{"id":38707,"date":"2019-10-31T22:25:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/varianty-ispolzovaniya-reshenij-dlya-vidimosti-seti-network-visibility\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:25:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:26","slug":"varianty-ispolzovaniya-reshenij-dlya-vidimosti-seti-network-visibility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/administrirovanie\/varianty-ispolzovaniya-reshenij-dlya-vidimosti-seti-network-visibility","title":{"rendered":"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Ce este vizibilitatea re\u021belei?<\/h4>\n<p>\nVizibilitatea este definit\u0103 de dic\u021bionarul Webster ca \u201ecapacitatea de a fi u\u0219or observat\u201d sau \u201egradul de claritate\u201d. Prin vizibilitatea re\u021belei sau a aplica\u021biilor se \u00een\u021belege eliminarea zonelor oarbe care ascund capacitatea de a vedea (sau de a evalua cantitativ) ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een re\u021bea \u0219i\/sau \u00een aplica\u021biile din re\u021bea. Aceast\u0103 vizibilitate permite echipelor IT s\u0103 izoleze rapid amenin\u021b\u0103rile de securitate \u0219i s\u0103 rezolve problemele de performan\u021b\u0103, ceea ce, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, asigur\u0103 cea mai bun\u0103 interac\u021biune cu utilizatorul final.<\/p>\n<p>O alt\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere este aceea c\u0103 permite echipelor IT s\u0103 controleze \u0219i s\u0103 optimizeze re\u021beaua, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu aplica\u021biile \u0219i serviciile IT. Acesta este motivul pentru care vizibilitatea re\u021belei, a aplica\u021biilor \u0219i a securit\u0103\u021bii este absolut necesar\u0103 pentru orice organiza\u021bie IT. <\/p>\n<p>Cel mai simplu mod de a ob\u021bine vizibilitatea re\u021belei este de a implementa o arhitectur\u0103 de vizibilitate, care reprezint\u0103 o infrastructur\u0103 complex\u0103 end-to-end, oferind astfel vizibilitate asupra re\u021belelor fizice \u0219i virtuale, aplica\u021biilor \u0219i securit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n<h4>P\u0103trunderea \u00een funda\u021bia vizibilit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei<\/h4>\n<p>\nOdat\u0103 ce arhitectura de vizibilitate este creat\u0103, devin disponibile numeroase op\u021biuni de utilizare. A\u0219a cum se arat\u0103 mai jos, arhitectura de vizibilitate reprezint\u0103 trei niveluri principale de vizibilitate: nivelul de acces, nivelul de management \u0219i nivelul de monitorizare.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/688f7f241258a3654ffefcd01980c8c0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nFolosind elementele prezentate, speciali\u0219tii IT pot aborda diverse probleme ale re\u021belei \u0219i aplica\u021biilor. Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 categorii de op\u021biuni de utilizare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Solu\u021bii principale de vizibilitate<\/li>\n<li>Vizibilitate total\u0103 a re\u021belei<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSolu\u021biile principale de vizibilitate sunt axate pe securitatea re\u021belei, economii de costuri \u0219i solu\u021bionarea problemelor. Acestea sunt trei criterii care influen\u021beaz\u0103 IT-ul lunar, dac\u0103 nu zilnic. Vizibilitatea total\u0103 a re\u021belei \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 ofere o \u00een\u021belegere mai profund\u0103 a zonelor oarbe, a performan\u021bei \u0219i a conformit\u0103\u021bii cu reglement\u0103rile.<\/p>\n<h4>Ce se poate face cu adev\u0103rat cu vizibilitatea re\u021belei?<\/h4>\n<p>\nExist\u0103 \u0219ase op\u021biuni diferite de utilizare a vizibilit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei, care pot demonstra clar valoarea. Acestea sunt:<\/p>\n<p> \u2014 \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea securit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei<br \/>\n \u2014 Oferirea de capacit\u0103\u021bi de restric\u021bionare \u0219i reducere a costurilor<br \/>\n \u2014 Accelerarea solu\u021bion\u0103rii problemelor \u0219i cre\u0219terea fiabilit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei<br \/>\n \u2014 Eliminarea zonelor moarte din re\u021bea<br \/>\n \u2014 Optimizarea performan\u021bei re\u021belei \u0219i a aplica\u021biilor<br \/>\n \u2014 Consolidarea conformit\u0103\u021bii cu reglement\u0103rile<\/p>\n<p>Mai jos sunt c\u00e2teva exemple specifice de utilizare.<\/p>\n<p><b>Exemplul nr. 1 \u2013 filtrarea datelor pentru solu\u021biile de securitate, care se afl\u0103 \u00een mod inline, spore\u0219te eficien\u021ba acestor solu\u021bii<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Scopul acestui scenariu este utilizarea brokerului de pachete de re\u021bea (NPB \u2013 Network Packet Broker) pentru a filtra datele cu risc sc\u0103zut (de exemplu, video \u0219i voce), pentru a le exclude din inspec\u021bia efectuat\u0103 de solu\u021biile de securitate (sistem de prevenire a intruziunilor (IPS), prevenirea pierderii de date (DLP), firewall-uri pentru aplica\u021bii web (WAF) etc.). Acest trafic 'neinteresant' poate fi identificat \u0219i redirec\u021bionat \u00eenapoi c\u0103tre comutatorul de bypass \u0219i mai departe \u00een re\u021bea. Avantajul acestei solu\u021bii este c\u0103 WAF sau IPS nu trebuie s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i consume resursele procesorului (CPU) analiz\u00e2nd date inutile. Dac\u0103 traficul re\u021belei dumneavoastr\u0103 con\u021bine un volum semnificativ de acest tip de date, pute\u021bi implementa aceast\u0103 func\u021bie \u0219i reduce \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tura pe instrumentele de securitate.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6679183b3a96f85ed70301ed431a05fe.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nCompaniile au avut cazuri \u00een care p\u00e2n\u0103 la 35% din traficul de re\u021bea cu risc sc\u0103zut a fost exclus din inspec\u021bia IPS. Aceasta cre\u0219te automat l\u0103\u021bimea de band\u0103 efectiv\u0103 a IPS-ului cu 35% \u0219i \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 pute\u021bi am\u00e2na achizi\u021bionarea de IPS-uri suplimentare sau upgrade-ul. \u0218tim cu to\u021bii c\u0103 traficul de re\u021bea cre\u0219te, a\u0219a c\u0103, la un moment dat, ve\u021bi avea nevoie de un IPS mai performant. Este cu adev\u0103rat o \u00eentrebare \u2014 dori\u021bi s\u0103 minimiza\u021bi costurile sau nu.<\/p>\n<p><b>Exemplul nr. 2 \u2013 balansarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii prelunge\u0219te via\u021ba dispozitivelor 1-10 Gbps \u00eentr-o re\u021bea de 40 Gbps<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Un alt exemplu de utilizare include reducerea costurilor de\u021binerii echipamentelor de re\u021bea. Acest lucru se realizeaz\u0103 prin intermediul brokerilor de pachete (NPB) pentru balansarea traficului pe instrumentele de securitate \u0219i monitorizare. Cum poate ajuta balansarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii majoritatea \u00eentreprinderilor? \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, cre\u0219terea volumului de trafic de re\u021bea este un fenomen foarte comun. Dar ce zici de monitorizarea impactului cre\u0219terii l\u0103\u021bimii de band\u0103? De exemplu, dac\u0103 modernizezi nucleul re\u021belei de la 1 Gbps la 10 Gbps, atunci vei avea nevoie de instrumente de 10 Gbps pentru a monitoriza corect. Dac\u0103 urci viteza la 40 Gbps sau 100 Gbps, atunci la aceste viteze, op\u021biunile pentru instrumentele de monitorizare devin mult mai reduse \u0219i costul lor este foarte ridicat.<\/p>\n<p>Brokerii de pachete ofer\u0103 capacit\u0103\u021bile necesare de agregare \u0219i balansare a \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii. De exemplu, balansarea traficului de 40 Gbps permite distribuirea traficului de monitorizare \u00eentre mai multe instrumente de 10 Gbps. Dup\u0103 aceea, vei putea extinde durata de via\u021b\u0103 a dispozitivelor de 10 Gbps, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd vor exista suficiente fonduri pentru achizi\u021bionarea unor instrumente mai scumpe, capabile s\u0103 fac\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 unor viteze de transfer de date mai mari. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/015c648a6ce54407ca1f8373d0be8c93.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nUn alt exemplu este s\u0103 centralizezi instrumentele \u00eentr-un singur loc \u0219i s\u0103 le transmi\u021bi datele necesare de la brokerul de pachete. Uneori se folosesc solu\u021bii separate, distribuite \u00een re\u021bea. Datele dintr-un sondaj realizat de Enterprise Management Associates (EMA) arat\u0103 c\u0103 32% dintre solu\u021biile corporative sunt insuficient utilizate, adic\u0103 mai pu\u021bin de 50%. Centralizarea instrumentelor \u0219i balansarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii \u00ee\u021bi permit s\u0103 \u00eembini resursele \u0219i s\u0103 cre\u0219ti utilizarea, folosind mai pu\u021bine dispozitive. De multe ori po\u021bi am\u00e2na achizi\u021bia de instrumente suplimentare p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd coeficientul de utilizare devine suficient de ridicat. <\/p>\n<p><b>Exemplul nr. 3 \u2013 depanare pentru reducerea\/eliminarea necesit\u0103\u021bii de a ob\u021bine permisiuni pentru modific\u0103ri (Change Board permissions)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Dup\u0103 ce echipamentele pentru vizibilitate (tapuri (TAPs), NPB...) sunt instalate \u00een re\u021bea, va trebui s\u0103 faci rar modific\u0103ri \u00een re\u021bea. Acest lucru \u00ee\u021bi permite s\u0103 optimizezi unele procese de depanare pentru a cre\u0219te eficien\u021ba.<\/p>\n<p>De exemplu, dup\u0103 ce TAP este instalat (\u201einstalat \u0219i uitat\u201d), el transmite pasiv o copie a \u00eentregului trafic c\u0103tre NPB. Aceasta ofer\u0103 un avantaj semnificativ, deoarece elimin\u0103 majoritatea aspectelor birocratice \u2013 ob\u021binerea aprob\u0103rilor pentru modific\u0103ri \u00een re\u021bea. Dac\u0103 se instaleaz\u0103 \u0219i un broker de pachete, se va avea acces instantaneu la practic toate datele necesare pentru depanare.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4fa52b82cd3bc9ff52ab9c5f3be7fd41.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDac\u0103 nu este nevoie de modific\u0103ri, se pot s\u0103ri etapele de aprobat schimb\u0103rile \u0219i se poate trece direct la depanare. Acest nou proces are un impact semnificativ asupra reducerii timpului mediu de recuperare (MTTR \u2013 Mean Time to Repair). Studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 exist\u0103 posibilitatea de a reduce MTTR cu p\u00e2n\u0103 la 80%.<\/p>\n<p><b>Exemplul nr. 4 \u2013 Inteligen\u021ba aplica\u021biilor, aplicarea filtr\u0103rii aplica\u021biilor \u0219i mascherarea datelor pentru a spori eficien\u021ba securit\u0103\u021bii<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ce este inteligen\u021ba aplica\u021biilor (Application Intelligence)? Aceasta tehnologie este disponibil\u0103 la brokerii de pachete (NPB) IXIA. Este o func\u021bionalitate avansat\u0103, care permite dep\u0103\u0219irea filtr\u0103rii pachetelor la nivelurile 2\u20134 (modele OSI) \u0219i trecerea complet la nivelul 7 (nivelul aplica\u021biei). Avantajul este c\u0103 datele despre comportamentul \u0219i loca\u021bia utilizatorilor \u0219i aplica\u021biilor pot fi generate \u0219i exportate \u00eentr-un format necesar \u2014 pachete brute, pachete filtrate sau informa\u021bii NetFlow (IxFlow). Departamentele IT pot identifica aplica\u021biile de re\u021bea ascunse, reduce amenin\u021b\u0103rile la adresa securit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei \u0219i, de asemenea, minimizarea timpilor de nefunc\u021bionare a re\u021belei \u0219i\/sau \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea performan\u021bei re\u021belei. Caracteristicile distinctive ale aplica\u021biilor cunoscute \u0219i necunoscute pot fi identificate, capturate \u0219i transmise c\u0103tre instrumentele specializate de monitorizare \u0219i securitate.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/b1b59be3134f644326876ff64fc92d5e.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>identificarea aplica\u021biilor suspecte\/necunoscute<\/li>\n<li>identificarea comportamentului suspect pe baza geoloca\u021biei, de exemplu, un utilizator din Coreea de Nord se conecteaz\u0103 la FTP-ul dumneavoastr\u0103 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/server\/dts-shicago\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2856\">server<\/a> \u0219i transmite date<\/li>\n<li>decriptare <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2263\">SSL<\/a> pentru verificarea \u0219i analiza amenin\u021b\u0103rilor poten\u021biale<\/li>\n<li>analiza defec\u021biunilor aplica\u021biilor<\/li>\n<li>analiza cantit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i cre\u0219terii traficului pentru gestionarea activ\u0103 a resurselor \u0219i prognozarea extinderii<\/li>\n<li>mascherarea datelor confiden\u021biale (carduri de credit, acreditive\u2026) \u00eenainte de trimitere <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nFunc\u021bionalitatea Visibility Intelligence este disponibil\u0103 at\u00e2t pentru brokerii fizici \u0219i virtuali (Cloud Lens Private), c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een \u00abcloud\u00bb-urile publice \u2014 Cloud Lens Public:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/8c53733fafe1d101d0401a79a48d8538.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPe l\u00e2ng\u0103 func\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile standard NetStack, PacketStack \u0219i AppStack:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/08631db239c0fad099d61f459d5d4636.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u00cen ultima perioad\u0103 a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 \u0219i func\u021bionalitatea de securitate SecureStack (pentru optimizarea proces\u0103rii traficului confiden\u021bial), MobileStack (pentru operatorii de telefonie mobil\u0103) \u0219i TradeStack (pentru monitorizarea \u0219i filtrarea datelor din tradingul financiar):<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/8a4b91da9d092b3eba8441df1e837154.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/0fcdc54b7045b83e8c257c1249cf9e1f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Op\u021biuni de utilizare a solu\u021biilor pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei (network visibility)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/23f7266d2d275ae83810116522de29b8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n <\/p>\n<h4>Conclusions<\/h4>\n<p>\nSolu\u021biile pentru vizibilitatea re\u021belei sunt un instrument puternic capabil s\u0103 optimizeze arhitectura monitoriz\u0103rii \u0219i securit\u0103\u021bii re\u021belei, care creeaz\u0103 o baz\u0103 fundamental\u0103 pentru colectarea \u0219i schimbul de date necesare.<\/p>\n<p>Op\u021biunile de utilizare permit:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>accesul la datele specifice necesare la cerere pentru diagnosticare \u0219i depanare<\/li>\n<li>ad\u0103ugarea\/\u00eendep\u0103rtarea solu\u021biilor de securitate \u0219i monitorizare at\u00e2t inline, c\u00e2t \u0219i out-of-band<\/li>\n<li>reducerea MTTR<\/li>\n<li>asigurarea unei reac\u021bii rapide la probleme<\/li>\n<li>efectuarea unei analize extinse a amenin\u021b\u0103rilor<\/li>\n<li>eliminarea majorit\u0103\u021bii aprobatelor birocratice<\/li>\n<li>reducerea consecin\u021belor financiare ale unei bre\u0219e, conect\u00e2nd rapid solu\u021biile necesare \u00een re\u021bea \u0219i diminu\u00e2nd MTTR<\/li>\n<li>reducerea costurilor \u0219i a eforturilor necesare pentru configurarea portului SPAN<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/437344\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (visibility) \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (Network Visibility)? \u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (Visibility) \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0412\u0435\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e 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