{"id":39054,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","slug":"pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","title":{"rendered":"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/f9bef79a08830d148713955665b987e6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Una dintre rackurile de virtualizare intern\u0103. Ne-am complicat cu indicarea prin culoare a cablurilor: portocaliul reprezint\u0103 alimentarea impar\u0103, iar verdele \u2013 alimentarea par\u0103. <\/i><\/p>\n<p>De obicei, discut\u0103m despre \u201eceea ce este mare\u201d \u2013 chillere, DGU, GRC. Ast\u0103zi vom vorbi despre \u201edetalii\u201d \u2013 prizele din rackuri, cunoscute \u0219i sub numele de Power Distribution Unit (PDU). \u00cen centrele noastre de date exist\u0103 peste 4000 de rackuri pline cu echipamente IT, a\u0219a c\u0103 am v\u0103zut multe tipuri: PDU clasice, \u201einteligente\u201d \u2013 cu monitorizare \u0219i control, prize standard. Ast\u0103zi voi explica ce tipuri de PDU exist\u0103 \u0219i ce s\u0103 alegi \u00een situa\u021bia specific\u0103. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Ce tipuri de PDU exist\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Un modul simplu de prize.<\/b> Da, exact acela pe care \u00eel are fiecare acas\u0103 sau la birou. <br \/>\nFormal, acesta nu este chiar un PDU \u00een sensul utiliz\u0103rii industriale \u00een rackuri cu echipamente IT, dar aceste dispozitive au \u0219i ele fanii lor. Singurul avantaj al acestei solu\u021bii este pre\u021bul sc\u0103zut (costul \u00eencepe de la 2000 ruble). De asemenea, acestea pot fi utile dac\u0103 folose\u0219ti rackuri deschise, unde un PDU standard nu se poate integra, iar pierderea unit\u0103\u021bilor sub un PDU orizontal nu este dorit\u0103. Acest lucru revine la problema economiei.<\/p>\n<p>Dezavantajele sunt mult mai multe: aceste dispozitive nu au \u00eentotdeauna protec\u021bie intern\u0103 \u00eempotriva scurtcircuitului \u0219i a suprasarcinii, nu po\u021bi monitoriza indicatorii \u0219i, cu at\u00e2t mai pu\u021bin, s\u0103 controlezi prizele. De obicei, aceste dispozitive vor fi amplasate \u00een partea de jos a rackului. Aceasta nu este cea mai convenabil\u0103 pozi\u021bie pentru conectarea echipamentului. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cen general, \u201epilotele\u201d pot fi folosite dac\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ai mii de servere \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 economise\u0219ti, <\/li>\n<li>\u00ee\u021bi po\u021bi permite s\u0103 conectezi echipamentele f\u0103r\u0103 a \u0219ti ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 cu consumul real,<\/li>\n<li>e\u0219ti preg\u0103tit pentru downtime-ul echipamentului. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNoi nu folosim a\u0219a ceva, dar avem clien\u021bi care practic\u0103 cu succes aceast\u0103 metod\u0103. Adev\u0103rul este c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i construiesc infrastructura sub serviciile lor \u00eentr-un mod astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t defectarea unor zeci de servere nu afecteaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea aplica\u021biei client. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/a065f555adffbdbfc9cf29fcdf4e628c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Ie\u0219it din comun \u0219i eficient.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/b0de3676bf2ec00134dfe95a276cb6b4.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Amplasare vertical\u0103.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>PDU \u201eneinteligente\u201d.<\/b> Acesta este un PDU clasic pentru utilizarea \u00een rack-uri cu echipamente IT \u0219i acest lucru este d\u00e9j\u00e0 bine. Au un factor de form\u0103 adecvat pentru a fi amplasate pe laturile rack-ului, ceea ce faciliteaz\u0103 conectarea echipamentului. Dispun de protec\u021bie intern\u0103. Aceste PDU nu au monitorizare, astfel c\u0103 nu vom \u0219ti c\u00e2t\u0103 putere consum\u0103 fiecare echipament \u0219i ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 de fapt \u00een interior. Avem foarte pu\u021bine astfel de PDU \u0219i, \u00een general, acestea ies treptat din utilizarea pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Pre\u021bul acestor PDU \u00eencepe de la 25.000 de ruble.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/fb16a6c0008306f4c6818a8a5a3675be.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>PDU \u201einteligente\u201d cu monitorizare.<\/b> Aceste dispozitive au \u201ecreier\u201d, fiind capabile s\u0103 monitorizeze parametrii consumului de energie. Exist\u0103 un ecran pe care se afi\u0219eaz\u0103 principalele indicatori: tensiunea, curentul \u0219i puterea. Acestea pot fi urm\u0103rite pe grupuri separate de prize: sec\u021biuni sau b\u0103nci. La un astfel de PDU se poate conecta de la distan\u021b\u0103, configur\u00e2nd trimiterea datelor c\u0103tre un sistem de monitorizare. Ele p\u0103streaz\u0103 jurnale, prin care se poate verifica tot ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat cu ele, de exemplu, c\u00e2nd anume PDU s-a oprit.<\/p>\n<p>De asemenea, ele pot calcula consumul (kW*h) pentru contabilitate tehnic\u0103, pentru a \u00een\u021belege c\u00e2t consum\u0103 rack-ul \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp. <\/p>\n<p>Acestea sunt PDU standard pe care le oferim clien\u021bilor no\u0219tri spre \u00eenchiriere, iar majoritatea PDU-urilor din centrele noastre de date sunt de acest tip.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 ve\u021bi cump\u0103ra, preg\u0103ti\u021bi-v\u0103 s\u0103 pl\u0103ti\u021bi de la 75.000 de ruble pe bucat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1525246e5893f9ff3c2b52621adbd467.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/830cec7968a7e6f331d4b2841c276e9d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5afaacf9bf9a4adb72eae7ec6889c072.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Grafic din monitorizarea noastr\u0103 intern\u0103 a PDU.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>PDU \u201einteligente\u201d cu control.<\/b> La abilit\u0103\u021bile descrise mai sus, aceste PDU adaug\u0103 \u0219i control. Cele mai avansate PDU pot controla \u0219i monitoriza fiecare priz\u0103: se pot porni\/opri, ceea ce este necesar \u00een situa\u021biile \u00een care trebuie s\u0103 reporni\u021bi serverul de la distan\u021b\u0103 prin alimentare. Aceasta este at\u00e2t frumuse\u021bea, c\u00e2t \u0219i pericolul acestor PDU: un utilizator obi\u0219nuit, din ne\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, ar putea accesa interfa\u021ba web, s\u0103 fac\u0103 o alegere \u0219i, dintr-o dat\u0103, s\u0103 reporneasc\u0103\/opreasc\u0103 \u00eentreaga sistem\u0103. Da, sistemul va avertiza de dou\u0103 ori cu privire la consecin\u021be, dar practica arat\u0103 c\u0103 chiar \u0219i alertele nu protejeaz\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna de ac\u021biuni impulsive ale utilizatorului. <\/p>\n<p>O problem\u0103 major\u0103 a PDU-urilor \u201einteligente\u201d este supra\u00eenc\u0103lzirea \u0219i defectarea controlerului \u0219i ecranului. PDU-urile sunt de obicei instalate \u00een partea din spate a rack-ului, acolo unde se evacueaz\u0103 aerul fierbinte. Acolo este cald, iar controlerele nu rezist\u0103. PDU-ul nu trebuie, totu\u0219i, s\u0103 fie schimbat complet; controlerul poate fi \u00eenlocuit \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii. <\/p>\n<p>\u0218i \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te costul, este destul de scump \u2013 de la 120.000 de ruble.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e60a0801cc84efecbce8a462648dd122.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Pentru PDU controlat, informa\u021biile pot fi ob\u021binute din indica\u021bia de sub fiecare priz\u0103.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Din punctul meu de vedere, func\u021bia de control \u00een PDU este o chestiune de preferin\u021b\u0103, dar monitorizarea este un must have. Altfel, nu se va putea urm\u0103ri consumul \u0219i sarcina. Voi explica mai t\u00e2rziu de ce este important. <\/p>\n<h3>Cum se calculeaz\u0103 puterea necesar\u0103 a PDU?<\/h3>\n<p>\nLa prima vedere, totul pare destul de simplu: puterea PDU se alege \u00een func\u021bie de puterea rack-ului, dar sunt nuan\u021be. S\u0103 presupunem c\u0103 ave\u021bi nevoie de un rack de 10 kW. Produc\u0103torii de PDU ofer\u0103 modele de 3, 7, 11, 22 kW. Alege\u021bi 11 kW \u0219i, din p\u0103cate, ve\u021bi fi gre\u0219it. Trebuie s\u0103 alegem 22 kW. De ce avem nevoie de un astfel de surplus? Acum voi explica.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, produc\u0103torii adesea men\u021bioneaz\u0103 puterea PDU \u00een kilowatti \u0219i nu \u00een kilovolt-amperi, ceea ce este mai corect, dar nu evident pentru consumator.<br \/>\nUneori, produc\u0103torii contribuie la confuzie:<\/p>\n<p>Aici se vorbe\u0219te mai \u00eent\u00e2i despre 11 kW,<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/d9f76cadc92a2586358c6a011fc53db2.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDar \u00een descrierea detaliat\u0103 se vorbe\u0219te deja despre 11000 VA:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/8c314e7b707d62d7b757787e0f66459f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDac\u0103 ave\u021bi de-a face cu kettle-uri \u0219i consumatori similari, atunci nu va fi nicio diferen\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre kW \u0219i kVA. Un rack de 10 kW cu kettle-uri va consuma 10 kVA. Dar dac\u0103 avem echipamente IT, atunci apare un coeficient (cos \u03c6): cu c\u00e2t echipamentele sunt mai noi, cu at\u00e2t acest coeficient se apropie de unu. \u00cen medie, pentru echipamentele IT, se poate lua 0,93\u20130,95. De aceea, un rack de 10 kW cu IT va consuma 10,7 kVA. Iat\u0103 formula prin care am ob\u021binut 10,7 kVA.<\/p>\n<p><i>Ptotal = Pact \/ Cos(\u03c6)<br \/>\n10 \/ 0.93 = 10.7 kVA<\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u0218i ve\u021bi pune o \u00eentrebare rezonabil\u0103, 10,7 \u2013 este mai pu\u021bin de 11. De ce avem nevoie de un PDU de 22 kW? Exist\u0103 un alt moment: nivelul de consum electric al echipamentului va varia \u00een func\u021bie de ora din zi \u0219i ziua din s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103. Atunci c\u00e2nd distribui\u021bi alimentarea, trebuie s\u0103 \u021bine\u021bi cont de acest aspect \u0219i s\u0103 include\u021bi aproximativ 10% pentru varia\u021bii \u0219i salturi, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t \u00een momentul cre\u0219terii consumului PDU s\u0103 nu intre \u00een suprasarcin\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 lase echipamentele f\u0103r\u0103 alimentare.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e45b43aeb146aaabfd5915e35a959731.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Graficul consumului rack-ului de 10 kW pe parcursul a 4 zile.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Se dovede\u0219te c\u0103, la cei 10,7 kW pe care \u00eei avem, trebuie s\u0103 ad\u0103ug\u0103m \u00eenc\u0103 10% \u0219i, \u00een final, PDU de 11 kW nu ni se mai potrive\u0219te.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td>Model PDU\n<\/td>\n<td>Fazare\n<\/td>\n<td>Puterea produc\u0103torului, kVA\n<\/td>\n<td>Puterea DtLN, kW\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8858_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-20%C2%A0a-208%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-16%C2%A0a-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2818%29-c13-%D0%B8-%282%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8858<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>1 faz\u0103\n<\/td>\n<td>3,7\n<\/td>\n<td>3\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8853_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-32%C2%A0a%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2836%29-c13-%D0%B8-%286%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8853<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>1 faz\u0103\n<\/td>\n<td>7,4\n<\/td>\n<td>6\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8881_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-11%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%2836%29-c13-%D0%B8-%286%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8881<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>3 faze\n<\/td>\n<td>11\n<\/td>\n<td>9\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.se.com\/ru\/ru\/product\/AP8886_APC\/%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BF-2g%2C-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%2C-0u%2C-22%2C0%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82-%2832%C2%A0%D0%B0%29%2C-17%2C3%C2%A0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%82-%2824%C2%A0%D0%B0%29%2C-230%C2%A0%D0%B2%2C-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%3A-%2830%29-c13-%D0%B8-%2812%29-c19\/?range=61795-%25d0%25b8%25d0%25b7%25d0%25bc%25d0%25b5%25d1%2580%25d0%25b8%25d1%2582%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bb%25d1%258c%25d0%25bd%25d1%258b%25d0%25b5-%25d0%25b1%25d1%2580%25d0%25bf-%25d1%2581%25d1%2582%25d0%25be%25d0%25b5%25d1%2587%25d0%25bd%25d0%25be%25d0%25b3%25d0%25be-%25d0%25b8%25d1%2581%25d0%25bf%25d0%25be%25d0%25bb%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b5%25d0%25bd%25d0%25b8%25d1%258f&amp;filter=business-3-%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;parent-category-id=7400&amp;parent-subcategory-id=7410\">AP8886<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/td>\n<td>3 faze\n<\/td>\n<td>22\n<\/td>\n<td>18\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>\n<i>Fragment din tabel cu puterea unor modele specifice de PDU conform versiunii DataLine. \u021ain\u00e2nd cont de conversia din kVA \u00een kW \u0219i rezerva pentru salturi pe parcursul zilei.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Particularit\u0103\u021bile instal\u0103rii<\/h3>\n<p>\nCea mai convenabil\u0103 modalitate de a lucra cu PDU este atunci c\u00e2nd este montat\u0103 vertical, pe partea st\u00e2ng\u0103 \u0219i dreapt\u0103 a rack-ului. \u00cen acest caz, nu ocup\u0103 spa\u021biu util. Standard, \u00een rack poate fi instalat p\u00e2n\u0103 la patru PDU \u2014 dou\u0103 pe st\u00e2nga \u0219i dou\u0103 pe dreapta. De obicei, se instaleaz\u0103 c\u00e2te un PDU pe fiecare parte. Fiecare PDU are un singur input de alimentare. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e180fb9d97ebecdb9abdeaf3cd4e3f36.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Echipamentul standard al rack-ului \u2014 2 PDU \u0219i 1 UPS.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Uneori, \u00een rack nu este loc pentru PDU verticale, de exemplu, dac\u0103 este un rack deschis. Atunci intr\u0103 \u00een ajutor PDU orizontale. Singurul dezavantaj este c\u0103, \u00een acest caz, va trebui s\u0103 v\u0103 obi\u0219nui\u021bi cu pierderi de 2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 4 unit\u0103\u021bi \u00een rack, \u00een func\u021bie de modelul PDU. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5078ae5ea5c3d66b58648b9ba7ed0ee6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Aici PDU a ocupat 4 unit\u0103\u021bi. Acest tip de PDU este, de asemenea, utilizat c\u00e2nd trebuie s\u0103 separa\u021bi dou\u0103 clien\u021bi \u00eentr-un singur rack. \u00cen acest caz, fiecare client va avea o pereche separat\u0103 de PDU.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 ca rack-ul ales s\u0103 fie prea pu\u021bin profund, iar serverul s\u0103 ias\u0103 \u00een afar\u0103, acoperind PDU. Aici, lucrul cel mai trist nu este c\u0103 o parte din prize va sta nefolosit\u0103, ci faptul c\u0103, dac\u0103 un astfel de PDU se defecteaz\u0103, va trebui s\u0103-l \u00eengropa\u021bi direct \u00een rack sau s\u0103 deconecta\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103 scoate\u021bi tot echipamentul \u00eengreunat. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5883f751e1fcbfae7e6f6991b7fc1272.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Nu face\u021bi a\u0219a \u2014 1.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PDU \u0219i tot ce trebuie: distribu\u021bia energiei \u00een rack\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2cebf71685e3bd9be3a8805bc482047a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Nu face\u021bi a\u0219a \u2014 2.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Conectarea echipamentului<\/h3>\n<p>\nChiar \u0219i cel mai sofisticat PDU nu va ajuta dac\u0103 echipamentul este conectat gre\u0219it \u0219i nu exist\u0103 nicio modalitate de a monitoriza consumul. <\/p>\n<p>Ce ar putea merge prost? Pu\u021bin <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/310356\/\">materia tehnic\u0103<\/a><\/noindex>. La fiecare rack sunt dou\u0103 intr\u0103ri de alimentare, \u00eentr-un rack standard sunt dou\u0103 PDU. A\u0219adar, fiecare PDU are propria intrare. Dac\u0103 unul dintre intr\u0103ri (citi\u021bi PDU) \u00eent\u00e2mpin\u0103 probleme, rack-ul continu\u0103 s\u0103 func\u021bioneze pe al doilea. Pentru ca acest aranjament s\u0103 func\u021bioneze, trebuie respectate anumite reguli. Iat\u0103 principalele (lista complet\u0103 o ve\u021bi g\u0103si <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/193914\/\">aici<\/a><\/noindex>):<\/p>\n<p><b>Echipamentul trebuie conectat la PDU-uri diferite. <\/b>Dac\u0103 echipamentul are o surs\u0103 de alimentare \u0219i un cablu, atunci este conectat la PDU prin intermediul UPS (dispozitiv de comutare automat\u0103 a rezervelor) sau ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch). \u00cen caz de defec\u021biune a uneia dintre intr\u0103ri sau a PDU-ului \u00een sine, UPS-ul comut\u0103 echipamentul pe PDU-ul\/inputul func\u021bional. Echipamentul nu va sim\u021bi nimic.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00cenc\u0103rcare echilibrat\u0103 pe dou\u0103 intr\u0103ri\/PDU.<\/b> Intrarea de rezerv\u0103 va salva doar dac\u0103 poate suporta sarcina \u00een cazul unei c\u0103deri a intr\u0103rii principale. Pentru acest lucru, trebuie s\u0103 l\u0103sa\u021bi un rezervor: s\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rca\u021bi fiecare intrare cu mai pu\u021bin de jum\u0103tate din puterea nominal\u0103, iar sarcina total\u0103 pe cele dou\u0103 intr\u0103ri s\u0103 fie mai mic\u0103 de 100% din nominal. Doar \u00een acest caz intrarea r\u0103mas\u0103 va suporta o sarcin\u0103 dubl\u0103. Dac\u0103 nu este a\u0219a, trucul de comutare pe rezerv\u0103 nu va func\u021biona \u2014 echipamentele vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne f\u0103r\u0103 alimentare. Pentru a evita acest lucru grav, noi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/324610\/\">monitoriz\u0103m<\/a><\/noindex> acest parametru. <\/p>\n<p><b>\u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea sarcinii \u00eentre sec\u021biunile PDU.<\/b> Prizelor PDU sunt grupate \u00een sec\u021biuni \u2014 grupuri. De obicei, compuse din 2 sau 3 buc\u0103\u021bi. Fiecare sec\u021biune are limita sa de putere. Este esen\u021bial s\u0103 nu o dep\u0103\u0219i\u021bi \u0219i s\u0103 distribui\u021bi sarcina uniform pe toate sec\u021biunile. Aici se aplic\u0103 \u0219i regula sarcinilor pereche, despre care s-a discutat mai sus.<\/p>\n<p><b>S\u0103 rezum<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Alege\u021bi, dac\u0103 este posibil, PDU cu func\u021bia de monitorizare.<\/li>\n<li>Atunci c\u00e2nd alege\u021bi un model PDU, l\u0103sa\u021bi un rezervor de putere.<\/li>\n<li>Montati PDU astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 fie posibil\u0103 \u00eenlocuirea acestuia f\u0103r\u0103 a deranja echipamentele IT.<\/li>\n<li>Conecta\u021bi corect: conecta\u021bi echipamentele la dou\u0103 PDU, nu supra\u00eenc\u0103rca\u021bi sec\u021biunile \u0219i \u021bine\u021bi cont de sarcinile pereche. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sursa: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/471876\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439: \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0436\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u2013 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439. \u041c\u044b \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u201c\u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044f\u043a\u201d \u2013 \u0447\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0414\u0413\u0423, \u0413\u0420\u0429. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u201c\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0445\u201d \u2013 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435 Power Distribution Unit (PDU). \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 4 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0418\u0422-\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47PDU \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0432\u0441\u0435: \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:27:36+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:27:36+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47PDU \u0219i totul: distribu\u021bia aliment\u0103rii \u00een rack | ProHoster","description":"Una dintre rack-urile de virtualizare intern\u0103.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"ro_RO","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47PDU \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0432\u0441\u0435: \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/pdu-i-vse-vse-vse-raspredelenie-pitaniya-v-stojke","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:27:36+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:27:36+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"39054","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-24 00:33:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 00:57:31","updated":"2026-01-24 00:33:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39054\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}