \u0219i China urban\u0103 se deosebesc dramatic. Ele difer\u0103 chiar \u0219i prin miros. M\u0103 m\u00e2ndresc foarte mult \u0219i chiar m\u0103 laud \u00een fa\u021ba studen\u021bilor c\u0103 am mers dou\u0103 sute de metri f\u0103r\u0103 masc\u0103 de protec\u021bie printr-un sat chinezesc. Mai mult, totu\u0219i, nu am reu\u0219it, dar dou\u0103 sute de metri mi-au fost suficiente. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Comunitatea rural\u0103 chinez\u0103 este complet auto-conduc\u0103toare, izolat\u0103 \u2013 \u0219i nimeni nu iese din satele chineze\u0219ti. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Au o zon\u0103 de aur pe coasta Pacificului. Noi am fost \u00een China continental\u0103 \u2013 Jilin nu este deloc cea mai bogat\u0103 provincie, iar Baicheng nu este cel mai bogat ora\u0219. \u00abMisiunea pacei \u2013 2005\u00bb, a\u0219a cum \u00eemi amintesc, au jucat \u00een Shanghai. Iar ei s-au scuzat \u00een 2009, spun\u00e2nd c\u0103 nu au nimic de ar\u0103tat. Le-am r\u0103spuns: \u00abNu-i nimic, nu-i nimic, vom tolera jum\u0103t\u0103\u021bile voastre de de\u0219ert. Tocmai asta ne intereseaz\u0103.<\/em>\u00bb Nu zg\u00e2rie-norii str\u0103lucitori, nu China de parad\u0103, ci ceea ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een ad\u00e2ncurile Chinei. E ca \u0219i cum am duce pe cineva \u00een regiunea Samara. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: C\u00e2nd colabora\u021bi cu chinezi, trebuie s\u0103 \u021bine\u021bi minte c\u0103 ei sunt mult mai motiva\u021bi pentru succes \u0219i mult mai r\u0103i dec\u00e2t voi. \u00centreaga societate chinez\u0103 verific\u0103 de la o v\u00e2rst\u0103 fraged\u0103 \u2013 supravie\u021buie\u0219ti sau nu. Aceste reflexe condi\u021bionate se fixeaz\u0103 \u00een minte pe tot parcursul vie\u021bii. Imagina\u021bi-v\u0103, partenerul vostru de afaceri este un orfan dintr-o zon\u0103 rural\u0103 din Rusia, care \u00een anii '90 a fost bandit, dar apoi s-a mai \u00eendreptat pu\u021bin. Dar ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 supravie\u021buirea \u0219tie nu din c\u0103r\u021bi, ci din experien\u021ba personal\u0103. Cum crede\u021bi c\u0103 se va comporta la negocieri \u0219i \u00een afaceri? <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 3. Chinezii \u0219i popula\u021bia<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen China, \u00een principiu, lipse\u0219te mobilitatea popula\u021biei. Iar \u00een China lipse\u0219te un sistem social de sprijin unitar. Am ascultat recent sinologii no\u0219tri care spun foarte clar: \u00abC\u00e2nd compari PIB-ul Chinei, observi c\u0103 nu au nicio povar\u0103 social\u0103.<\/em>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Un reprezentant al Comitetului Central al Armatei Populare din China mi-a spus: \"Vladimir, guvernul chinez consider\u0103 c\u0103 este necesar s\u0103 aib\u0103 grij\u0103 de dou\u0103 sute de milioane dintre cei mai progresa\u021bi cet\u0103\u021beni. Ceilal\u021bi s\u0103 supravie\u021buiasc\u0103 singuri.<\/em>\" \u00cei pun \u00eentrebarea: \"C\u00e2te persoane ave\u021bi \u00een total?<\/em>\" El evit\u0103 r\u0103spunsul. Eu spun: \"Crede\u021bi c\u0103 m\u0103 \u021bine\u021bi sub observa\u021bie ca un spion?<\/em>\" Se sup\u0103r\u0103 sincer pe mine. Apoi, ata\u0219atul naval se apropie \u0219i spune: \"Ascult\u0103, nu-i teroriza cu aceast\u0103 \u00eentrebare. Ei \u00een\u0219i\u0219i nu \u0219tiu c\u00e2\u021bi sunt.<\/em>\" M-am mirat: \"Adic\u0103 nu \u0219tiu c\u00e2\u021bi sunt?<\/em>\" \u0218i-mi spune: \"\u00centr-un sat, pe un act de na\u0219tere pot tr\u0103i \u0219ase persoane.<\/em>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Am crezut c\u0103 ei ascund ceva. Este un subiect normal - facem o evaluare comun\u0103 a situa\u021biei. Inclusiv, exist\u0103 o evaluare \u0219i pe caracteristicile demografice. Nu se ocup\u0103 de comunitatea de la \u021bar\u0103 - pur \u0219i simplu au \u00eenchis totul. Cum vor supravie\u021bui chinezii \u00een sate, cum tr\u0103iesc oamenii acolo \u00een fiecare zi, guvernul chinez nu-i intereseaz\u0103.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

PS: Nu te mira cum se comport\u0103 muncitorii chinezi \u00een Rusia sau \u00een Belarus. Ei chiar demonstreaz\u0103 instincte evolutive de rechin. \u0218i sunt dispu\u0219i s\u0103 se chinuie pentru fiecare ruble, gata oric\u00e2nd s\u0103 \u00een\u0219ele. Dac\u0103 un muncitor chinez a ajuns \u00een afara Chinei, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 satul s\u0103u a dat o sum\u0103 considerabil\u0103 de mit\u0103 func\u021bionarului care i-a ob\u021binut permisul pentru migra\u021bie. \u0218i astfel, chinezul trebuie s\u0103 returneze totul satului s\u0103u. \u0218i s-ar putea s\u0103 mai aib\u0103 acas\u0103 so\u021bie cu mul\u021bi copii. \u0218i chinezul va face tot ce poate pentru a nu se \u00eentoarce \u00een China \u0219i a c\u00e2\u0219tiga c\u00e2t mai multe ruble, dolari \u0219i yuani \u00een unitatea de timp. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 4. Chinezii \u0219i corup\u021bia.<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Ei au o civiliza\u021bie complet diferit\u0103. Vorbe\u0219te despre aceea\u0219i corup\u021bie. Omul care a efectuat o cercetare asupra corup\u021biei \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu anumite structuri ale noastre din China a colaborat cu mine. Mi-a spus clar c\u0103 admiterea unui pilot \u00een academie cost\u0103 20.000 de dolari. Asigurarea social\u0103 a solda\u021bilor din China este un secret de stat chinezesc. Ei nu dezv\u0103luie asta. Armata acolo este un stat \u00een stat. Fiecare ora\u0219 are nu doar spitale militare, ci \u0219i sta\u021bii de alimentare militare \u00een fiecare ora\u0219. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen presa noastr\u0103 apar constant articole despre cum China lupt\u0103 eficient \u00eempotriva corup\u021biei. Acolo cineva este executat, acolo altcineva este sp\u00e2nzurat. Nu este greu s\u0103 lup\u021bi \u00eempotriva corup\u021biei c\u00e2nd fiecare este un corup\u0103tor. Pur \u0219i simplu ia pe oricine \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219ti \u2014 \u0219i iat\u0103, ai un corup\u0103tor gata. Revenind la istoria Chinei din perspectiva propriilor chinezi, ei scriu foarte clar despre cum se formeaz\u0103 clasa birocratic\u0103. Ei g\u00e2ndesc pe termen lung. O \u00eentreag\u0103 familie, sau chiar un neam, poate educa un singur func\u021bionar pentru ca unei singure persoane s\u0103-i fie bine. Iar acesta trebuie ulterior s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i recupereze investi\u021biile. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"8
\nO pictur\u0103 chinez\u0103 antic\u0103. Un func\u021bionar chinez medit\u00e2nd \u00een natur\u0103 despre faptul c\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 lun\u0103 dona\u021biile voluntare din districtul s\u0103u au fost cu 2% mai pu\u021bine dec\u00e2t luna trecut\u0103. <\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Acum a ap\u0103rut informa\u021bia c\u0103 \u00eenainte de congresul Partidului Comunist Chinez, doi din cei trei lideri militari de top ai Chinei au fost just ca r\u0103spuns la corup\u021bie \u0219i aresta\u021bi (Nota: Interviul a avut loc \u00een decembrie 2017). Pur \u0219i simplu, abordarea lor este oarecum diferit\u0103. Ei \u00eei \u021bin pe ace\u0219ti corup\u0103tori pe c\u00e2rlig p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00eentr-un anumit moment, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd devin profitabili \u0219i eficien\u021bi. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

De aceea, mai spun o dat\u0103, acolo aproape fiecare este un corup\u0103tor, a\u0219a este societatea. Este construit\u0103 \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t func\u021bionarul trebuie s\u0103 aduc\u0103 ofrande.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: Pentru a face afaceri cu chinezii, \u0219i mai ales cu func\u021bionarii statului, trebuie s\u0103 te preg\u0103te\u0219ti de corup\u021bia specific\u0103 din China. Totu\u0219i, nu po\u021bi da pur \u0219i simplu bani \u2014 trebuie s\u0103 respec\u021bi toate tradi\u021biile. F\u0103r\u0103 o mit\u0103 sau un cadou considerabil, roti\u021bele oric\u0103rui afaceri sau proiect se vor \u00eenv\u00e2rti \u00eencet \u0219i cu zgomot. Chinezii pur \u0219i simplu nu \u00een\u021beleg cum po\u021bi merge \u00eenainte f\u0103r\u0103 mit\u0103, chiar dac\u0103 proiectul le-ar aduce beneficii certe. Te apropii de ei, cunoscut, \u00eembr\u0103cat \u00een alb \u2014 iar chinezii se vor uita la tine cu triste\u021be \u0219i vor g\u00e2ndi c\u0103 e\u0219ti un barbar alb ciudat, ar fi putut s\u0103 ofere un dar \u0219i am fi c\u00e2\u0219tigat \u00eempreun\u0103 c\u00e2teva milioane, dar \u00een loc de asta ai fost zg\u00e2rcit \u0219i to\u021bi am r\u0103mas f\u0103r\u0103 nimic. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 5. Chinezii \u0219i barbarul<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

China nu este un aliat pentru noi, ci un partener temporar. A\u0219a cum am fost pentru ei gaijin, tot a\u0219a am r\u0103mas. Da, acesta este mai mult un termen japonez, dar nu-mi amintesc cum ne numesc chinezii. A\u0219a cum au fost Imperiul de Mijloc, iar cei din jur erau barbari, a\u0219a sunt \u0219i acum. A\u0219a cum pentru Opiu a existat resentimentul \u00eempotriva noastr\u0103, acea m\u00e2nie istoric\u0103 a r\u0103mas. Reprezentantul Principalului a spus bine la o b\u0103utur\u0103 spirtoas\u0103: \u201eNoi ne amintim mereu c\u0103 au existat r\u0103zboaiele cu opiu \u0219i ce a\u021bi f\u0103cut cu China. Sunte\u021bi pu\u021bin mai buni dec\u00e2t anglo-saxonii, dar la fel r\u0103m\u00e2ne\u021bi \u0219i voi ni\u0219te tic\u0103lo\u0219i<\/em>\u201d. Ei \u00ee\u0219i amintesc c\u0103 Rusia le-a confiscat o parte din teritoriu ca recompens\u0103 pentru ajutorul acordat \u00een r\u0103zboiul pierdut al doilea r\u0103zboi al opiului, dar \u0219i participarea noastr\u0103 la suprimarea rebeliunii boxes, care \u00een anumite cazuri este considerat\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu r\u0103zboaiele cu opiu. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"8
\nO pictur\u0103 chinez\u0103 veche. Eroii populari chinezi scriu o scrisoare liderului r\u0103ului barbar american \u00een stilul oficial chinezesc antic \u201eNako si, vechi si\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: Indiferent de m\u0103rimea \u0219i profitabilitatea proiectului, chinezii vor \u00eencerca s\u0103 \u00een\u0219ele \u00eentr-un fel sau altul. Z\u00e2mbetele, plec\u0103ciunile \u0219i complimentele nu ar trebui s\u0103 te induc\u0103 \u00een eroare. Pentru ei, suntem \u201ebarbari naivi \u0219i binevoitori\u201d. E mai bine dec\u00e2t americanii \u201ebarbari prosti \u0219i r\u0103i\u201d sau britanicii \u201ebarbari viclean \u0219i josnici\u201d. Dar tot barabari sunt \u2014 a\u0219a c\u0103 problema \u00eencrederii nu se pune. Ceea ce nu este clar stipulat \u00een contract, cu termene limit\u0103 \u0219i penaliz\u0103ri, nu exist\u0103 pentru un chinez. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 6. Chinezii \u0219i viitorul<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

China has a different civilizational project. They think in completely different terms\u2014two or three hundred years. Their goal is not the immediate improvement of citizens' welfare. This task is not even considered in principle. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

They have no social protection goals\u2014even in the foreseeable future. They do not aim to provide even jobs, as they will release exactly as many people from the countryside as they need.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

We are driving through Baicheng\u2014an enormous five-story building. I ask the Chinese translator: \"Ce este asta?<\/em>\" He replies: \"Children's home<\/em>\". Then: \"I misspoke. Kindergarten<\/em>\". I clarify: \"Did I understand correctly, this is a kindergarten?<\/em>\" He answers after a pause: \"Yes, kindergarten. Children before school<\/em>\". I tell him: \"My wife is a kindergarten teacher<\/em>\". In the eyes of this officer, such admiration lit up. It turns out that I am a 'shan xiao' from the Main Political Administration in their variant, while in our case, a colonel from the Central Apparatus of the Ministry of Defense is nothing compared to it. But my wife\u2014a kindergarten teacher... He told me with such reverence: \"Are you serious? It\u2019s such an honor. The Motherland entrusted the upbringing of children to you.<\/em>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

They take children very seriously here\u2014we need to learn from them, learn and learn again. They stop dealing with them once they become adults. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Thus, a teenager who shows more or less outstanding results is taken out of their usual environment, thrown into another city, another province, and left alone to struggle for two years. If he doesn\u2019t lower his results, if he shows his viability and ability to continue to break through\u2014then they will work with him. If he doesn\u2019t cope, he is returned to where he lived\u2014and that\u2019s forever. They don\u2019t provide a second chance at all. In China, there is a strict culling process. If a person is kicked out of the army, they are kicked out of life. So it\u2019s an absolutely ruthless society. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

In China, there are no pensions. The approach is that children should support their parents. If you want\u2014support them, if you don\u2019t\u2014they're buried. These issues are very strict in Zhongguo. And those who now tell us about the Chinese economic miracle should go there and try. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Not\u0103: Chinezii tr\u0103iesc \u00een viitorul \u00eendep\u0103rtat. Noi am uitat s\u0103 g\u00e2ndim astfel. Aceast\u0103 abordare a existat \u00een URSS \u2014 dar materialismul a c\u00e2\u0219tigat \u00een final. Chinezul, \u00een toat\u0103 iste\u021bimea, abilitatea \u0219i obr\u0103znicia lui, simte o leg\u0103tur\u0103 indisolubil\u0103 cu genera\u021biile \u2014 trecutul \u0219i viitorul. De aceea, pentru el, \u00een orice domeniu de activitate \u2014 \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, art\u0103, afaceri \u2014 este important s\u0103 aduc\u0103 beneficii proiectului civiliza\u021bional al Imperiului de Mijloc. Acest lucru este \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat \u00een ei la un nivel profund. Ce nu \u00eei \u00eempiedic\u0103 s\u0103 fie viclean pe parcurs, desigur. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 7. Chinezii \u0219i produc\u021bia<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Au foarte multe contradic\u021bii. Au chiar multe contradic\u021bii na\u021bionale. Am o bancnot\u0103 de 5 yuani. Acolo este scris \u201e5 yuani\u201d \u00een patru limbi. Este ca \u00een Uniunea Sovietic\u0103, unde rubla era scris\u0103 \u00een cincisprezece limbi. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dar \u00een armat\u0103 servesc doar han\u021bi. Doar han\u021bii pot ob\u021bine un fel de succes. La serviciul civil de stat \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe. Iar na\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i popoarele lor, cred eu, num\u0103r\u0103 aproape 50. Pur \u0219i simplu, noi credem c\u0103 mint c\u00e2nd spun c\u0103 \u201eavem nevoie de 200 de ani pentru a ne ocupa cumva<\/em>\u201d. Dar chiar au nevoie de ace\u0219ti dou\u0103 sute de ani.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Se poate vorbi despre produsele chineze\u0219ti c\u0103 ei \u00ee\u0219i v\u00e2nd toate produsele bune, iar nou\u0103 ne trimit tot felul de prostii c\u00e2t vrei. Dar am fost \u00een marele magazin central din ora\u0219ul Baicheng. Comparativ cu acesta, Pia\u021ba Cherkizovsky din anii '90 este un butic de elit\u0103. Nu po\u021bi privi acolo f\u0103r\u0103 lacrimi. Nici m\u0103car o rochie pentru fiica mea nu am putut g\u0103si. Uneori cus\u0103turile sunt str\u00e2mbe, alteori firele ies. Dar la ei este normal. Totu\u0219i, au spus c\u0103 au trecut bine prin criza din 2008. \u201eAm \u00eenceput doar s\u0103 vindem toate aceste produse \u00een interiorul Chinei, care \u00eenainte erau produse pentru str\u0103in\u0103tate<\/em>\u201d. \u0218i cu un z\u00e2mbet vis\u0103tor, acel \u201eda xiao\u201d din Guvernul Popular din Beijing spune: \u201eNu am \u0219tiut c\u0103 \u00een China se produc produse de o asemenea calitate<\/em>\u201d. La ei, ca \u00een Uniunea Sovietic\u0103, pe export se trimitea cele mai bune. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 spun \u2013 acolo este o via\u021b\u0103 proprie, \u0219i nu trebuie s\u0103 credem c\u0103 to\u021bi prosper\u0103. Chiar \u0219i o poveste simpl\u0103 \u2013 la ei nu exist\u0103 norme de igien\u0103 pentru fabrici. \u00ce\u0219i pun un ad\u0103post, aduc ma\u0219ini \u2014 iat\u0103 fabrica. Iar la noi \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 ob\u021bii o autoriza\u021bie \u2013 te vor obosi. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

De ce este for\u021ba de munc\u0103 ieftin\u0103 din China? Pentru c\u0103 firma depune o cerere \u0219i i se ofer\u0103 permisiunea de a angaja \u00een zone rurale. Ei angajeaz\u0103 lucr\u0103tori din sat \u0219i le pl\u0103tesc un salariu minim. Pur \u0219i simplu, pentru a sc\u0103pa din satul chinez, oamenii accept\u0103 acest lucru. Dorm oriunde, m\u0103n\u00e2nc\u0103 orice. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: Dac\u0103 a\u021bi decis s\u0103 comanda\u021bi un lot de dispozitive de la o fabric\u0103 chinez\u0103, este absolut necesar s\u0103 v\u0103 deplasa\u021bi personal la locul de produc\u021bie. \u0218i s\u0103 v\u0103 asigura\u021bi c\u0103 este de fapt o fabric\u0103, nu un grajd cu ma\u0219ini, unde lucreaz\u0103 \u021b\u0103rani \u00eengrozi\u021bi. Este logic s\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 nu va exista niciun control al calit\u0103\u021bii acolo.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Povestea nr. 8. Chinezii \u0219i Rusia<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

De fapt, \u0219tim foarte pu\u021bine despre China. Nu ne str\u0103duim s\u0103 studiem China. \u0218i chinezii se sup\u0103r\u0103 foarte tare din cauza asta. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Colegii mei de la GlavPU mi-au spus: \u201eNoi \u0219tim cultura rus\u0103. Dar voi nu \u0219ti\u021bi cultura chinez\u0103 \u2013 nu<\/em>\u201d. General-locotenentul, \u0219eful departamentului politic al districtului militar Shenyang vorbea incredibil de bine ruse\u0219te. Au un num\u0103r mare de ofi\u021beri care cunosc limba rus\u0103. Le place cu adev\u0103rat s\u0103 afle multe despre aspectele culturii \u0219i civiliza\u021biei noastre.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Indiferen\u021ba noastr\u0103 \u00eei sup\u0103r\u0103. Ei spun: \u201eB\u0103ie\u021bi, de ce v\u0103 uita\u021bi mereu spre Vest? Noi avem o cultur\u0103 extrem de bogat\u0103<\/em>\u201d. De altfel, ei sunt deschi\u0219i \u2014 suntem gata s\u0103 ar\u0103t\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 povestim. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Am adus la Chebarkul la exerci\u021biile \u201eMisiunea Pa\u0219nic\u0103-2007\u201d ni\u0219te c\u00e2nt\u0103re\u021bi de estrad\u0103 complet neclar. Chinezii au adus cei mai buni arti\u0219ti. Chinezii au adus la Chebarkul acel Shao-Lin care c\u0103l\u0103tore\u0219te prin lume. Ei caut\u0103 cu adev\u0103rat un schimb cultural \u2014 \u00een acest sens, noi suntem un pic \u00een urm\u0103. \u0218i asta \u00eei sup\u0103r\u0103. Uman.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NB: Nu trebuie s\u0103 te raportezi la China cu superficialitate. Mai ales dac\u0103 ai de-a face cu ea. Cu Marea Britanie, SUA \u0219i Germania, e suficient s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021bi limba pentru a face afaceri mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin cu succes. Dar pentru China chiar \u0219i limba va fi insuficient\u0103. Este un proiect civiliza\u021bional complet diferit. Str\u0103ini printre noi. Cu excep\u021bia s\u00e2ngelui acid \u0219i farmecului xenomorfilor lui James Cameron. Pentru a lucra cu ei, trebuie s\u0103-i \u00een\u021belegi. Pentru a \u00een\u021belege, trebuie s\u0103 cuno\u0219ti China. China adev\u0103rat\u0103.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Ce nu le arat\u0103 str\u0103inilor | ProHoster","description":"Nu a\u021bi lucrat niciodat\u0103 cu China? Atunci chinezii vin c\u0103tre voi. \u0218tiu c\u0103 nu au unde s\u0103 fug\u0103 - de pe planet\u0103 nu po\u021bi sc\u0103pa. 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