{"id":39423,"date":"2019-10-31T22:32:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-zakalyalis-bojtsy-ru-neta-nemnogo-realnoj-istorii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:32:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:32:21","slug":"kak-zakalyalis-bojtsy-ru-neta-nemnogo-realnoj-istorii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/ro\/blog\/news\/kak-zakalyalis-bojtsy-ru-neta-nemnogo-realnoj-istorii","title":{"rendered":"Cum s-au \u00eent\u0103rit lupt\u0103torii ru->netului. O mic\u0103 istorie real\u0103","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Discut\u00e2nd ast\u0103zi cu prietenii, am \u00eenceput s\u0103 ne amintim \u00abcum a fost totul\u00bb \u00een RuNet \u2014 \u0219i nu din spusele unor \u00abA\u0219manovi \u0219i al\u021bii apropia\u021bi\u00bb politic, ci cum a fost cu adev\u0103rat. <\/p>\n

Ne-am hot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 scriem un articol. Nu aveam ce face, am scris o schi\u021b\u0103 despre ce urmeaz\u0103 \u00a9<\/p>\n

Practic \u2014 o serie de pove\u0219ti necunoscute din perioada form\u0103rii IT-ului \u00een RF, amuzante \u0219i nu foarte, plus descrierea carierei tipice de atunci.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 va fi interesant \u2014 exist\u0103 multe fotografii \u0219i pove\u0219ti \u2014 totul old fashion, fotografiat \u00eenc\u0103 nu cu camere digitale. C\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103 existau monitoare alb-negru \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

\"Cum
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nO descriere a modului \u00een care via\u021ba m-a dus \u00een cele mai interesante locuri legate de IT-ul mondial.<\/p>\n

Cariera mea \u00een IT a \u00eenceput cu faptul c\u0103 am \u00abexplodat\u00bb pu\u021bin directorul \u0219colii \u00een toaleta lui personal\u0103.<\/b><\/p>\n

Da, exact ca \u00een comedii ast\u0103zi \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n

Cartea de munc\u0103 rus\u0103 \u00eencepe de la 14 ani \u2014 oficial a fost creat\u0103 o re\u021bea \u00een toat\u0103 \u0219coala (\u0219i s-a f\u0103cut \u0219i \u00een alte \u0219coli), ne-am conectat la str\u0103bunicul internetului (Sprint<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 o minut\u0103 de convorbire din Norilsk cu un apel \u00een SUA costa ~100 de dolari<\/b>, a\u0219a c\u0103 l-am spart chiar de pe telefonul directorului)<\/p>\n

\u00centr-o \u0219coal\u0103 am pus pirotehnice \u00een toleta directorului, iar dup\u0103 un an am mers la alt\u0103 \u0219coal\u0103 (din prima m-au dat afar\u0103) \u0219i l-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit acolo pe acela\u0219i director. <\/p>\n

M-a recunoscut, dar nu \u0219i-a amintit de unde m\u0103 \u0219tie. A\u0219a c\u0103 m-a acceptat. <\/p>\n

Pe atunci nu \u0219tiam cum s\u0103 spun \u00een englez\u0103 \u00ablingur\u0103\u00bb (asta m-a f\u0103cut s\u0103 pic examenele de admitere la \u0219coal\u0103), ceea ce pare acum amuzant \u2014 c\u0103ci eu sunt cet\u0103\u021bean UK ast\u0103zi<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Directorul m-a primit \u00abf\u0103r\u0103 examene\u00bb, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 m-am prezentat personal pentru a negocia<\/i> (\u0219ti\u021bi cum aceast\u0103 abilitate m-a ajutat mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een via\u021b\u0103?) f\u0103r\u0103 p\u0103rin\u021bi.<\/p>\n

A fost programul \u201eEduca\u021bia de Elite din Rusia\u201d \u2014 \u00abELIOR<\/b>\u00bb (\u00abprogramul MGHIMO ELIOR (educa\u021bie elitist\u0103 \u00een Rusia)\u00bb. <\/p>\n

Da, \u00een istoria RF a existat un scurt moment c\u00e2nd so\u021bia unui nou oligarh (pe atunci nu \u0219tiau nici m\u0103car cuvinte de genul acesta) a decis s\u0103 investeasc\u0103 \u00een copiii Rusiei \u2014 dar apoi a murit brusc \u00eentr-un accident aviatic \u0219i totul s-a stins.<\/p>\n

Foarte pu\u021bini oameni \u0219tiu<\/i>, c\u0103 (de exemplu) \u00een esen\u021b\u0103 tehnologiile internetului rusesc se datoreaz\u0103 tuturor lui George Soros<\/b> \u2014 \u00een 1998 acesta George a investit \u00een RF peste 100 de milioane de dolari (<\/a><\/noindex>Acum este vorba despre sume complet diferite, mult mai mari) pentru a asigura conexiunea tuturor institu\u021biilor de v\u00e2rf \u0219i studen\u021bilor, ceea ce pe atunci mul\u021bi furnizori de internet, practic, \u00eencepeau de la ideea de a \u201efura c\u00e2teva vagoane cu petrol\u201d \u0219i apoi existau pe banii acelora\u0219i \u201eblestema\u021bi de vestici\u201d \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Am avut norocul s\u0103 prind vremuri c\u00e2nd totul abia \u00eencepea \u2014 ceea ce a permis, dac\u0103 nu s\u0103 devin o \u201estea\u201d, m\u0103car s\u0103 m\u0103 simt destul de bine, inclusiv \u00een \u201eCalifornia\u201d \u0219i s\u0103 fiu numit top \u00abspeciali\u0219ti IT care au p\u0103r\u0103sit RF pentru totdeauna<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

A\u0219adar, s\u0103 ne \u00eentoarcem \u00een 1995.<\/p>\n

Termin\u0103m colegiul \u00een Norilsk, unde (pe de o parte) am reu\u0219it s\u0103 prindem (\u0219i chiar s\u0103 sud\u0103m) computere cu perfora\u021bii \u0219i incredibil de fiabile Dec Vax (\u0219tia\u021bi c\u0103 MS Windows NT este o echip\u0103 din Alpha \/ Dec Vax, pe care Bill Gates a convins-o personal s\u0103 vin\u0103?), iar pe de alt\u0103 parte \u2014 am reu\u0219it deja chiar<\/i> s\u0103 lucr\u0103m pe Intel Pentium, utilizate ca servere Novell Netware (pe care eu personal, \u00een prima s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 de cunoa\u0219tere, am stricat-o \u00een assembler \u2014 modulele NLM \u0219i altele, cine \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te \ud83d\ude09).<\/p>\n

Da, Norilsk este locul unde de multe ori temperatura coboar\u0103 la -50C \u0219i mult mai jos.
\nCa urmare \u2014 mul\u021bi speciali\u0219ti IT puternici, deoarece nu aveai altceva de f\u0103cut.<\/p>\n

Apoi ne a\u0219tepta Institutul de Energetic\u0103 Atomic\u0103 Obninsk<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Sunt sigur c\u0103 alma mater-ul meu este cu adev\u0103rat o comoar\u0103: <\/p>\n

\"Cum<\/p>\n

\n1) Am fost singurii care ne preg\u0103team pentru operarea reactoarelor atomice ale submarinelor ruse\u0219ti. <\/p>\n

Antrenamentele includeau inundarea cu ap\u0103 rece \u00eentr-o camer\u0103 etan\u0219\u0103, imbecilii zbier\u00e2nd \u00een uniform\u0103 \u0219i altele. A\u0219adar, cursul meu militar s-a \u00eencheiat \u00een prima zi, c\u00e2nd, \u00een r\u0103spuns la \u021bipetele unei maimu\u021be, m-am ridicat, l-am trimis s\u0103-\u0219i vad\u0103 de treaba lui (la propriu) \u0219i am \u00eentrebat \u2014 \u201ecine vine cu mine, s\u0103 sud\u0103m computere\u201d.<\/p>\n

Din p\u0103cate, acest lucru nu m-a scutit de \u201ebl\u0103nuri\u201d pe ASU TP \u2014 am construit standuri (emul\u00e2nd ghidarea torpilelor asupra portavioanelor americane, de exemplu), unde conecta\u021bi mii de fire. A fost o adev\u0103rat\u0103 b\u0103taie de cap \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

2) Previzion\u00e2nd \u2014 ce f\u0103ceam acolo, de exemplu c\u00e2nd a trebuit s\u0103 pred\u0103m un proiect pentru anul 4, am realizat recunoa\u0219terea vocal\u0103<\/i>. <\/p>\n

Eu \u0219i un prieten am scris aplica\u021bii (anul 1998, \u00eentre noi fie vorba), care func\u021bionau deasupra IPX \/ Netbios, care transmiteau vocea de la etajul 8 la etajul 2 \u0219i permiteau oferirea de feedback. Aveam profesori care se ocupau de sateli\u021bi \u00een URSS. De exemplu, de aterizarea pe Venus.<\/p>\n

\u00cen 1998, profesorul vorbea cu computerul, iar computerul \u00eei r\u0103spundea (!) \u0219i rezolva corect sarcinile date vocal (!!!). <\/p>\n

Faptul c\u0103 sute de oameni din c\u0103minul studen\u021besc se rostogoleau pe jos de r\u00e2s \u2014 este o alt\u0103 poveste \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n

Apropo, uneori citesc asta pe anekdot.ru \u0219i altele, dar, ca \u00eentotdeauna, exist\u0103 o mul\u021bime de distorsiuni.<\/p>\n

\u00cen final \u2014 am construit \u0219i controlat \u00eentreaga re\u021bea a universit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i c\u0103minelor<\/b> (mai mult de 1000 de oameni, \u00eentreaga institu\u021bie etc.). <\/p>\n

Am devenit intangibili.<\/p>\n

Am patch-uit nucleul Linux (\u00een special QOS), FreeBSD, NetWare. <\/p>\n

O mul\u021bime de tehnologii interesante despre \u00abcum s\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bim 10 megabi\u021bi la 1000 de oameni\u00bb, inclusiv participarea la dezvoltare oops<\/a><\/noindex> (atunci era un server proxy dezvoltat \u00een Rusia \u0219i concurent serios cu Squid).<\/p>\n

Practic, cuno\u0219tin\u021bele acumulate \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 ne-au permis apoi s\u0103 lans\u0103m proiecte imense la scar\u0103 planetar\u0103 \u2014 inclusiv o \u00een\u021belegere complet\u0103 a func\u021bion\u0103rii protocoalelor \u0219i a tuturor \u00abtrucurilor\u00bb care pot fi f\u0103cute \u00een nucleul Linux \/ BSD.<\/p>\n

Am comandat rezervarea u\u0219ii \u00een camer\u0103<\/b> pentru c\u0103 studen\u021bii be\u021bi \u00eencercau constant s\u0103 sparg\u0103 u\u0219a, am protejat profesorii cu orientare nonconformist\u0103, surprin\u0219i pe internet<\/b>, cu b\u00e2te<\/b> de la studen\u021bii de anul superior \u0219i alte nuan\u021be ale vie\u021bii profesioni\u0219tilor IT din Rusia.<\/p>\n

Umblam cu un fier de lipit prin camere<\/b> (dou\u0103 cl\u0103diri cu 9 etaje) \u2014 re\u021beaua era token-ring pe coaxial \ud83d\ude09 <\/p>\n

3) \u00cen anul trei am \u00eenceput deja s\u0103 lucr\u0103m (\u00eemi amintesc prima \u00eent\u00e2lnire \u00een McDonald's de la Kiev) cu israelienii pe un business (legal) de pron \u2014 acolo erau deja milioane de utilizatori, servere sub Solaris X86, Zeus Web Server (care, la fel ca nginx, a fost achizi\u021bionat de una dintre cele mai de succes companii IT din lume F5Networks<\/a><\/noindex>, biroul c\u0103reia din Rusia l-am ajutat s\u0103 deschid), sarcini ultra-mari \u0219i multe lucruri interesante.<\/p>\n

La mine veneau jurnali\u0219ti occidentali s\u0103 ia interviuri \u2014 cum \u0219i de ce \u00abru\u0219ii pot men\u021bine aceast\u0103 pia\u021b\u0103\u00bb?<\/p>\n

4) De c\u00e2teva ori, FBI \u0219i FSB (\u00eempreun\u0103) au venit la noi, deoarece c\u0103minul era (1998+) conectat cu un canal nelimitat la internet, iar c\u0103minul nu doar a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 genereze carduri de credit gratuit, dar a avut \u0219i inteligen\u021ba s\u0103 trimit\u0103 virusuri c\u0103tre guvernul SUA. <\/p>\n

Ce e amuzant \u2014 c\u00e2nd au venit \u00abagen\u021biile ruse\u0219ti\u00bb \u2014 au spus c\u0103 to\u021bi suntem minuna\u021bi, lucr\u0103m la subminarea economiei inamicului (c) \u0219i au plecat.<\/p>\n

\u00cen c\u0103min, au sosit tone de produse cump\u0103rate de studen\u021bi pe carduri generate.<\/p>\n

\u00cen acest timp, providerul trimitea mesaje pe pagin\u0103 de apel<\/b> \u00abvine c\u0103tre voi FSB\u00bb.<\/p>\n

5) C\u00e2nd SUN Microsystems (acum distrus de Oracle) a donat servere la IAT\u00c9 (institut de-al nostru), nu s-a g\u0103sit niciun profesor care s\u0103 \u0219tie s\u0103 configureze echipamentul.<\/p>\n

Rectorul m-a chemat (atunci eram deja considerat nerecunoscut, dar \u00abexcep\u021bional\u00bb \u2014 \u00een sensul de a \u00eencerca s\u0103 exclud\u0103 la fiecare curs<\/i>) \u0219i mi-a propus un schimb: eu configurez serverele la institut, ni se va permite (dar nu bani \u0219i echipamente) s\u0103 ne conect\u0103m gratuit la internetul Sorovsky. <\/p>\n

Accesul era clar \u2014 la acea vreme, un link radio de 1 megabit costa aproximativ 50 de mii de dolari<\/b>, \u0219i to\u021bi \u00een institut considerau c\u0103 chiar \u0219i teoretic este imposibil pentru studen\u021bi.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cele din urm\u0103, nu doar c\u0103 am configurat tot echipamentul, dar am negociat \u0219i cu institutul pentru c\u00e2teva sute de lope\u021bi<\/b> \u0219i c\u00e2\u021biva kilometri de cablu coaxial \u00abmilitar\u00bb. <\/p>\n

Noi (sute de studen\u021bi) am pus cablul RG75 cu pl\u0103cile de re\u021bea ruse\u0219ti militare Iola Lan<\/a><\/noindex> (driverul c\u0103rora l-am rescris pentru Novell Netware 3) \u0219i \u00een dou\u0103 zile am pornit link-ul tcp\/ip \u00een institut.<\/p>\n

A fost un spectacol<\/b> \u2014 sute de studen\u021bi cu lope\u021bi s\u0103pau tran\u0219ee<\/b>, se c\u0103\u021b\u0103rau pe copaci \u0219i st\u00e2lpi, ridicau pl\u0103ci de beton care c\u00e2nt\u0103reau sute de kilograme. Mul\u021bi dintre \u00abacei studen\u021bi\u00bb sunt acum oameni foarte respecta\u021bi \u00een RF (proprietari de afaceri) \u0219i \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate.<\/p>\n

6) Cum am realizat partea tehnic\u0103 a tuturor proiectelor online de frunte din RF<\/b> (Andrei Andreev, spylog.ru, begun.ru, mamba.ru, badoo.com \u0219i multe altele) \u2014 de ce ne-am r\u00e2s at\u00e2t de r\u0103u de mail.ru \u0219i yandex.ru pe atunci (era un adev\u0103rat gr\u0103dini\u021b\u0103 tehnic\u0103), de ce mult timp badoo.com a fost semnificativ mai tare dec\u00e2t facebook \u0219i a\u0219a mai departe.<\/p>\n

7) De ce, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, aproape toat\u0103 lumea a plecat \u2014 pove\u0219ti despre Londra, Praga, Miami, Hong Kong \u0219i alte California (s).<\/p>\n

Cum, de exemplu, am fost internat \u00een spital \u00een UK timp de 5 zile cu suspiciune de micro-accident vascular, \u00een timp ce traduceam Badoo de la Cisco la F5 \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

\nPractic, nu sunt sigur c\u0103 asta este interesant pentru cineva \u00een afar\u0103 de un cerc restr\u00e2ns.
\n
Sursa: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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